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2024年3月25日发(作者：mavenjar包下载)
科技汉语常用动词的英译法：
1. 表明, 表示, 说明, 证明
表明: show, indicate, denote, signify
Calculations
Preliminary results
Recent study has
The available data indicate that
Experience has
Present results
Previouse work has
This investigation
表示: show, indicate, express, demonstrate, illustrate, represent
Fig. 2 demonstrates/shows/indicates/
In the diagram, plump lines represent the observed results.
说明: show, explain, illustrate, interpret
explain how a machine works
to be illustrated by examples
The result shows clearly that this procedure is correct.
To interpret electrical phenomena we must examine the structure of matter.
证明: show, prove
as analyses 分析证明
as fact
It goes to
It has been 一切证明
There has been 已经证明
Countless facts have proved this point 无数事实证明了这一点
证实: confirm, verify, support
remain to be confirmed 有待证实
verify a scientific hypothesis
It supports the fact that
Equation(1-7) can be easily verified by differentiating equation (1-6)
2. 获得, 得到, 得出结论
获得: "获得" 的宾语多是抽象的事物
win liberation
win the first prize
win acclaim/earn favourable comment 获得好评
achieve great success
acquire knowledge
In order to obtain a higher temperature it is necessary to raise the pressure.
得到: "得到" 的宾语多是具体的东西
get, obtain, gain
get timely medical treatment
By studying the sketch, we can get an idea of the operation of a simple laser.
研究一下简图, 我们就能对简单激光器的操作得到一个概念。
得出结论: reach/draw/form/make a conclusion
come to a conclusion
arrive at a conclusion
conclude
What conclusion did you draw from the investigation.
They concluded after investigation that this region was not poor in oil.
3. 构成, 组成, 包括
构成: form, constitute, compose, make up
组成: form, make up, compose, constitute
包括: include, comprise, consist of, incorporate
应注意以下几点:
①如果主语是构成的整体 compose 要用被动语态, 如果主语是构成整体的部分
compose 要用主动语态:
误: The sea mainly composes water and salt.
正:The sea is mainly composed of water and salt.
②Hydrogen and oxygen make water.
③Every five persons constitute a group.
④The presidium consists of 148 delegates. 主席团由 148 人组成。
⑤consist of 表示"由......组成", consist 是不及物动词, 虽然在汉语看来像被动语态,
但在英语却是主动语态。由于此词是不及物动词不能用被动语态。
⑥comprise 是一个双面动词, 其主语既可以是构成的整体, 也可以是构成的部分。此
词不用被动语态。
Our course of study comprises five subjects.
or
Five subjects comprise our course of study.
4. 利用, 使用, 应用
利用: use, make use of, employ, exploit, utilize
New technology must be developed to exploit the new resources.
Make full use of the latest achievement in science and technology.
使用: use, make use of, employ
The new machine has come into use. "come into use" 行为的主体是物
The new machine has been put into use/operation. "put into use" 行为的主体
是人
应用: apply (+ to)
applied science 应用科学
apply theory to practice
5. 检查, 检验, 试验
检查: examine
check up, look over
Steam lines should be checked for corrosion.
Look over your excercises before handing them in.
检验: test, inspect, judge
Strictly examine the quility of the products.
To interpret electrical phenomena we must examine the structure of matter.
试验:
试: try
验: test
He tried his new method on oxygen 他用氧试验他的新方法。
A pulsed laser system has been tested on a satellite.
6. 查, 查对, 查明, 查阅
查: 查字典: look up, read up, consult, find out
误: look up a dictionary
正: look up a word in a dictionary
正: consult a dictionary
查资料: read up the literature
Find out the cause of the accident!
查对: check, verify
check the data
verified/examined and found correct
查明: prove, find out
find out the truth
It has been /investigation reveals that
find out how something started and developed 查明某事的来龙去脉
查阅: consult technical data/look up technical literature
He looked through a number of journals.
7. 完成, 完结, 完工
完成: complete, be ready, accomplish, fulfil, finish
complete one's mission
accomplish a task
fulfil the state plan
完结: end, be over, finish
This is not the end of the matter.
完工: complete a project, finish doing sth., get through
It took only one month to complete the bridge.
finish a piece of writing/ complete the manuscript
8. 讨论, 商量, 商榷, 探讨
讨论: discuss sth., (talk sth. over with sb.)
Electricity production is discussed later in detail.
商量: consult sb.. talk sth. over with sb.
Consult the masses when matters arise. 有事与群众商量
We ought to talk it over with .
商榷: dicuss, deliberate with sb. over sth.
This point is open to question 这一点值得商榷。
Here are a few points I wish to discuss with you.
探讨: look/enquire/probe/ go into, approach
approach a subject from different angles
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