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2005

年

~2009

年阅读理解第二部分

2005

年

PartB

Directions:

Inthefollowingtext,stions41-45,choose

tre

twoextrachoices,uranswersonANSWER

SHEET1.(10points)

Canada’spremiers(theleadersofprovincialgovernments),iftheyhaveanybreathleft

aftercomplainingaboutOttawaattheirlateJulyannualmeeting,mightspareamomenttodo

something,together,toreducehealth-carecosts.

They’reallgroaningaboutsoaringhealthbudgets,thefastest-growingcomponentofwhichare

pharmaceuticalcosts.

(41)____________

Whattodo?BoththeRomanowcommissionandtheKirbycommitteeonhealthcare—tosay

nothingofreportsfromotherexperts—recommendedthecreationofanationaldrugagency.

Insteadofeachprovincehavingitsownlistofapproveddrugs,bureaucracy,proceduresand

limitedbargainingpower,allwouldpoolresources,workwithOttawa,andcreateanational

institution.

(42)_____________

But“national”doesn’thavetomeanthat.“National”couldmeaninterprovincial—provinces

combiningeffortstocreateonebody.

Eitherway,onebenefitofa“national”organizationwouldbetonegotiatebetterprices,if

possible,dofhavingoneprovince—oraseriesofhospitals

withinaprovince—negotiateapriceforagivendrugontheprovinciallist,thenationalagency

wouldnegotiateonbehalfofallprovinces.

Ratherthan,say,Quebec,negotiatingonbehalfofsevenmillionpeople,thenationalagency

conomicssuggeststhegreaterthe

potentialconsumers,thehigherthelikelihoodofabetterprice.

(43)_____________

Asmallstephasbeentakeninthedirectionofanationalagencywiththecreationofthe

CanadianCo-ordinatingOfficeforHealthTechnologyAssessment,fundedbyOttawaandthe

t,aCommonDrugReviewrecommendstoprovinciallistswhichnewdrugs

tably,andregrettably,Quebecrefusedtojoin.

(particularlyQuebec

andAlberta)justwantOttawatoforkoveradditionalbillionswithfew,ifany,stringsattached.

That’sonereasonwhytheideaofanationallisthasn’tgoneanywhere,whiledrugcostskeep

risingfast.

(44)_____________

w’sreportselectively,especiallythepartsaboutmore

stheyshouldreadwhathehadtosayaboutdrugs:“Anationaldrug

agencywouldprovidegovernmentsmoreinfluenceonpharmaceuticalcompaniesinorderto

constraintheever-increasingcostofdrugs.”

(45)_____________

SowhenthepremiersgatherinNiagaraFallstoassembletheirusualcomplaintlist,theyshould

alsogetcrackingaboutsomethingintheirjurisdictionthatwouldhelptheirbudgetsandpatients.

[A]Quebec’hefirst

’sDrugInsurance

Fundhasseenitscostsskyrocketwithannualincreasesfrom14.3percentto26.8percent!

[B]’sreport:“thesubstantialbuyingpowerofsuchanagency

wouldstrengthenthepublicprescription-druginsuranceplanstonegotiatethelowestpossible

purchasepricesfromdrugcompanies.”

[C]Whatdoes“national”mean?RoyRomanowandSenatorMichaelKirbyrecommendeda

federal-provincialbodymuchliketherecentlycreatedNationalHealthCouncil.

[D]Theproblemissimpleandstark:health-carecostshavebeen,are,andwillcontinueto

increasefasterthangovernmentrevenues.

[E]AccordingtotheCanadianInstituteforHealthInformation,prescriptiondrugcostshave

theincreasecomes

itarisesfromnewdrugs

itishigherprices.

[F]So,iftheprovinceswanttorunthehealth-careshow,theyshouldprovetheycanrunit,

startingwithaninterprovincialhealthlistthatwouldendduplication,saveadministrativecosts,

preventoneprovincefrombeingplayedoffagainstanother,andbargainforbetterdrugprices.

[G]Ofcourse,kedividedbuyers;theycan

nusethethreatofremovingjobsfromoneprovincetoanother.

Theycanhopethat,ifoneprovinceincludesadrugonitslist,thepressurewillcauseothers

uldn’tlikeanationalagency,butself-interestwouldleadthemto

dealwithit.

2006

年

PartB

Directions:

Inthefollowingarticle,stions41-45,choose

retwoextra

choices,uranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

OnthenorthbankoftheOhioriversitsEvansville,Ind.,homeofDavidWilliams,52,and

ofariverboatcasino(aplacewheregamblinggamesareplayed).Duringseveralyearsof


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