Unit3SportsandFitnessLanguagePoints2知识点讲义高中英语人教版_百

B1Unit 3 Language Points 2

Period 5 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking

1. pete (vi.) 竞争；对抗

... if he/she is peting for his/her country. ……如果他/她在为他/她的国家比赛。

In the petitive(adj.) English Speech petition, they peted with/against their opponents/petitors(n.) for the

honour of their countries.

在激烈的英语讲演比赛中，他们为了国家的荣誉与他们的对手比赛。

petitive games/sports 竞技性的比赛/体育运动

gain a petitive advantage over sb 占有超越某人的竞争优势

词义关联：contest (n.) 比赛；竞赛 an English speech contest

2. pretend (v.) 假装；装扮

A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.

一个足球运动员不应该假摔，即使这对他/她的团队有帮助。

When the boss came in, the workers pretended to be working hard on their machines.

老板进来时，工人们假装在机器上努力工作。（假装正在做某事）

The boy pretended to have fallen asleep when his father came back.

这个男孩在父亲回来时假装睡着了。(假装做过某事)

词义关联：seem to do sth 似乎要做某事

3. cheat (vi.) 作弊；舞弊 (vt.) 欺骗；蒙骗 (n.) 欺骗手段；骗子

You should never cheat. 你永远都不应该作弊。

He was caught cheating in the exam. 他考试作弊被抓了。(catch sb doing当场发现某人做某事)

He is a cheat (n.), cheating her into voting for him and she didn’t feel cheated until he won the election.

他是个骗子，骗她给他投票，直到他选举获胜她才感觉上当受骗了。（骗某人做某事）

His petitors cheated him out of the champion of the petition. 他的对手施展伎俩，不让他获得比赛的冠军。

（(尤指用不诚实或不正当手段)阻止某人得到某物）

词义关联：trick/fool (v.) sb into doing sth 骗某人做某事

4. make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚

That doesn’t make any sense！那没有任何意义！= That makes no sense.

It makes sense to buy the most uptodate version. 买最新版是明智的。

I can’t make sense of the sentence, no matter how I read it.

这个句子不管我怎么读就是不理解。

The sentence doesn't make (any) sense no matter how I read it.

不管我怎么读，这个句子就是讲不通。

There’s no sense in worrying/It is not sensible(adj.理智的；合理的) to worry about the result now.

现在大可不必为结果担忧。（做某事没有意义）

词义关联：there is no point in doing sth 做某事没有意义

5. audience (n.) 观众；听众

An audience of millions watched the wedding on TV. 几百万观众在电视上观看了婚礼。

[C.] a number of people or a particular group of people who watch, read or listen to the same thing （同一

事物的）观众；听众；读者

Harry Potter series reached an even wider audience when they were made into movies.

哈利波特系列被搬上银幕后赢得了更广大的观众。

The target audience for this advertisement was mainly teenagers.

这个广告的目标观众主要是十几岁的青少年。

词义关联：viewer (n.) 电视观众；观看者

6. join a team 加入队伍

7. the Sports Day 运动会/日

8. even if/though 即使；尽管

9. millions of 数百万

10. play sports 进行体育运动

11. fall down 跌倒；失败；倒塌

12. fair play 公平竞争；平等对待

13. on the final lap 在最后一圈

14. the spirit of sportsmanship([U.] 运动员风范，体育精神) 体育精神

15. back sb up =support sb 支持某人

16. I can’t agree more. 我非常赞同。

17. Not exactly./ Exactly. 不全是；不尽然。/正是如此；一点不错。

Additional Accumulation

voice your opinion表达你的观点 give your voice to sth (express your feelings, worries,etc) 表露心声；表

白心迹 want fair play 想要公平竞争 Volunteers are wanted! 需要志愿者

play soccer/badminton/chess 踢足球/打羽毛球/下棋 play the piano/the violin 弹钢琴/拉小提琴

in the way 妨碍；挡路 in no way 绝不 on/along the way 在路上；在途中/沿路

join the team 加入队伍 be on/in the team 在队里；是...的队员 team up with sb 与...合作；结成一队

agree with sb on sth 同意某人某事 agree to do sth 答应/同意做某事

Your words should agree with your deeds. 你的话应该与你的行为一致。

do/try one’s best to do sth; spare no effort to do sth; make every effort to do sth; go all out for sth/to do sth

全力以赴做某事；不遗余力做某事 have a good chance of success 很有机会获胜

Chances = It is 有可能... I mean it. 我是认真的。/我说真的。

sth means a lot/ much/ everything/ little to sb 某事对某人来说意义重大/至关重要/不重要

Period 6 Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress & Video Time

1. positive (adj.) 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的

Going positive! 积极向上！

When facing challenges, she is always positive about herself and holds/takes a positive attitude to life, which

has a positive effect/influence on people around her. Therefore, they all begin to think positively(adv.).

遇到挑战时，她总是积极看待自己，对生活采取积极的态度，这对她周围的人产生了积极的影响。因为，

大家都开始从积极肯定的角度来思考。

词义关联：negative (adj.) 消极的 optimistic (adj.) 乐观的

2. slim (adj.) 苗条的；单薄的

She has a slim figure and keeps slim by eating slimming food. 她的身材苗条。通过吃减肥食品来保持苗条。

a slim/fat chance of success 成功的可能性不大

slim(v.) down (靠节食等)变苗条，减肥；精简（机构），裁减（人员）；减少（岗位）

词义关联：thin(adj.) 瘦的； bony(adj.) 瘦骨嶙峋的 skinny(adj.) 极瘦的；干瘦的；皮包骨的

3. diet (n.) 规定饮食；日常饮食 (v.) 节食

I worried about my weight and tried every new diet I read about online.

我十分担心我的体重，也尝试了网上看到的每一种新的减肥饮食方案。

To keep fit, we should have/keep a balanced diet and take exercise every day.

为了保持健康，我们应该拥有/保持均衡的饮食，每天锻炼。

He went on a diet two weeks ago and has been on a diet/been dieting(vi.) for two weeks.

他两个星期前开始节食，已经节食了两个星期了。

try a sugarfree/nofat/lowfat diet 尝试无糖/不含脂肪/低脂饮食

4. 与...比较

Finally, I stopped paring myself with actresses 最后，我不再拿自己跟女演员和模特相比

We carefully pared the first report and/with/to the second. pared with/to（在句中作状语）the second report,

the first was more detailed. =By/In parison with (与...相比)

我们仔细比较了第一份报告和第二份报告。与第二份报告相比，第一份更详细。

Lily does well in her studies. No one in our class can pare with/to her.

Lily 成绩很好。我们班没人能和她相比。(to be similar to sb/sth else, either better or worse与...相似/类似)

Shakespeare pared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚将世界比作舞台。

beyond/without pare (n.) better than anything else of the same kind 无与伦比；举世无双

the inparable charm of the West Lake； 西湖无与伦比的魅力

词义关联：contrast (v.) A with/and B 把A与B加以对比

5. stress (n.) 压力；紧张；重音 (vt.) 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 (vi.) 焦虑不安

Stress How can you plan your work and make sure that you also have time to rest and relax?

压力 你如何计划你的工作并确保你也有时间休息和放松呢？

suffer from/cope with (emotional/mental) stress 有/应对（情感/精神）压力

Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress. 人在压力之下时，事情就容易出差错。

Jogging puts/lays/places a lot of stress on your knee joints.

慢跑使膝关节承受很大的压力。(给...增加压力；强调，重视)

The headmaster stressed(v.) the importance of a good education at the meeting.

校长在会上强调了接受良的重要性。

I didn’t know it was a stressful (adj. 压力重的；紧张的) job so I always feel stressed out(adj. 焦虑不安；心

力交瘁). 我不知道这是一份压力很大的工作，因此总是心力交瘁。

词义关联：emphasise/emphasize (v.) 强调；重视 lay/put/place emphasis(n.) on 强调/重视某事

6. make a difference 有作用或影响

I had no idea a letter could make such a difference! 我没有料到一词之差，区别竟如此之大！

Eating a balanced diet can really make a big/huge/great difference. 均衡饮食真的有很大的作用。

It makes no/little difference to me whether you carry out a survey or not. 你做不做调查对我来说没有影响。

词义关联：have an effect/influence/impact on 对...有影响= influence/impact(v.) on sth

7. cut ...out 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下

Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals.

我不再拒绝我喜爱的食物，而是在自己的三餐中添加健康食品。

I’ve been advised to cut sugar out of my diet. 有人劝我饮食要忌糖。

cut out the unimportant details 删去不重要的细节

词义关联：cut off 中断（ 通话）；停止，中断（供给）；切掉，砍掉；

cut in (on sb/sth) 打断（谈话）；插嘴 cut up 切碎；使伤心 cut down (自根基部分)砍倒；

The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking. 医生劝他少喝酒。（削减，缩小(尺寸、数量或数目)）

8. rather (adv.) 相当；有点儿 rather than 而不是

用于连接并列成分，连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、动词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、动名词或

句子。

Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight. 一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重...

He is kindhearted rather than foolish. 他是好心而不是傻。

I’d like to pay by cheque rather than in cash. 我想要支票支付而不是用现金。

He asked me how I found the hole rather than how I escaped.

他问我是怎么发现这个洞的，而不问我是怎样逃出来的。

I would fail rather than give up the idea.

I would rather fail than give up the idea.

I prefer to fail rather than give up the idea. 我宁愿失败也不愿放弃这个想法。

词义关联：more than: 超过；不仅仅；非常 other than: 除了

9. a wellness book 关于健康的书

10. exchange ideas about fitness 交流关于健康的想法

11. go bananas 发怒；发疯；犯傻

12. instead of 代替；作为...的替换

13. do 30 pushups 做30个俯卧撑

14. add healthy foods to one’s meals 在自己的三餐中添加健康食品

15. now and then 有时；偶尔 =at times /from time to time/ once in a while

16. make a list of sth 把...列成清单

17. show similarities and differences 展现异同

18. go jogging 去慢跑

19. make exercise enjoyable 使锻炼变得愉快

20. make an error 犯错

21. play a role in 扮演角色；起作用

22. set up a new sports club 成立一个新的体育俱乐部

23. play oneonone sports 进行一对一的运动

24. prefer team sports 更喜欢团队运动

25. extreme sports 极限运动

Additional Accumulation

exchange a glance with sb 与某人交换眼神 exchange a few words with sb 和某人说几句话

It’s a deal.=I agree to your terms. 就这么办吧。 That’s not a big deal. 这没什么大不了的。

change for the better 好转；改善 change into a suit/get changed 换上西装/换衣服

eight in/out of ten 十分之八

have a go/try/shot at sth = make an attempt to do 尝试，试图做某事= give it a go/shot

push oneself mentally and physically在精神上和身体上督促自己

interact with sb 与某人互动/交流 a winwin situation 双赢的局面

My mind went blank. 我大脑一片空白。/go blind失明/go deaf变聋/go bad变质

go+ adj.: to bee different in a particular way, especially a bad way 变成，变为，变得（尤指朝坏的方面）