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2024年3月26日发(作者：请问嵌入式培训哪家好)

语言学教程(修订版)

练习参考答案修订版

第一章 语言学导论 1

第二章 语音 3

第三章 词汇 8

第四章 句法 11

第五章 语义 15

第六章 语言与思维 18

第七章 语言、文化与社会 20

第八章 语用 21

第九章 语言与文学 24

第十章 语言与计算机 25

第十一章 语言学与外语教学 28

第十二章 现代语言学的学派与理论

第一章 语言学导论

30

1. Define the following terms:

1) design features: are features that define our human languages,

such as arbitrariness, duality, creativity, displacement, cultural

transmission, etc.

2) function: the role language plays in communication (e.g. to

express ideas, attitudes) or in particular social situations (e.g.

religious, legal).

Language functions include informative function (also ideational

function), interpersonal function, performative function, emotive

function, phatic communion, recreational function and metalingual

function.

3) etic: a term in contrast with emic which originates from

American linguist Pike’s distinction of phonetics and phonemics. Being

etic means making far too many, as well as behaviorsly inconsequential,

differentiations, just as was often the case with phonetic vs. phonemic

analysis in linguistics proper.

4) emic: a term in contrast with etic which originates from

American linguist Pike’s distinction of phonetics and phonemics. An

emic set of speech acts and events must be one that is validated as

meaningful via final resource to the native members of a speech

community rather than via appeal to the investigator’s ingenuity or

intuition alone.


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