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2024年4月13日发(作者：复制到剪贴板什么意思)
linux 重启 关机 代码流程
## English Answer:
### Shutdown Process.
When the shutdown command is executed, it initiates a
sequence of steps to gracefully halt the operating system
and prepare the system for power-off. Here's a simplified
overview of the shutdown process:
1. Signal Initialization: The shutdown command sends a
SIGTERM and SIGHUP signal to running processes, giving them
an opportunity to terminate gracefully and save any
necessary data.
2. Process Termination: Processes receiving the SIGTERM
signal terminate their operations and release any resources
they hold. Essential system services, such as the init
process, may be configured to ignore SIGTERM and continue
running.
3. Unclean Process Handling: If a process fails to
terminate after receiving SIGTERM, a SIGKILL signal is sent
to force the process to terminate.
4. File System Quiescing: The operating system ensures
that all file system buffers are flushed to disk and any
pending disk writes are completed. This prevents data loss
during the shutdown process.
5. Unmount Filesystems: The shutdown process unmounts
all filesystems except the root filesystem, which prevents
further file accesses and ensures a clean shutdown.
6. Power-Off Preparation: Once all processes are
terminated and filesystems are unmounted, the system
prepares for power-off. This may involve shutting down
hardware devices, such as network adapters and peripherals.
7. System Halt: Finally, the operating system initiates
a system halt, which involves stopping all running
processes and powering down the system.
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