2023-2024学年广东省东莞外国语学校高二上学期10月月考英语试题

2023-2024

学年广东省东莞外国语学校高二上学期

10

月月考英语试题

A New Campaign to Stress the Benefits of a Balanced Diet

Look out for a new TV campaign, entitled “Eat Balanced”, which will highlight the continued

benefits of eating meat and dairy (

奶制的

) products as part of a balanced diet.

Introduction

The campaign spearheaded by the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board (AHDB) will

appear on TV, social media and supermarket packaging and aims to highlight the nutritional benefits

of enjoying red meat and dairy, while showing Britain’s world-class standards in food production

and sustainability.

Basis

The campaign will be built on the following three key messages about meat and diary products:

●Meat and dairy products contain vitamin B12, an essential nutrient not naturally present in vegan

diet;

●Red meat and dairy products from Britain are produced to world-class standards;

●Red meat and dairy products from Britain are among the most sustainable in the world.

The Aim

AHDB is conveying a message to consumers for a bright new year—enjoy the food you eat.

AHDB’s Chief Communications and Market Development Officer Christine Watts says, “In Britain,

we have so much to be proud of when it comes to the food we eat, how it’s produced and the entire

journey from farm to fork. Our farmers operate farms in the excellent way, so our food meets the

international criterion. This campaign is aimed to balance the negative commentary around farming,

as well as highlight the importance of eating meat and dairy products as part of a balanced and

healthy diet.”

1. What is the new campaign based on?

A

．

British eating habits.

C

．

Some supermarket regulations.

2. What message does Christine Watts convey?

A

．

British food is up to standard.

C

．

British farmers are fond of meat.

B

．

British food is short of supply.

D

．

British farmers are hard-working.

B

．

Corporate advertising.

D

．

Some important food information.

3. What section of a magazine is the text most probably taken from?

A

．

Society and economy.

C

．

Industry and production.

B

．

Health and diet.

D

．

Agriculture and farming.

As you walk around the UK in March, you might notice that some people are wearing a daffodil(

水

仙花

) on their coats. The British wear these yellow flowers to show they support one of this

country’s best-known charities: the Marie Curie Cancer Care.

The Marie Curie Cancer Care tries to ensure everyone diagnosed with cancer is cared for in the best

possible way. It also helps fund research into possible cures through other organizations. Founded in

1948, it has been continuing with its goal ever since.

The charity was named after Marie Curie, a renowned scientist. She experimented with newly-

discovered elements to create the theory of radioactivity. Unfortunately, over-exposure to the

radioactive elements made her develop a disease and die in 1934. Marie Curie won the Nobel Prize

in two different fields. Because of her pioneering work which led to chemotherapy (

化学疗法

), the

charity shared the name of Marie Curie.

The daffodil is one of the first plants to flower during spring in the UK, which marks the return of

flowering plants to the ecosystem after winter. Because of this, the charity uses the daffodil as a

metaphor for bringing life to other people through charitable giving.

Everyone you see wearing a daffodil has donated money to the charity, but each daffodil is worth

only what you want to pay for it. The charity does ask that you stick to a minimum amount of £1.

The charity encourages people to start wearing their daffodils at the start of March, when the “Great

Daffodil Appeal” kicks off. But that doesn’t mean you can only wear them in March. People are

sometimes seen walking around with daffodils on their clothes all year round.

4. What does it mean when the British wear a daffodil on their coats?

A

．

They support a charity.

C

．

They’ve been helped by a charity.

B

．

They are recovering from cancer.

D

．

They’ve been diagnosed with cancer.

5. What does the underlined word “renowned” in paragraph 3 mean?

A

．

Beautiful. B

．

Modest. C

．

Famous. D

．

Humorous.

6. Why was the charity named after Marie Curie?

A

．

Because patients required that.

C

．

Because she greatly supported it.

B

．

Because it was launched by her.

D

．

Because it could show respect for her.

7. What can we learn about the daffodil from the text?

A

．

It can be used as medicine.

C

．

It’s widely worn worldwide.

Health food is a general term applied to all kinds of food that is considered more healthy than the

types of food sold in supermarkets. For example, whole grains, dried beans, and corn oil are health

food. A narrower classification of health food is natural food. This term is used to distinguish

between types of the same food. Raw honey is a natural sweetener, while refined sugar is not. Fresh

B

．

It’s thought to stand for hope.

D

．

It’s sold to the wearers at a high price.

fruit is a natural food, but canned fruit, with sugars and other additives (

添加剂

), is not. The most

exact term of all and the narrowest classification within health food is organic food, used to describe

food that has been grown on a particular kind of farm. Fruits and vegetables that are grown in

gardens, that are treated only with organic fertilizers, that are not sprayed with poisonous

insecticides (

杀虫剂

), and that are not refined after harvest, are organic food. Meat, fish, dairy and

poultry products from animals that are fed only on organically-grown feed and that are not injected

with hormones are organic food.

In choosing the type of food you eat, then, you have basically two choices: inorganic, processed

food, or organic, unprocessed food. A wise decision should include study of the reason why

processed food contains chemicals, some of which are proved to be poisonous and that vitamin

content is greatly reduced in processed food.

Bread is typically used by health food supporters as an example of a processed food. First, the seeds

from which the grain is grown are treated with a chemical which is extremely harmful. Later, the

grain is sprayed with a number of very deadly insecticides. After the grain has been made into flour,

it is made white with another chemical which is also poisonous. Next, a dough conditioner is added

along with a softener. The conditioner and softener are poisons, and in fact, the softener has

sickened and killed experimental animals. A very poisonous anti-fungal compound is added to keep

the bread from getting moldy.

Other food from the supermarket would show a similar pattern of processing and preserving. You

see, we buy our food on the basis of smell, color, and texture, instead of vitamin content, and

manufacturers give us what we want, even if it is poisonous. The alternative? Eat health foods,

preferably the organic variety.

8. What is the passage mainly about?

A

．

Poisons.

C

．

Processed food.

B

．

The processing of bread.

D

．

Health food.

9. What do all of the additives in bread have in common?

A

．

They are all used to keep the bread from getting moldy.

B

．

They are all organic.

C

．

They are all poisonous.

D

．

They have all killed laboratory animals.

10. What happens to food when it is processed?

A

．

The basic content remains the same.

B

．

Vitamin is not available after processing.

C

．

The vitamin content increases a bit.

D

．

The vitamin content is greatly reduced.

11. We normally buy food on the basis of________.

A

．

organic variety

C

．

refined contents

An 18, 000-year-old human genome has been sequenced as a consequence of genetic research of

ancient African skeletons, revealing information as to how the continent’s former people lived,

migrated, and reproduced.

In general, DNA cannot survive in Africa’s heat and damp for lengthy periods of time, and

researchers have never previously sequenced a sub-Saharan African human genome older than 9,000

years. The authors of this new study, on the other hand, regained genetic material from six people

buried between 5, 000 and 18, 000 years ago.

They also looked at the records of 28 previously reported individuals found at burial sites around the

continent, and these 34 people were from three unique source populations originating in northeastern,

central, and southern Africa after studying their DNA. This means that the continent was originally

inhabited by three distinct groups who must have lived in remote areas for long periods of time. The

combination of these three branches, on the other hand, suggests that genetic information was

exchanged between the three populations before 20, 000 years ago.

According to the authors of the study, this process began around 50, 000 years ago, because

archaeological records suggest an increase in the movement of products over great distances around

this time. People are thought to have started having offspring with partners from far-away places as

trading networks grew across the continent.

However, the genomic data shows that this long-range DNA interchange began to decline some 20,

000 years ago, implying that humans began reproducing with their immediate neighbors at that time.

According to the study’s authors, it may be due to the Last Glacial Maximum, when climate change

may have limited people’s mobility and pushed them to become more sedentary.

In a statement, study author Jessica Thompson noted, “At first, people found their mates from a wide

geographic pool. Further down the line, people valued partners who lived closer to them and were

perhaps more culturally similar.” Co-author Elizabeth Sawchuk added, “Perhaps it was because

previously established social networks allowed for the movement of information and technologies

without requiring people to migrate.”

12. What is the challenge of the DNA study in Africa?

A

．

Hot and wet climate.

C

．

Too many cultural exchanges.

B

．

Limited technology.

D

．

Complex human genomes.

B

．

beauty

D

．

color and texture

13. What caused the genetic information exchange around 50, 000 years ago?

A

．

Climate change.

C

．

Trades with distant groups.

B

．

Archaeological records.

D

．

Development in technology.

14. What is the meaning of the underlined word “sedentary” in Paragraph 5?

A

．

Stable. B

．

Diverse. C

．

Active. D

．

Reproductive.

15. What can we learn from the ancient social network according to the passage?

A

．

Distant social exchange was booming 50, 000 years ago.

B

．

Long-ranged DNA interchange started to occur 20, 000 years ago.

C

．

Communication with people from similar cultures was always favored.

D

．

Migration declined when social networks for information became mature.

Green is an important color in nature. It is the color of grass and the leaves on trees. It is also the

color of most growing plants. 16 For example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience, who

is new to a situation. In the 15th century, a greenhorn was a young cow or ox whose horns had not

yet developed. 17 By the 18th century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today—a person who is

new in a job. About 100 years ago,greenhorn was a popular expression in the west of America. 18

The greenhorn lacked the skills he would need to live in the hard, rough country.

Someone who has the ability to grow plants well is said to have a green thumb. 19 A person with a

green thumb seems to have a magic touch that makes plants grow quickly and well. You might say

that the woman next door has a green thumb if her garden continues to grow long after your plants

have died.

Green is also the color used to describe the powerful feeling, jealousy(

嫉妒

). The green-eyed

monster is not a frightening creature from outer space. It is an expression used about four hundred

years ago by British writer William Shakespeare in his play “Othello”. 20 A young man may suffer

from the green-eyed monster if his girlfriend begins going out with someone else. Or that green-eyed

monster may affect your friend if you get a pay rise and she does not.

A

．

The plants produced much larger crops

．

B

．

The expression comes from the early 1900s.

C

．

Sometimes, it describes something that is not yet ripe or finished.

D

．

Later, it meant a soldier who had not yet had any experience in battle.

E

．

It was used to describe a man who just arrived from one of the big cities

．

F

．

It was the result of hard work by agricultural scientists who had green thumbs

．

G

．

It describes the unpleasant feeling a person has when someone has something he wants.

My husband and I booked a fall foliage (

叶子

) tour up the Hudson River. We were really excited to

see all the changing colors of the leaves in their full glory.

It was a beautiful day. We were a little ________ since none of the leaves in our backyard seemed to

be changing color. But we ________ that as we motored farther north, it would be a ________ story.

However, through the whole trip, there was only the occasional sight of yellow and orange. It was

not the fall foliage tour we had ________.