有限元、力学专业词汇汇总--中英文对照

有限元、力学专业词汇汇总

拉力 tensile force 正应力 normal stress 切应力 shear stress

静水压力 hydrostatic pressure 集中力 concentrated force 分布力 distributed force

线性应力应变关系linear relationship between stress andstrain

弹性模量 modulus of elasticity 横向力 lateral force transverse force

轴向力 axial force 拉应力 tensile stress 压应力 compressive stress

平衡方程 equilibrium equation 静力学方程equations of static

比例极限 proportional limit 应力应变曲线stress-strain curve 拉伸实验 tensile test‘

屈服应力 yield stress 极限应力 ultimate stress 轴 shaft 梁 beam

纯剪切 pure shear 横截面积 cross-sectional area 挠度曲线 deflection curve

曲率半径 radius of curvature 曲率半径的倒数 reciprocal of radius of curvature

纵轴 longitudinal axis 悬臂梁 cantilever beam 简支梁 simply supported beam

微分方程 differential equation 惯性矩 moment of inertia 静矩 static moment

扭矩 torque moment 弯矩 bending moment

弯矩对x的导数 derivative of bending moment with respect to x

弯矩对x的二阶导数 the second derivative of bending moment with respect to x

静定梁 statically determinate beam 静不定梁 statically indeterminate beam

相容方程 compatibility equation 补充方程 complementary equation

中性轴 neutral axis 圆截面 circular cross section

两端作用扭矩 twisted by couples at two ends 刚体 rigid body 扭转角 twist angle

静力等效 statically equivalent 相互垂直平面mutually perpendicular planes

通过截面形心 through the centroid of the cross section 一端铰支 pin support at one end

一端固定 fixed at one end 弯矩图 bending moment diagram剪力图 shear force diagram

剪力突变 abrupt change in shear force、 旋转和平移 rotation and translation

虎克定律 hook’s law 边界条件 boundary condition 初始位置 initial position、

力矩面积法moment-area method 绕纵轴转动 rotate about a longitudinal axis

横坐标 abscissa 扭转刚度 torsional rigidity 拉伸刚度 tensile rigidity

剪应力的合力resultant of shear stress 正应力的大小magnitude of normal stress

脆性破坏 brittle fail 对称平面 symmetry plane 刚体的平衡 equilibrium of rigid body

约束力 constraint force 重力 gravitational force

实际作用力 actual force 三维力系 three-dimentional force system

合力矩 resultant moment 标量方程 scalar equation、 矢量方程 vector equation

张量方程 tensor equation 汇交力系 cocurrent system of forces

任意一点 an arbitrary point 合矢量 resultant vector 反作用力 reaction force

反作用力偶 reaction couple 转动约束 restriction against rotation

平动约束 restriction against translation 运动的趋势 tendency of motion

绕给定轴转动 rotate about a specific axis 沿一个方向运动 move in a direction

控制方程 control equation 共线力 collinear forces 平面力系 planar force system

一束光 a beam of light 未知反力 unknown reaction forces 参考框架 frame of reference

大小和方向 magnitude and direction 几何约束 geometric restriction

刚性连接 rigidly connected 运动学关系 kinematical relations

运动的合成 superposition of movement 固定点 fixed point

平动的叠加 superposition of translation 刚体的角速度 angular speed of a rigid body

质点动力学 particle dynamics 运动微分方程 differential equation of motion

工程实际问题 practical engineering problems 变化率 rate of change

动量守恒 conservation of linear momentum 定性的描述 qualitative description

点线 dotted line 划线 dashed line 实线 solid line 矢量积 vector product

点积 dot product 极惯性矩 polar moment of inertia 角速度 angular velocity

角加速度 angular acceleration infinitesimal amount 无穷小量 definite integral 定积分

a certain interval of time 某一时间段 kinetic energy 动能 conservative force 保守力

damping force 阻尼力 coefficient of damping 阻尼系数 free vibration 自由振动

periodic disturbance 周期性扰动 viscous force 粘性力 forced vibration 强迫震动

general solution 通解 particular solution 特解 transient solution 瞬态解

steady state solution 稳态解 second order partial differential equation 二阶偏微分方程

external force 外力 internal force 内力 stress component 应力分量

state of stress 应力状态 coordinate axes 坐标系 conditions of equilibrium 平衡条件

body force 体力continuum mechanics 连续介质力学 displacement component位移分量

additional restrictions 附加约束 compatibility conditions 相容条件

mathematical formulations 数学公式 isotropic material 各向同性材料

sufficient small 充分小 state of strain 应变状态 unit matrix 单位矩阵

dilatation strain 膨胀应变 the first strain invariant 第一应变不变量

deviator stress components 应力偏量分量 resonance frequency 谐振频率

the first invariant of stress tensor 应力张量的第一不变量 bulk modulus 体积模量

constitutive relations 本构关系 linear elastic material 线弹性材料

mathematical derivation 数学推导 a state of static equilibrium 静力平衡状态

Newton‘s first law of motion 牛顿第一运动定律 directly proportional to 与……成正比

stress concentration factor 应力集中系数 state of loading 载荷状态

st venant’ principle 圣维南原理 uniaxial tension 单轴拉伸 cylindrical coordinates 柱坐标

buckling of columns 柱的屈曲 critical value 临界值 stable equilibrium 稳态平衡

unstable equilibrium condition 不稳定平衡条件 critical load 临界载荷

a slender column细长杆 fixed at the lower end下端固定 free at the upper end上端自由

critical buckling load 临界屈曲载荷 potential energy 势能 fixed at both ends 两端固定

hinged at both ends 两端铰支 tubular member 管型杆件 transverse dimention 横向尺寸

stability of column 柱的稳定 axial force 轴向力 elliptical hole 椭圆孔

plane stress 平面应力 nominal stress 名义应为 principal stress directions 主应力方向

axial compression 轴向压缩 dynamic loading 动载荷 dynamic problem 动力学问题

inertia force 惯性力 resonance vibration 谐振 static states of stress 静态应力

dynamic response 动力响应 time of contact 接触时间 length of wave 波长