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2024年3月25日发(作者：0x0000007e)
英语中有许多拼写相近的单词,
有的仅一个字母之差,意义却相差较远,可谓"貌"相近,意相远.因
其"貌"近,难辨者众,常指鹿为马.其实这些词有很多都是同"根"生的"兄弟姐妹"
。因此咱们试图把
某些常常利用"
貌"近之词依"貌"分组列出,结合构词法分析其"根",配以语句进行对比,希望能帮
忙英语学习者辨其"貌",知其意.
1. inspect, respect, expect, prospect
"貌
"同处spect,词根:看.各相异处前缀in-:里面、内,in + spect "看里面"乃为"检查";
re-:反复、回
,re+ spect "转头反复看"是为"尊重";ex-:外面、出,ex + spect "看外面"是在"期
待";pro-:前、朝前,pro+ spect "朝前看"就是"展望、前景".
(1) The customs inspectors are inspecting the outgoing baggage.
海关稽察员正在检查出关的行李.
(2) The candidate is widely respected and expected to be elected mayor of this
city. 候选人广受尊重
,有望被选为该市市长.
(3) I see little much prospect of his company. 我看他公司发展前景渺茫
.
2. expose, propose, dispose, compose, oppose, impose
"貌
"同处pos,词根 + 结尾字母e:放置.各相异处前缀ex-:外面、出,ex + pose "摆出来"是为"
揭发、暴露";pro-:前、朝前,pro + pose "向前呈"引为"提出、提议";dis-:分开,dis + pose "分开
放置"引为"布置、安排";com=con-:一路、一路,com + pose "放到一路"即为"组成、组成";op-:
相反,op + pose "置于相反位置"引为"招架";im=in:内、里面,im + pose "把……硬置于里面"乃"
把……强加".
(1) The leaders opposed the idea of exposing these photos to the public.
领导们反对将这些照片公之于众.
(2) Man proposes; God disposes. 谋事在人
,成事在天.
(3) Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氢和氧组成的
.
(4) The director always attempts to impose his idea into every decision that is m
ade by his office staff. 这位主任老是企图把他的个人意见强加于全部工作人员的每一项
决定之上
.
3. express, impress, depress, compress
"貌
"同处press,词根:压.各相异处前缀ex-:外面、出,ex + press "把……压出"引为"表示、表明
";im=in:内、里面,im + press "压入"乃"铭刻、给留下深刻印象";de-:向下,de + press "使压下"
就是"使沮丧";com=con-:一路、一路,com + press "压在一路"即为"紧缩".
(1) Children are encouraged to express feelings of sadness which they may be h
olding inside. 应当鼓励孩子们把他们可能藏在心里的不愉快表达出来
.
(2) His words are strongly impressed on my memory. 他的话深深地铭刻在我心上
.
(3) News of his father’
s death depressed Mr. Zhou; he felt as if a heavy weight had been placed on his spirit.
父亲归天的消息使周先生消沉,他感到心里恍如压了一块重石.
(4) Compress your composition into a shorter one within 100 words.
把你的作文缩写成100
字之内的短文.
4. contribute, distribute, attribute
"貌
"同处tribute,词根:贡品、献礼.各相异处前缀con-:一路、一路,con + tribute "贡品一路"
引为"贡献、捐献";dis-:分开,dis + tribute "分贡品"就是"分发";at- 可表原因,at + tribute "表述
奉献贡品之由"引为"归因于".
(1) Song Dynasty contributed three inventions to world civilization.
宋朝有三大发明对世界文明做出了贡献.
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