Charlotte

英文书名： 中文书名： 作者：

E・B・White

喜欢指数：

夏洛的网

E·B·怀特（1899年7月11日——1985年10月1日），美国当代著名散文家、评论家，以散文名世，“其文风冷峻清丽，辛辣幽默，自成一格”。生于纽约蒙特弗农，毕业于康奈尔大学。作为《纽约客》主要撰稿人的怀特一手奠定了影响深远的 “《纽约客》文风”。怀特对这个世界上的一切都充满关爱，他的道德与他的文章一样山高水长。除了他终生挚爱的随笔之外，他还为孩子们写了三本书：《斯图尔特鼠小弟》（又译《精灵鼠小弟》）、《夏洛的网》与《吹小号的天鹅》，同样成为儿童与成人共同喜爱的文学经典。享年86岁。

著名作品：

《女士是冷酷的》（1928）《美国幽默文库》（1941）

《人各有异》（1942）《小老鼠斯图尔特》（又译《精灵鼠小弟》）（1945）

《野菖蒲》（1946）《这就是纽约》（1949）

《夏洛的网》（1952）《角落里的第二棵树》（1954）

《文体的要素》（1959）《我罗盘的方位》（1962）

《吹小号的天鹅》（1970）《怀特散文》（1977）

《诗与小品》（1981）《纽约客文选1925-1976》（1990）

《最美的决定》 书信集（2009）

有一次怀特养的一头猪病了，为了救治这头猪，他费尽心血，寻医问药，与这头猪共度了三、四个十分焦虑的日子。最后这头猪还是死了。即使这头猪没有病死，迟早也是要被宰杀的。可是怀特对此颇有感触，随即写下了散文《猪之死》，表达了他前所未有的感悟。如《猪之死》开头所写道：“春天，买上一头正在发身的猪仔，喂过夏秋，当酷寒天气来临时，宰写作背景

掉--这是我非常熟稔的一种方式，自古以来一直是这样的。这（摘自百度）是大部分农庄都一板一眼地实行的一种悲剧。这种屠杀，因为是早有预谋，够得上一级罪愆，屠刀下去，迅疾而干脆利落，最终以烟熏火腿而隆重结束，从来就没有人对此行为存有过任何疑问。”怀特不仅对此存有疑问，而且他决心要拯救一头小猪的性命，想探寻关于动物生命的思考，于是便有了《夏洛的网》的故事。在朱克曼家的谷仓里，快乐地生活着一群动物。小猪威尔伯和蜘蛛夏洛建立了真挚的友谊。然而，一个消息打破了谷仓里的平静：威尔伯在圣诞节将会被做成熏肉火腿！作为一只猪，悲痛欲绝的威尔伯似乎只能接受任人宰割的命运了。然而，看似渺小的小蜘蛛夏洛却在暗中帮助它，于是，夏洛在猪栏上织全文故事梗概

出了被人类视为奇迹的蜘蛛网文字，这些赞美威尔伯的词语彻底改变了它的命运，终于让威尔伯在集市的大赛上赢得特别奖，和一个安享天年的未来。但在这时，蜘蛛夏洛的生命也走到了尽头……之后，威尔伯带着悲伤和感恩抚养了夏洛的孩子！这是一个关于友情的美好故事。

1、

千般感触汇成一句话——每一个生命都有力量，每一份友谊都值得珍藏！

推荐语

2、

一首关于生命，友情，爱与忠诚的赞歌！读它吧，带着热情与虔诚!因为，它有一种最纯真的感动让我们泪流满面。友谊是无价的！

读后感想

"Charlotte's Web", it taught me a lot of truth .The

book mainly to wrote a little girl Finn who sent the

smallest pig to the Zuckerman's barn that her parents do

not agree to raise it. After that, the little pig Wilbur and

the spider Charlotte built deep friendship. Then the

spider saved the little pig. With its help, Wilbur had a

healthy life ,but then, Charlotte's life has come to an end.

In order to pig, Charlotte dedicated(奉献)too much.

When Wilbur is alone, Charlotte play games with it .

On

the night of the storm ,it brought joy to the pig,make it

to happy life.

When Wilbur face to slaughter, because

friendship, charlotte wove mesh to amazing words, make

the town's pig become famous, to avoid his tragic fate.(悲惨的命运)

Until now, I still remember Charlotte in the dying

woven "humble" two words, they are in my mind, is in the

praise charlotte.

Friendship, so that they have a common belief.

Charlotte needs something to return? No, I do not

think so. Because they are best friends.

In order to friend,

读后感想

Charlotte was always busy. But it is very useful.

This is not the world's most pure friendship?

After reading this book my heart was moved.

Friendship, is the world's most precious wealth.

思维导图1

（人物关系）

名字

书中角色

角色简介

一只蜘蛛，夏洛以智慧、

夏洛

感恩、守信编织出一张爱蜘蛛 与温情的网，一张闪烁着人性光辉的网，这网挽救了小猪威尔伯的生命。

威尔伯

坦普尔顿

小猪

一只落脚猪，单纯可爱，不愿认命。

一只狡猾的老鼠 老鼠

艾弗里

阿拉布尔夫妇的儿子，一个淘气的男孩，喜欢往十岁 口袋装别人的东西。

弗恩

阿拉布尔夫妇的女儿， 一个充满爱心,善于观察,八岁 热爱生活的小姑娘.

刚开始也很嫌弃小猪,可后霍莫.L.朱克曼先生 弗恩的舅舅 来一看小猪成名了，自己便跑去领奖。

伊迪丝.朱克曼太太 弗恩的舅妈

和霍莫.L.朱克曼

先生一样

思维导图2

（故事情节）

在朱克曼家的谷仓里，快乐地生活着一群动物。小猪威尔伯和蜘蛛夏洛建立了真挚的友谊。然而，一个消息打破了谷仓里的平静：威尔伯在圣诞节将会被做成熏肉火腿！作为一只猪，悲痛欲绝的威尔伯似乎只能接受任人宰割的命运了。然而，看似渺小的小蜘蛛夏洛却在暗中帮助它，于是，夏洛在猪栏上织出了被人类视为奇迹的蜘蛛网文字，这些赞美威尔伯的词语彻底改变了它的命运，终于让威尔伯在集市的大赛上赢得特别奖，和一个安享天年的未来。但在这时，蜘蛛夏洛的生命也走到了尽头……之后，威尔伯带着悲伤和感恩抚养了夏洛的孩子！这是一个关于友情的美好故事。

人物描写

一、外貌神态描写

1、A queer look came over John Arable’s

face .He seemed almost ready to cry himself.

1、译文：约翰•阿拉布尔先生的脸上掠过了一种奇怪的表情。他自己好像也要哭了。

1、品读：表达了他听说不公平事件后的仁慈，同时也推动了故事情节发展。是对之前女儿爱护小动物的赞赏。

1、仿写：She vowed to become as silm as a

bamboo pole.

2、Wilbur loved his milk, and he was never

happier than when Fern was warming up a

bottle for him. He would stand and gaze

（注视）at her with adoring eyes.

2、译文：威尔伯虽然喜欢喝奶，但只有

弗恩给它热奶时，它才感到莫大的幸福，

这时它会站起来，用充满深情的眼睛注视

着她。

2、品读：表达了弗恩对小动物的喜爱，

与猪相伴。她们间的亲密友情，

使我深受触动。

2、仿写：She is very enthusiastic and hard

working .

With affectionate eyes staring at

those little animals.

I see her love for animals.

1、Fern was enchanted（入迷）.It relieved her

mind to know that her baby would sleep

covered up, and would stay warm.

1、译文：弗恩简直看入迷了。她这才放了心，因为她知道她的宝宝睡得既舒服又暖和。

1、品读：这是弗恩对幼年威尔伯的关心，是她小时天真无邪的写照，充满了温情。

1、仿写：Hiding behind the tree .I think he is up

to no good.

2、A queer look came over John Arable’s

face .He seemed almost ready to cry himself.

2、译文：约翰•阿拉布尔先生的脸上掠过了一种奇怪的表情。他自己好像也要哭了。

3、"I like it ," said Wilbur. "That is, I guess Ilike

it." Actually, Wilbur felt queer to be out side

his fence（栅栏）, with nothing between him

and the big world.

3、译文：“我喜欢，”威尔伯说。“我的意思是说，我想我喜欢这感觉。”实际上，当威尔伯站在栅栏外，望着这个与自己毫无阻隔的大大的世界的时候，他只有种梦幻般的，说不清的感觉。

人物描写

二、表情与情绪

3、品读：这是威尔伯第一次冲出栅栏，享受自由。但不一会却又被抓回农场。表达了它对美好自由的向往，也是一种无奈。

二、表情与情绪

3、Wilbur didn't know what to do or which way

to run. It seemed as through everybody was

after him." If this is what it's like to be free," he

thought," I believe I'd rather be penned up in

my own yard."

1、 "Run toward me!" yelled the gander.

"Run uphill!" cried the sheep.

"Turn and twist!" honked the goose.

人物描写

三、动作描写

"Jump and dance!" said the rooster.

"Look out for Lurvy!" called the cows.

"Look out for Zuckerman!" yelled the

gander.

"Watch out for the dog!" cried the sheep.

"Listen to me, listen to me!" screamed

the goose.

1、译文：“往下坡跑！”母牛们出主意。

“向我这里跑！”公鹅尖叫。

“往上坡跑！”绵羊大喊。

“迂回前进！”母鹅嘎嘎地叫着。

“跳，蹦高儿！”公鸡叫。

“小心鲁维！”母牛提醒。

“小心祖克曼！”公鹅扯着嗓子喊。

三、动作描写

“小心那条狗！”绵羊大叫。

“听我的，听我的！”母鹅尖叫。

1、品读：写出了农场中的动物们想方设法让威尔伯离开，让它回归自然，回归自由的想法，动物们的乐于助人以及农场主的残酷。

1、仿写：

"Please pay attention the robots!" I said.

"Hurry up !" he said in a hurriedly voice.

人物描写

1、 "I'm really too young to go out（闯） into

the world alone," he thought as he lay down.

1、译文：“我真的太年轻，还不适合一个人在这世上闯，” 躺下时它这么想。

1、品读：这是它逃跑失败后心里所想，之后四、人物话语、

人物评价

会有什么事情发生呢？

2、"Well," he thought," I've got a new friend,

all right. But what a gamble friendship is!

Charlotte is fierce, brutal, scheming,

bloodthirsty--everything I don't like. How can I

learn to like her, even though she is pretty and,

of course, clever?

2、译文：“很好，”他想，“我有了一个新朋友，真不错。但这是多危险的友谊呀！夏洛凶猛，残酷，狡诈，嗜血——这些我都不喜欢。虽然她是那么可爱，当然，也很聪明，可我怎么能让自己去试着喜欢她呢？”

人物描写

四、人物话语、

人物评价

2、品读：这是威尔伯进入农场以来结交的第一个朋友，尽管它有许多缺点，但它却十分和蔼。接下来又有什么惊心动魄的事情呢？

2、仿写：I have a new friend ,he is fierce, but

She is lonely ,kind and of course very clerer ,I

should come to like him.

1、"Kill you. Turn you into smoked bacon

（腌肉）and ham," continued the old sheep.

"Almost all young pigs get murdered（谋杀）

by the farmer as soon as the real cold weather

sets in. There's regular conspiracy around here

情节描写

五、叙事情节

to kill you at ody is in the

plog--Lurvy, Zuckerman, even John Arable."

1、“杀死你。把你做成腌肉和火腿。”老羊继续说。“几乎所有年轻的小猪到了冬天来的时候都会被农场主谋杀。这里有个尽人皆知的阴谋，就是你将在圣诞节被杀掉。每个人都在参与这个计划——鲁维，祖克曼甚至约

翰•阿拉贝尔。

1、品读：表明了之前农场里猪的最后归所，暗示了威尔伯也会被农场主在圣诞节所杀害。为下文动物们的救援埋下了伏笔，设置了一个悬念。

五、叙事情节

1、创写："I don't want to die," he answered. "I

want to stay alive with all my friends. I want to

breathe the beautiful air and lie in the

beautiful sun."

That remains to be seen. But I want you to

quiet down immediately so that I can help you.

情节描写

1、Wilbur was merely suffering the doubts

(猜疑) and fears that often go with finding a

new friend. In good time he was to discover

that he was mistaken about Charlotte.

Underneath her rather bold and cruel exterior,

六、事件议论评价

she had a kind heart, and she was to prove

loyal and true to the very end.

1、译文：威尔伯像那些初交新朋友的人一样，被猜疑和恐惧困绕着。以后，他将发现自己误解了夏洛。其实，在她那可怕冷漠的外表下，有着一颗善良的心，以后发生的事情将证明，她对朋友是忠实，真诚的，每一刻都

是如此。

1、品读：在结交了夏洛一段时间后，他明白了它有一颗善良的心，以至于在后来的时间情节描写

六、事件议论评价

去帮助威尔伯脱离险境。这是对夏洛的赞美.

1、仿写："Yes," she answered with a sweet

voice, "I always help them first, so that they

can learn English well. And they Progress so

quickly.

1、Twilight settled（薄暮的余晖） over

Zuckerman's barn, and a feeling of peace

（宁静、平和的气氛）…… Swallows passed

on silent wings, in and out of the doorways,

bringing food to their young ones. From across

the road a bird sang“Whippoorwill,

whippoorwill!” Lurvy sat down under an

环境描写

七、场景描写

apple and treeand（吸） lit his pipe; the

animals sniffed the familiar smell of strong to

bacco. Wilbur heard the trill（颤音） of the

tree toad（树蟾）and from time to time came

the voice of the switch of the kitchen door .All

these sounds made him feel comfortable and

happy, for he loved life and loved to be a part

of the world on a summer evening.

1、译文：薄暮的余晖把祖克曼先生的谷仓笼罩在宁静、平和的气氛里。……燕子无声地拍着翅膀，从门口飞进飞出，一遍遍的给他们的孩子衔来食物。小路那边有一只鸟在唱：“威普威噢（Whippoorwill），威普威噢（Whippoorwill）！”鲁维坐在一棵苹果树下，吸着他的烟斗；动物们都闻到了那种熟悉的刺鼻的烟草味儿。威尔伯听到了树蟾的颤音和不时传来的开关厨房门的声音。所有的这些声音都让他感觉惬意而又幸福，因为他热爱生活，愿意成为这夏夜世界的一分子。

环境描写

七、场景描写

1、品读：这是威尔伯学夏洛织网后的环境描写，十分和谐、宁静、优美，又有夏夜的闲适，抒发了它对自然的向往，体现了它爱探索、天真有趣。或许，这才是夏洛帮助他的原因。

1、The spider, however, stayed wide awake,

gazing affectionately at him and making plans

for his future. Summer was half gone. She

knew she didn’t have much time.

这只蜘蛛仍然很清醒地呆在那里，深情地望着她的朋友，正在为他的将来做打算。夏天已经过去一半了。她知道她没有太多的时间了。

1、Then you got up all your nerve（鼓起勇气）,

took a deep breath（深呼吸）, and jumped. For

a second you seemed to be falling to the barn

floor far below, but then suddenly the rope

would begin to catch you, and you would sail

through the barn door going a mile a minute,

with the wind whistling（吹口哨） in your eyes

and ears and hair.

Then you would zoom

upward（向上） into the sky, and look up at the

clouds, and the rope would twist（扭） and you

would twist and turn with the rope.

其他

八、修辞

1、译文：然后你就鼓起你所有的勇气，做一个深呼吸，开始往上荡。在一秒钟之内你还觉得自己好像就要跌到谷仓下面的地上了，但猛然间那绳子却拉住了你，让你以每分钟一英里的速度由谷仓门那里往天空航行，呼呼的风声掠过你的眼睛，耳朵，头发。然后你将笔直地飞升进天空里，看见云彩。绳子会盘旋起来，你也会和它扭在一起，往天上飞。

1、品读：用了多种修辞手法，写出了当时我荡秋千时的乐趣，形象的写出我们的欢乐，为下文捉夏洛这个富有童趣的行为做铺垫。

其他

八、修辞

1、仿写：In swing, I hold the rope, two feet

gently, gently push, the swing is swinging

1、When Lurvy arrived with breakfast, there

was the handsome pig, and over him, woven

neatly in block letters, was the word TERRIFIC.

Another miracle.

1、译文：当鲁维来送早餐时，一眼就看到了那头漂亮的猪，和猪的头顶上的那些织得整整齐齐的大写字母，那些字母拼成了一个单其他

九、含丰富语法

结构的句子

词“棒”。这又是一个奇迹。

1、品读：写出了仆人看到字后的惊喜之情，一个不知名的不到一年的猪，竟然会织出这种东西，使仆人惊讶。当然，这是夏洛辛勤工作、伙伴们的好点子共同作用的结果。

1、仿写：The worst of it was that he could do

nothing about it.

What a pity it was that such beauty was

destined to fade!

最喜欢的节选：

1、 在雾天的早晨，夏洛的网真是一件美丽的东西。这天早晨，每一根细丝点缀着几十颗小水珠。网在阳光中闪闪烁烁，组成一个神秘可爱的图案，像一块

纤细的面纱。连对美不太感兴趣的勒维来给小猪送早饭时，也不由得注意到这张网。他注意到它有多么显眼，他注意到它有多么大，织得有多么精细。他再看一眼时，看到了一样东西让他不觉放下桶子。 瞧，在网中央，整整齐齐地织着几个大字，这是一句话。它写的是：王牌猪！

2、 一天又一天，蜘蛛头朝下，等着一个好主意来到它的脑瓜子里。一个小时又一个小时，它坐在那里一动不动，冥思苦想。答应过威尔伯救它的命以后，蜘蛛决定说到做到，决不食言。

3、 "I will not be going back to the barn," she said.

Wilbur leapt to his feet. "Not going back?" he cried. "Charlotte, what are you

talking about?

"I'm done for," she replied. "In a day or two I'll be dead. I haven't even strength

enough to climb down into the crate. I doubt if I have enough silk in my spinnerets to

lower me to the ground."Hearing this, Wilbur threw himself down in an agony of pain

and sorrow. Great sobs racked his body. He heaved and grunted with desolation.

4、As he stood there, he noticed something move. He stepped closer and stared. A tiny

spider crawled from the sac. It was no bigger than a grain of sand, no bigger than the

head of a pin. Its body was grey with a black stripe underneath. Its legs were grey and

tan. It looked just like Charlotte.

Wilbur trembled all over when he saw it. The little spider waved at him. Then

Wilbur looked more closely. Two more little spiders crawled out and waved. They

climbed round and round on the sac, exploring their new world. Then three more little

spiders. Then eight. Then ten. Charlotte's children were here at last.