英语必修三单词unit3

高一英语必修3 Unit 3

一． 词汇讲解：

1. birthplace n.出生地，故乡 be home to

eg：Qufu is the birthplace of Confucius.

构词法：birth n. 出生 place n.地方 如：birthday

2. bring up 照料，教育，抚养

eg：The child was brought up by his grandparents.

bring in 产生，带进，引入，赚钱

bring down 使倒下，使崩溃，降低

bring forward 提出，提前

bring about

3. novel n.小说 novelist n.小说家

eg：The famous novelist wrote lots of novels which were classic.

I’ve got a collection of novels of ……

novel adj.新奇的

eg：She came up with a novel solution to the problem.

4. adventure n. 奇遇，冒险

a spirit of adventure 冒险精神

adventurous adj.冒险的

an adventurous voyage 冒险的航行

5. scene n.（戏剧）一场，现场，景色

on the scene 在现场

eg：Othelo Act Ⅰ, Scene Ⅱ《奥赛罗》第2场第1幕

examine the scene of the accident 检查事故现场

The boat in the harbor was a beautiful scene.

海港里的轮船构成一幅美丽的景象。

词义辨析：view, scene ,scenery sight landscape 都含有“所看到的东西”的意

思

view 系常用词，指（1）“能看到的或视野之内的实物”

eg：My view is cut off by the building..

我的视野被楼房挡住了。

（2）观点（饱览……）

to get a good view of ……

scene 指“展现在眼前的风景，景色，景象”，常译为场景

eg：I enjoy seeing the scene of kids playing.

scenery 指“景色，风光”（包括sb./ sth./ action）

eg：I like mountain scenery very much. 我很喜欢山景。

sight 往往指视力或视觉的作用，眼界，视域

eg：There is no boat in sight. 看不见一只船。

out of sight, out of mind

landscape 风景，景色，往往指自然风光

eg：landscape painting 风景画

6. bet n.赌，打赌

make a bet 打赌 win /lose a bet 赌赢/赌输

make a bet with sb 与某人打赌

bet v.打赌，赌钱；断定，肯定

eg：I don’t want to bet with you. 我不想和你打赌。

I bet it will rain tomorrow. 我肯定明天会下雨。

7. wander 漫步，徘徊，流浪

wander through the countryside 在乡间漫步

wander about 闲逛，相当于 hang out

wander through 在……游荡，漫步

注意与wonder 的区别 eg：They are wondering whether they should fight

for the rights for robots and machine.

8. permit v.允许，许可 其用法与allow / forbid 相同

（1）permit/ allow doing sth 允许做……

（2）permit/ allow sb to do sth 允许某人做……

（3）sb be permitted/ allowed to do sth 某人被允许做……

注意：allow ≥ permit

allow 允/准许 sb/ sth 进/出

eg：The sign reads “Dogs and Chinese aren’t allowed in”.

permit n.通行证，许可证

eg：You can’t drive the car out of the garage without a permit. 没有通行

证，你不能将车开出车库。

9. go ahead 前进，继续（同意别人的要求/请求）

eg：May I use your dictionary? Go ahead.

10. by accident = accidentally = by chance 偶然

eg： I met my exgirlfriend in the street by accident.

反义词：on purpose / by design 故意 by mistake 错误地

11. stare at 凝视 ~ into space/ darkness

gaze at 凝视（长时间的）

glance 匆匆一看 glimpse 瞥一眼

be staring （1）obvious 显而易见的/明摆着

（2）be certain to happen 必定发生

（3）不可避免的

They were staring defeat in the face.

be staring sb /sth in the face

12. fault n.缺点，过错（含有责任之意）

eg：It’s not my fault, but yours.

mistake 普通用语，无责任之意 I made a mistake.

error 常指技术上的错误 program error 程序错误

13. spot n.斑点，污点 spotless = perfectly clean

eg：She disguised the spots on her face with make-up.

她用化妆品遮盖脸上的斑点。

spotted adj.有花/斑点的 spot check 抽查

a scenic spot Beauty spot sunspot

spots 粉刺 The spot upsets/ bothers/ troubles teenagers.

spot v.发现，认出

eg：A puma has been spotted in the forest.

14. account n.账目，说明，理由

have an account with the bank 在银行里有户头

open an account

take account of sth =take sth into account 考虑到……

eg：Taking his age into account, I think he does well.

account vt.认为 vi.说明 account for 解释，导致

eg：We account him faithful.

Nobody can account for the fact that one of the boxes is extremely heavy.

count v. 重要

15. seek v. 寻找 seek—sought—sought

seek for 寻找 seek out 找出

seek a shelter from the rain 寻找一个避雨的地方

hide—and—seek 捉迷藏

16. patience n.耐性，忍耐

have no patience 没有耐性

have a little patience 有点耐性

have no patience with 不能容忍

patient adj.有耐心的 n. 病人

be patient with sb 对某人有耐心

17. on the contrary = to the contrary 相反

eg：On the contrary, you will try even harder next time.

他们反而会重整旗鼓，再接再厉。

18. desert n. 沙漠 v. 遗弃，抛弃

dessert n. 甜点

a woman deserted by her husband

19. take a chance= take a risk 冒险

try one’s luck

20. manner n. （1）方式，方法（常用单数）

the manner of speaking

（2）举止，态度

I don’t like your manner. 我不喜欢你的态度。

（3）礼貌，常用其复数形式 politeness rudeness

have no manners 没礼貌，不懂规矩

21. genuine adj. 真的，真诚的，名副其实的 反义：fake

a genuine painting by Tom

a genuine person 一个真诚的人

Is the calligraphy a genuine of Wang Xizhi?

He likes to wear fake designer jewelry.

artificial 人工造的，非自然的

an artificial flower/ light

The “One tree making a forest” in front of the minorities village is

artificial.

22. indeed 真正地，确实

eg：He is indeed a remarkable painter.

他确实是个杰出的画家。

A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。

23. as for 至于，关于

As for the date of my wedding, I will tell you later.

24. bow v. 鞠躬

make a bow to sb 向某人鞠躬

二． 课文知识点排查：

1. He is best known for his novels set in his boyhood world on the river ,

such as……

a.此处 set 为过去分词，做后置定语修饰novels be well-known for

因……而出名 such as 例如，用来举例

2. “Twain” loved the river so much that even his pen name is about the

river.

so …that 如此…以至于，that 后为结果状语从句，如果将so 提前，需倒装：So

much did “Twain” love the river that his …

3. At this moment, they see a penniless young man wandering on the

pavement

此处see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 see sb do sth 意为看见某人做了某

事

4. It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in London and

does not know what he should do.

此句是一个有争议的句子，在结构上为一个强调句，但如果“it”指代的是前文中提

到的那个不确定身份的人的话，则后面的“who”引导的为一定语从句，an American

businessman 为同位语，be lost in译为“遗失”，know后又接了一个宾语从句。

5. I wonder if you’d mind us asking a few questions.

mind doing sth 或 mind sb doing sth 介意（某人）做某事，注意此处的sb如

果为代词，可以选择人称代词的宾各形式或者形容词性物主代词

6. His eyes stare at what is left of the brother’s dinner on the table.

此句中stare at 意为“盯着看”后面接了一个宾语从句，be left 意为剩下，留下

7. I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind

此句中carried …为过去分词短语作宾语补足语，由于“carried”与“myself”之

间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。

8. I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.

a. give up for lost 认为（某人）已无生还希望

b. when 引导的为一时间状语从句

9. It was the ship that brought you to England. 此句为一强调句，其结构为：

It be +强调部分+that/who+其它成份

eg：It was in this factory that I met you for the first time. It is Mary

who did me a favor at last.

10. The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand,

which accounts for my appearance.

此句中包含两个从句，一个为“that”连接的表语从句，另一个为“which”引导的

限制性定语从句，此处不能将其改为“that”。也可以将此句做一下修改，可以将标语从

句改为同位语从句，该后为：The fact that I earned my passage by working as an

unpaid hand accounts for my appearance.

11. Why don’t you explain what this is all about

a. Why don’t you = why not 后接动词原形，译为“为什么不做某事”，用来提

建议

b. explain 后为一个宾语从句，其中“what”作介词“about”的宾语

12. It’s amazing how much pleasure you get out of the …… 此处it 为形式

主语，how much 后的句子才是真正的主语。主语从句主要有以下几种形式：

a. 连接词为that的主语从句（主语从句为陈述句）

eg: That he won the match excited us.

b. 连接词为wether的主语从句（主语从句为一般疑问句）

eg: Wether we should go there tomorrow is still under discussion.

c. 连接词为wh-之类的特殊疑问词（主语从句为特殊疑问句）

eg: Who stole my money is unclear.

d. it 作形式主语的主语从句

常见的有以下几种形式：

it + be + adj. + that It is important that we should study English hard.

it + be + 分词 + that It is reported that a strange disease has been

detected.

it + be + n. + that It is a pity that I didn't see you off at the airport.

it + seem / appear / happen / matter + that It seems that it will rain.