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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 6(20 1 2)965-97 1
ommon Information ModeI:A Bus Service for Electric
alculations in AES Eletropaulo
Carlos Alexandre de Sousa Penin ,Wladmir Sybine ,Claudio Masanori Matayoshi and Flavio Celio de Souza
Cerdan
1.1n,rastructure Department,Brazilian Institute ofGeography and Statistics(IBGE),Sao Paulo 04542—050,Brzial
2.Engineering Departmen ̄Daimon Engenharia e Sistemas Ltda,Sao Paulo 01310—200,Brazil
3.Information Security and Innovation Division.Scopus Tecnologia Ltda,Sao Paulo 051 0—000,Brazil
4 4.ITManagement,Management ofDistribution Systems,AES Eletropaulo,Sao Paulo 01009・970,Brazil
Received:March 15,201 1/Accepted:August 31,201 1/Published:June 30,2012
Abstract:This paper resumes a research project developed in the concession area of AES Eletropaulo,the largest electrical energy
distribution company in Brazil.First.the global standards of information exchange within power transmission and distribution area
were evaluated,allowing the definition of state of the art on the theme,followed by determining its applications considering
technologies already applied by the company.The speciicatifons needed for the generation of a data integration model are adapted to
radial overhead network at company concession rea.The aproject developed an intermediary connectivity layer.based on the CIM
(common information mode1),which enables corporative systems to communicate in a standard way,through the use of integrating
technologies.It,therefore,enabled modeling all main subjects of an electrical network in an open,extensible and non-proprietary
way.in a model that contains classes and attributes of such subjects.as well as their relationships.Calculation and planning products
adopted by the company were integrated to the technological layer implemented.
Key words:Common information model,enterprise service bus,electrical calculation applications,planning applications,SOA
(service oriented rchiatecture).
1.IntrOductiOn
This paper presents the methodology applied in a
international patterns for systems interface formatting
information[8-1 0]in an extensive and connectable
way with open technologies,developed,however,in a
pioneering manner to meet the needs and the standards
of the Brazilian networks.
The interface between the corporative systems and
research project that studied the global standards of
infornlation exchange within the area of power
transmission and distribution. allowing for the
definition of the state of the art of the theme『1.41 as
well as its application considering technologies already
the specialized systems of electrical calculation has a
cost that may be minimized with the suitable use of
strategic integrations.Considering the existence of
applied by the company AES—Eletropaulo【5,6].
The speciifcations needed for the generation of a
data integration model【7],adaptable to radial
overhead networks at company concession area,were
many corportaive systems[5]and the importnce aof the
integration and connectivity between them,the
definition of a speciifc semantic for the electrical sector
researched and defined in accordance with
was an important goal reached by this project.The
applied strategy was the definition and application of an
C0rresponding author:Carlos Alexandre de Sousa Penin,
Ph.D.,infrastructure analyst,research fields:distribution
systems,non technical losses and financial market analysis for
interface layer known as CIM(common information
mode1),created by EPRI(Electric Power Research
energy companies.E-mail:carlos.penin@ibge.gov.br.
966 Common Information Model:A Bus Services for Electric Calculations in AES Eletropaulo
Institute)and standardized by the IEC(International
Electrotechnical Commission)and maintained by The
CIMug(CIM Users Group)[1 1】.
2.Development
2. WorkPreparation
The project developed an intermediary layer for
connectivity based on the common information model,
widely known as CIM【1,2】.This model allows the
standardized communication among corporative
systems,through the use of integrating technologies.
It,therefore,enabled modeling all main subjects of
an electrical network in an open way,extensible and
non—proprietary in a model that contains classes and
attributes of such subjects as well as their
relationships.The model was developed in accordance
to main known initiatives[4,7],supposed by global
standards for the interface between systems,
formatting information in an extensive and
connectable way with open technologies,developed,
however,in a pioneering manner to meet the needs
and the standards of the Brazilian networks[5].
Aspects related to the data synchronicity and
availability were analyzed in the integration layer,
which corresponds to the connectivity bases where the
electric calculation modules and the GIS(Geographic
Information System)[1 2]were integrated.Through
this analysis,a reference for the company was
released,allowing the extension such technology for
the other systems such as measurement,billing and
other calculation systems.
Calculation and planning products were integrated
to a defined technological layer,making old extractors
obsolete once now the calculation of the input is done
by the integration layer.
One of the benefits of the extractors is the
elimination of additional programming codes that
introduces errors in data transfer.It also improves the
performance decreasing the costs of integration and
interoperability.
The proposed scope for the project is a conceptual
proof that may be extended to other applications in the
future.For the property systems of the company,it
will be necessary to execute an adaptation and a
migration,using the experience acquired with the
project development.
2.2 Common Data Model-Assessed Options
There are many options of electrical data models
available in the market.However,if it is considered
only open and non—proprietary models,there are not
so many options available.As part ofthe R&D project,
the main models available in the market was studied.
The choice was made towards the most complete
model,which applies the most recent technology and
that is becoming the market pa ̄ern,assuring stabiliyt
and continuity for the developments proposed,and
contributing towards the future policies of the
company.The studied and confronted models were:
MultiSpeak from NRECA(National Rural Electric
Cooperative Association)[1 3】,PSAD/DSAD(power
systems analytical data and distribution system
analytical data)from EPRI and CIM rfom EPRI.
Due to an initiative sponsored by IEEE(Institute of
Electrical and Electronic Engineers)in the beginning
of 1 998,the PSAD(power systems analytical data)
work group was formed,which was aiming to develop
an analytical data model for power systems.
On the other hand,due to an initiative also
sponsored by IEEE in the same period,the DSAD
(distribution system analytical data)work group was
aiming to define an analytical data dictionary for
power distribution systems based on XML and
COM/CORBA technologies for the support and
making of data transference.The work developed by
DSAD was more promising,due to its concem with
the recent software engineering technologies.
In the beginning of 2000,PSAD and DSAD work
groups were encapsulated by the IEC TC57 WG14,
resulting in the CIM,which covers the transmission,
distribution,generation,planning and market[1 1】.
The MultiSpeak【1 3]was conceived in order to
answer the needs of rural electrical cooperatives from
Common Information Model:A Bus Services for Electric Calculations in AES Eletropaulo 967
the United States,i.e.,all of them are small power
distribution companies;while the CIM is intended for
any kind of company in the electrical sector.The
MultiSpeak is focused in system interfaces,while the
CIM proposes a wide model,which may be used for
the interface or even interfere in the modeling of the
whole system.
MultiSpeak and CIM are information models based
on object—oriented technology that define classes.For
the data exchange and representation,both use
technologies that came from XML.Both use XML
schemes to define messages,as well as nouns and
verbs for the definition of messages(but with different
vocabularies).
Both of them use GML(a geography markup
language)which is the XML grammar defined by the
OGC(Open Geospatial Consortium)to express
geographical characteristics.
The choice was made towards the CIM from EPRI
[14,15]due to the global scale that it is achieving,and
due to the amplitude of its mode1.Another reason that
contributed to this choice refers to the availability of
its IEC standards[161.The choice smisfied the
project’s objectives completely and is becoming an
international paRern.The existence of the users group
CIMug[1 1】also contributed on the choice,since it
constitutes a discussion forum that has contributed
towards the model improvement.
3.CIM:Fundamentals and Contents
The CIM 1s defined through object。oriented
modeling techniques.The model specifications are
developed using UML.These specifications divide the
model into packages.Each one of these packages is
composed by a set of classes,relationships,class
diagrams,and many other packages.Each one of these
packages that are used to compose the CIM will be
briefly described【1 6].
3.1 IEc 61968StandardsSet
The IEC 6 1 968 Standards Set was developed by the
IEC’s IT Technical Committee for Power Systems
(IEC TC57),Work Group 14:Interface Systems for
the Distribution Management(WG 1 4).The same
Committee also revises the standard set.
The IEC 6 1 968 Standards Set is composed by four
standards,defining the distribution management
aspects of the mode1.It identiifes and establishes the
inforlnation requirements for standardized interfaces.
which are intended to DMS(distribution management
systems).and based on interface architecture.
Considering the organizational terms of the data
mode1.these standards are organized into six class
packages:Assets,Consumers,Core2,Documentation,
ERP Support and Work.
3 2 IEC 61970StandardsSet
The IEC 6 l 970 Stnadards Set was developed by the
IEC’s IT Technical Committee for Power Systems
(IEC TC57).Wor1(Group 1 3:Energy management
system application program interface(EMS--API)
rWG131.The standard set iS also maintained/revised
by the same Committee.
The IEC 6 1 970 Standards Set is composed by eight
standards nowadays,which defined the specifications
for the interface patterns for the application used by
the electrical sector.
Considering the organizationaI terms of the data
mode1.these standards are organized into ten class
packages:Core,Domain,LoadModel,Meas,Outage,
Topology,Wires,Generation,SCADA,Protection.
4.Design of the Common Data Model Layer
Due to the choice towards the GIS model,the next
task was to achieve its correlation with the systems
rfom the initial scope of the project.So,they were
transformed into electrical calcultaion applications
and planning applications,both compatible with the
CIM semantic.
The data synchronicity in the integrating layer with
the GIS data,through successive XSLT
transformations was studied and implemented.
Common Information Model:A Bus Services for Electric Calculations in AES Eletropaulo 969
(3)The responsibility towards the data consistency
that executes the service,answering a customer
is from the calculation bus.
4.3 Processes Flow
It is defined that the customer system represents the
system which requires the information and/or service,
and the provider system represents the system that
provides the information and/or service.It is important
to highlight that the same system may play the roles of
customer and provider in different moments.
So,the customer system requires information
regarding electrical calculation,topological data,
consumption data,or any other records.This
requirement occurs indirectly,since the system
communicates with its specific connector and not with
the bus.
Each connector executes semantic transformations
and forwards the data to the calculation bus or to the
speciifc system which is connected to.The CIM
connector will receive the data and/or the requisitions
from the customer system,and will also send them to
the bus.
The travelling data through the calculation bus are
formatted into XML—CIM.The calculation bus is
responsible for consisting all the data received in the
XML—CIM semantic,and it is also responsible for
identifying which system actually required the data
,
acting as an intermediary between the provider and the
customer of the information(mechanism known as
binding).
The information provider system receives the
information requisition,processes this requisition and
,
then,returns a response package with the required
information.
Fig.1 illustrates the solution adopted,highlighting
the details involved in the processes lfow.
In Fig.1,it is possible to identify the involved
systems and the role of each one.It is also possible to
notice that the customer role system(the one that
consumes or requires the result of a service provided
by a provider)and the provider system role(the one
requisition)may be changed according to the
situation.
Therefore,the CIM calculation bus(Middleware)is
the system that relates the provider services with the
customer dynamically,veriyfing the data according to
CIM—XML semantic.and also identiyfing the system
that required the data,acting as an intermediary
between the provider and the customer of the
inforillation.
5.Conelusions
The methodology used in the research project
studied the global patterns of information exchange in
the area of transmission and distribution of electricity
,
understanding the state of the art of the theme and also
how to use it with the technologies adopted by AES
Eletropaulo【5,6】.
The specifications necessary for the generation of a
data integrtaion model,that is adaptable to overhead
radials and underground reticulated distribution
feeders present in the area of the company’s
concession,were researched and defined.
Considering the existence of many corporative
systems and the criticaliyt of integration and
connectiviyt between these systems,the definition for
a specific semantics for the electricity sector was an
important goal achieved by the project.The interface
between systems, considering both corporative
systems and specialized systems for electrical
calculations,has a cost that can be minimized with
appropriate integration strategies.The strategy used
was the definition and use of an interface layer known
as CIM,created and maintained by EPRI and
regulated by the IEC.
The project developed
an intermediate layer of
CIM—based connectivity
that enables enterprise
systems talk in a standardized manner,through the use
of integrative technologies.
Thus,it was possible to model all the main objects
of a grid,in an open,extensible and non-proprietary
970 Common Information Model:A Bus Services for Electric Calculations in AES Eletropaulo
way.in a model that contains classes and attributes of
these objects,as well as the relationships between
them.The model was developed in line with the
known major initiatives,and supported by world
standards for interface between systems,formatting
information in a pluggable and extensible system with
open technologies,in accordance to the Brazilian
requirements and patterns.
Aspects related to time integration(timing)and
availability of the data integration layer were analyzed
and addressed.The foundations of connectivity
modules were integrated with electrical calculation
systems and geographic information systems.Thus,it
is now available as a reference for the company to
extend this technology to its other systems,for
example,measurement systems,billing systems and
other systems calculations.
The products of calculation and planning were
integrated into the defined layer technology,so that
the old extractors have become obsolete,for now the
integration layer provides the calculation inputs.The
elimination of extractors brings direct benefits,to the
elimination of programming codes that introduce
additional errors in data transfer,in addition to
improving performance,reducing costs and especially
the efforts of integrtaion and interoperability.
This new technology is a proof of concept that can
be extended to other applications,enabling integration
in the future.In traditional systems the company will
require adaptation and migration,and the experience
gained in this project with the applications of
electricaI calc ̄alations can be reused in these activities.
Acknowledgments
The authors would 1ike to thank the c0ntributi0ns of
Terry Saxton,offered during the CIM users meeting in
Vasteras,Sweden,2008.These contributions were
important ofr the development of this paper.
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