国家开放大学《人文英语3》章节测试参考答案

国家开放大学《人文英语3》章节测试参考答案

Unit 1 Parenting Children

会话演练

听张华和Mary谈论家庭成员。

Zhang Hua pays a visit to Mary's home, and gets to know her family.

Zhang Hua: How many people are there in your family?

Mary: There are（four）, my husband, my daughter, my son and me.

Zhang Hua: Do you have much experience with kids?

Mary: Yes, I do. I have（two）kids. To tell you the truth, sometimes I regret

having a baby so early.

Zhang Hua: I understand. I've been in your（position）before. At that time my

wife took care of our children（alone）, and I（seldom）stayed at home due to

being very busy with work.

Mary: What about your mother? Did she help you?

Zhang Hua: Yes, she did a little. But you see, you can't depend on your mother

to be a full-time babysitter .

Mary:（Sometime）I wish I could look after my children full time .

Zhang Hua: Don't worry. Soon your children will be old enough to attend

kindergarten . Then you can find a job and work. Besides, it's a great feeling to watch

your kids growing up, right?

Mary: Yeah, indeed.

Zhang Hua: By the way, how long have you been married?

Mary: About four years now, and you?

Zhang Hua: I've been married for about（five）years. How do you feel about

marriage life?

Mary: Not bad. I think it was a good（choice）to marry Tom.

边学边练

理解细节，判断准确信息，Mary的有利条件是什么

she has a new job and works hard.

has two children.

mother did a lot to help her take care of the children.

is satisfied with her four-year marriage.

loves her kids, but she regrets having babies so early.

takes care of her children all the time.

has less experience with kids.

会话演练

听汤姆和妻子玛丽讨论如何教给孩子正确的行为方式。

Tom and his wife Many are talking about how to teach their kids good behavior.

Mary: I don't want you to be worried,（but our son has picked up some bad

habits）He says aggressive and upsetting wors every day.

Tom: What words? Could you give me some examples?

Mary:He says “kick mommy”, “beat mommy”, “don't want mommy” very

quickly if I do something that he doesn't like.

Tom: Honey, I （don't know what to tell you.）Of course, Tony is a young

child. But do not underestimate his ability to learn and reason.

Mary:Yes, but sometimes he just isn't responsible .

Tom: I suggest you treat him with patience , affection and he needs to

do something, like going to bed, or getting washed, etc., please guide or help him to

get it done with gentleness .

Mary: （It's easier said than done）but I will try.

Tom:Try motivate Tony to cooperate by reward his good not

always punish him（for little things like bad moods, etc.）.

Mary:I know. Sometimes punishment just doesn't work, and instead of

behaving better he picks up another bad habit.

Tom:That's true. Don't worry, darling. （I'm right behind you.）

Mary: Thanks, darling. I love you.

Tom:I love you, too.

边学边练

听文中对话，根据对话内容完成笔记

Mary: Our son has（picked up）some bad habits.

Tom: Although Tony is a young child, he has the ability to（learn and reason）

Mary: Sometimes he even asked me to do some（unreasonable）things.

Tom: Tom suggests that they treat Tony with patience,（affection）and

respect.

Mary: Punishment doesn't always work, and instead he picks up another（bad

habit）

Tom: You'd better not always punish him for little things like（bad moods）,

etc.

短文听读

阅读理解，选词填空，完成第一自然段大意。

Families Having Fewer Children Nowadays

Most couples who get married or decide to live together generally plan to have

children. Several years ago, having big families was common and people thought of

this as an advantage .That was mainly because children began working at an early

age to help provide for the family. But with the changing times and with the cost of

living getting higher every single year, having a big family is no longer considered a

practical option .In fact, more and more couples choose to have only one child and

some do not have any desire to become parents at all.

Indeed, the trend of having fewer children started a few decades ago. According

to the Australian Institute of Family Studies, by 1986, women aged 40 to 44 years,

were considerably more likely to have given birth to two children than three children

(36% vs. 27%) or four or more children (19%).However, taken together, women were

still more likely to have had three or more children than to have had two children

(46% vs. 36%).

Two decades ago, women were more likely to have had two children than three

or more children — a trend that was most marked in the most recent period (38%

vs. 25% in 1996; 38% vs. 22% in 2006). Nowadays, most families in Australia have

two children. But the number of women who had given birth to a single child

increased progressively from only 8% in 1981 to 13% in 2006, and it should be even

bigger nowadays.

The U.S. Census Bureau states that there are approximately 14 million only

children in America today. This comprises 20% of the children's population

compared to only 10% around fifty years ago.

If a couple get married, they will probably decide to have（children）. People

once thought of a big family as a(n)（advantage）, because children could help to

（support）the family when they began to work. With time passing by, due to

（higher cost of living）, having a big family isn't a good（choice）anymore. More

couple prefer to have one（child）, and some even want a(n)（DINK）family.

边学边练

根据短文内容以及图标描述生育孩子的趋势变化。

graph shows there has been a decrease in the number of couples （who

have three or more children）（生三个或更多孩子）.

this trend continues, couples will have（fewer children）（更少的孩子）

3.

Proportion of couples with two children（remained steady）（保持稳定）

from 1986 to 2006.

4.

From the graph, we can see that the number of women with three or more

children（decreased dramatically）（明显减少）in 1996 compared with that in 1986.

5.

We can infer that the number of women with a single child will（go up）（将