雅思阅读预测真题库(同义替换)

Noviceandexpert

填空1-5

1Thenoviceneedstolearntheprinciplesandrulesofagiventaskinordertoperformthe

Generally,anovicewillfindamentortoguidehimthroughtheprocess

Needsto=requirestoundertheguidanceof

2Intime,andwithmuchpractice,thenovicebeginstorecognizepatternsofbehaviorswith

casesand,thus,becomesajourneyman.

Growsupto_____=becomes______

effortmadetobetterunderstand____=beginstorecognize_____

3thejourneymanstillmaintainsregularcontactwithamentortosolvespecificproblemand

learnmorecomplexstrategies

Solveproblems=tackleproblemsspecific=particularstrategy=tactic

判断

7Expertshaveadeeperunderstandingoftheirdomainsthannovicesdo,andutilizehigher-order

principlestosolveproblems.

Utilize=use=employ

8Adotheirjobslowlythanexpertsintheirdomains.

Intheirdomains=intheirfields

Expertsperformstasksintheirdomainfasterthannovicesandcommitfewererrorswhileproblem

solving.

10Novicespaymoreaattentiononreviewingsolutionswhenfaultsoccurintheprocess.

Expertsspendmoretimethinkingaboutaproblemtofullyunderstanditatthebeginningofatask

thandonovices,whoimmediatelyseektofindasolution.

Questions11-13

Mentalmodels=cognitivemodels

Inthelast3decades=Duringthelast30years

Manifestationsofhumanbias=formsofhumanbias

MuseumBlockbuster

18-21

Shiftfromvisitorstoward_____=havebecomecustomerratherthanvisitor

Definedmajorfactors=essentialrequirements

Resultin=accelerate

Combination=convergence

Proper=appropriate

Mainly=primary

22-23

Moneythatupdatepartsoftheircollectionortorepairbuildings=offermoneytorecover

architectures

Update,repair是对recover下义词buildings=architectures=constructions

withoff-budgetrevenue

24-26

tiredofworkloads=_____isexhaustingforstaff

Vagaries=fantasies

stressof_____=pressureof_____

SirFrancisRonaldsandTelegraph

27-31

Fellow=acquaintance

在原文替换中则是将其具体

化：HewasknightedbyQueenElizabeth1,forhis“earlyandremarkablelaborsintelegraphic

investigation”

32-35

Whatweregravedatcircuitinhisearlystageexperimentingarden?

....Engravedwithlettersofthealphabetandnumbers,synchronizedwitheeachother,atbothends

ofthecircuit.

36-40年代MATCHING题

Ronalds’sciencecontributiontometeorologicaldata

Hebeganworkonasystemforregisteringmeteorologicaldata.

对..有贡献...有时可以换成更具体的词汇这样类似的还有

Invented和patented有时同时出现

Bestcome-Consideratecomputing

1-6判断题

icatedlife,continuallyinterruptedbycompetingrequestsforattention,isasoldas

upted=disturbed

stoaddcumulativelytoafeelingoffrustration.对应在C段theyusuallyputupwithit

insteadoffeelingsickness.

usuallyhavemisperceptionaboutwhethertheyarebusyornot.

Mostpeoplearen’tasbusyastheythinktheyare,whichiswhywecanusuallytolerate

interruptionfromourinconsiderateelectronicparaphernalia.

填空题

Bestcomworkingprocess

7-8定位即答案

Intheoffice/outofoffice

Intheoffice:

9Ifcallersarenotindirectory,a_____willshowupontheirscreen.

Othersseeamessageontheircomputer.(主被动的替换)

10Callerscan__v_asuitabletimeforboth,ortheycanchoosetoleavea_n___touser.

...Offerstoreschedulethecallatatimethatisopenforboth..

Outoftheoffice

12-13

BestcomProvidessolutiontotransferyourcalltouser’s______ifthereisno_______inhis

schedule

Bestcomautomaticallyoffersforwardselectedcallerstohiscellphone-unlesshiscalendarand

otherevidencesuggestthatheisinameeting.

VideoGames’Unexpectedbenefitstohumanbrain.

14-17选择

Berepletewith=befullof

Videogamesgiveyourchild’sbrainarealworkout.=Videogamesimprovestheintellectualability

inseveralways.

Workout=practice

Inseveralways常常用一些具体表达所代替

Someofthementalskillstrainedbyvideogamesinclude:followinginstructions,problemsolving

logic,torandspatialskills.

Videogameshelpincreasethespeedofplayer’sreactioneffectively

Videogamescouldprovideapotenttrainingregimenforspeedingupreactioninmanytypesof

real-lifesituation

=speedingup

18-21

直接定位就好

Neurotransmitter心血管方面的药物

Neuro-心血管方面的...

22-26

22Alter=change

23Makequickdecision=makedecisionswithouthesitation.

24Videogamesaregoal-drivenexperienceswhicharefundamentaltolearning

=Videogamesarepurpose-motivatedexperiencesthatplayanbasicroleinstudying.

25Playersaregoodattacklingpromptissueswithfuturein-tensions

gamersmustdealwithimmediateproblemswhilekeepingtheirlong-termgoalsontheirhorizon

26Videoandcomputergamesalsohelpchildrengainselfconfidenceandmanygamesarebased

onhistory,

Inhelpschildrenopenuptheireyesinmanyaspectsandobtainself-confidence

FossilFiles-----thePaleobiologyDatabase

28-33heading

28.

pertsbelieveittobeseriously

slyflawed=error

thepaleobiologyDatabaseacknowledgethatthefossilrecordwillalwaysbe

....=

y,thedatabasehasthrownupsomesurprisingresults.

isdentificationorpoor

communicationbetweentaxonomistsindifferentcountries.

33.F段首句

34-36（人物信息matching）

recordisthebesttoolwehaveforunderstandinghowdiversityandextinctionworkin

Havingabackgroundextinctionestimategivesusabenchmarkforunderstanding

themassextinctionthat’wsustosayjusthowbadititinrelative

terms

thiskindofinformationinmuchmoredetailstoprotectallofbiodiversity,notjust

theonesweknowwell.

pointsoutthatstatisticwranglinghasbeenknowntocreatemassextinctionwherenone

occurredtremendousspeciesdieout=massdistinctionwrangling=contradictory

37-40

eable难以描绘的...=mystery

AnewIceAge

14-16

14概括题

15migrationseemsimpossibleforthereasonofclosedborders

theinabilitytomigratemayremoveoneofthemajorsafetynetsfordistressedpeople

16theheatisbroughttoEuropebythewindflow

Thismassivecolumnofcascadingcoldisthemainenginepoweringadeeperwatercurrentcalled

theGreatOceanConveyorthatsnakesthroughalltheworld’soceans

17-21Matching人物信息

17Arapidclimatechangewreaksgreatecologicalcrisis

AbruptClimateChange:

18MostAmericansarenotawareofthenextcoolingperiod.

healarmedthatAmericanshaveyettotakethethreatseriously

19Acasefachangeofoceanwaterismentionedinaconference

hehastermedthedropinsalinityandtemperatureinthe

LabradorSeaabodyofwaterbetweennortheasternCanadaandGreenlandthatadjoinsthe

Atlantic(caseexample等一般会用具体事物所代替)

20Globalwarmingacceleratestheadventoftheiceage

he(Joyce)explainshowsuchwarmingcouldactuallybethesurprisingculpritofthenextmini-ice

21thiskindofthingjustdoesn’

22-25略-----直接定位

Thepersuaders

1-4判断

arecarefulwith,sleek(圆滑的)tricksofsales,westillbuythingsfromskilled

persuaders

Theyemploythemostskilledimage-makersandusethebestpsychologicaltrickstoguarantee

thateventhemostcautionsamongusareopentomanipulation.

hopperscontributemoreprofitformerchants

Researchhasshownthat75percentofprofitcomesfromjust30percentofcustomers.

4Goodsalesmanknowsthatpeopleliketolisteninsteadofspeaking

itishumannaturetoprefertospeakratherthantolisten,andgoodsalespeoplepandertothis.

Panderto=caterfor迎合

5-9单选

6Useemotiontotouchcustomers=tapintoourfeeling

7sellthefightproductstorightperson

effectivesalespeopletryasfaraspossibletomatchtheirstyleofpresentingthemselvestohow

thebuyercomesacross

8closingthedeal=terminateadeal

9-13填空summary

zetheprofits=generatethemostprofits

12有问题

stomerfeeltheyareinthegroup,infashionads