广东省百校2023-2024学年高三下学期2月联合调研英语试题(含解析)

高三英语

注意事项：

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在答题卡上。

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3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选

项。

A

Suspension bridges, with their high towers and elegant spans（跨

度）, are achievements of engineering. This list covers the longest

main spans of suspension bridges around the world, not longest

total lengths, as those main central spans are where the real

engineering magic happens.

Osman Gazi Bridge, Türkiye

The Osman Gazi Bridge is a splendid suspension bridge. The bridge

was finished on July 1, 2016, and at the time, it was the longest

suspension bridge in Türkiye and the fourth longest in the world by

the length of its main central span, which measures 1,550 meters. It

reduced travel time between Istanbul and Izmir from six hours to

around five.

Great Belt Bridge, Denmark

The Great Belt Bridge connects the Danish islands Zealand and

Funen. The suspension bridge has a total length of 6,790 meters

and a main central span of 1,624 meters, making it the world’s sixth

longest main span—for now. It enabled a direct driving route from

mainland Europe to Sweden through Denmark.

1915 anakkale Bridge, Türkiye

The bridge’s construction, which began in March 2017 and

concluded in March 2022, was ambitious from the get-go.

Spanning the historic Dardanelles Strait in northwestern Türkiye,

the 1915 Canakkale Bridge is a symbol of national pride. Officially

the world’s longest suspension bridge, it stretches a remarkable

2,023 meters in its main central span.

Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge, China

Opened to traffic in October 2019, the Yangsigang Yangtze River

Bridge in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, is the longest suspension

bridge in China and the third longest suspension in the world. It

spans 1,700 meters across the famous Yangtze River. The bridge

notably has the world’s longest double-level bridge span,

accommodating various forms of transportation on its two levels.

21．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text

A．To make more new friends from different countries.

B．To introduce some suspension bridges fit for tourism.

C．To present the challenge of building suspension bridges.

D．To show suspension bridges with the longest main spans.

22．Which bridge has the longest main central span

A．Osman Gazi Bridge. B．Great Belt Bridge.

C.1915 Canakkale Bridge. D．Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge.

23．What is special about Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge

A．Its name’s origin. B．Its double-level design.

C．Its splendid views. D．Its construction difficulties.

B

A self-described “girly girl”, nine-year-old Zandra Cunningham was

constantly begging her parents for the latest beauty products. One

day her dad simply told her “no”, which inspired her to make her

own.

Zandra has been recognized by Entrepreneur magazine as one of

the youngest millionaires in America. When asked about her

experience as a child entrepreneur（企业家）, Zandra says, “It wasn’t

frightening. When you’re young, you don’t have that fear mentality.

‘Maybe it’s not going to work’ never really crossed my mind.” For

Zandra, it became a challenge to separate her personal interest

from what her customers actually wanted. “There were a lot of

things that I felt were good ideas, but they wouldn’t fit into the

market,” she says. Being part of the market herself, Zandra felt she

had a unique perspective that allowed her to truly listen and

respond to her customers.

It started as a hobby for Zandra and her mom. They’d play around

with different ingredients until they found formulas they liked

“through trial and error”. Slowly, they started transforming the

pastime into a brand. Zandra began selling her products at local

markets, and a few years later—when Zandra was 12 years

old—the family started a shop for Zandra Beauty. At the time,

Zandra Beauty was one of the first brands to offer plant-based and

organic beauty products at an affordable price. The 21-year-old

has essentially grown up alongside her brand—but her goals have

remained the same: “Our main focus is to push out amazing

products that are safe for everyone and the earth.”

“There’re so many brands doing similar things, but there’s still so

much room to grow,” says Zandra. “Your customers are out there,

and you just have to find something that’s going to set you apart.”

24．What can be inferred from Zandra’s words in paragraph 2

A．Her young mind made her fearless. B．Her parents supported her

greatly.

C．She had much precious experience. D．She was always very

caring.

25．Which of the following is the most important in Zandra’s

opinion

A．Sharing her personal interests. B．The diversity of hobbies.

C．Changing the global market. D．The need of customers.

26．What kind of product does Zandra mainly pursue

A．The one that is cheap and useful. B．The one that is enjoyed by

her mom.

C．The one that is created by trial and error. D．The one that is

reliable and eco-friendly.

27．What is Zandra’s attitude towards the future of her brand

A．Hopeful. B．Concerned. C．Doubtful. D．Relieved.

C

Most air conditioners and fridges rely on contracting and

expanding a liquid to either absorb or release large quantities of

heat. While these systems are relatively cheap and simple to

produce, they aren’t very efficient and require lots of energy.

Besides, many of the coolants （冷却剂） used are environmentally

harmful.

Now, Emmanuel Defay at the Luxembourg Institute of Science and

Technology and his colleagues have developed a coolant-free

refrigeration device made from the metals lead, scandium（钪） and

tantalum（钼）. It can reach maximum efficiencies of more than 60%,

almost double that of typical single-room air conditioning units.

The technology is based on a principle called electrocaloric cooling,

in which an electric field applied across a material changes the

direction of electric charges, causing a temporary increase in

temperature and a succeeding decrease when the electric field is

removed.

To make their cooling system, Defay and his colleagues piled up

eight strips of the material known as lead scandium tantalate,

which is electrocaloric, on top of one another and dipped them in a

heat-carrying liquid, silicone oil. When an electric field is switched

on and the strips heat up, the liquid moves to the right, and when

it cools down, it moves to the left, creating permanent regions of

hot and cold of about 20℃difference. These regions can be used as

hot and cold reservoirs from which the oil can be circulated

through pipes to cool or heat rooms or objects as desired.

“Although the efficiency of the device is theoretically 67%, the

efficiency of the current design is around 12%. This could be

improved if a better conductor of heat than the lead scandium

tantalate were found,” said Defay.

“A highest performance has been achieved by combining known

elements,” said NeilMathur at the University of Cambridge.

However, he added, the team only looked at the cooling power of

the pile of metal strips themselves, while it would be interesting to

see how the entire device performs together.

28．What does the author think of the system of traditional air

conditioners

A．Efficient. B．Expensive.

C．Highly energy-consuming. D．Environmentally-friendly.

29．What is the third paragraph mainly about

A．The aim of Defay and his colleagues. B．The material of the new

cooling system.

C．The proposal of Defay and his colleagues. D．The working

principle of the new cooling system.

30．What matters in the current efficiency of the device researched

by Defay’s team

A．The extensive experiments. B．The proper equipment.

C．The ideal temperature. D．The appropriate materials.

31．What’s the author likely to talk about next

A．The performance of the new cooling system. B．The research

team’s next arrangement.

C．The sales promotion of the new device. D．Neil Mathur’s

comments on the device.

D

A research model of dietary intake in 184 countries, developed by

researchers at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy

at Tufts University, estimates that poor diet contributed to over

14.1 million cases of type 2 diabetes（糖尿病） in 2018,

representing over 70% of new diagnoses globally. The analysis,

which looked at data from 1990 and 2018, provides valuable

insight into which dietary factors are driving the burden of type 2

diabetes in the world region.

Of the 11 dietary factors considered, 3 had an outsized

contribution to the rising global incidence of type 2 diabetes:

insufficient intake of whole grains, excesses of refined（精制的）rice

and wheat, and the overconsumption of processed meat. Factors

such as drinking too much fruit juice and not eating enough

non-starchy vegetables, nuts, or seeds, had less of an impact on

new cases of the disease.

“Our study suggests poor carbohydrate quality is a leading driver

of diet-attributable type2 diabetes globally, and with important

variation by nation and over time,” said senior author Dariush

Mozaffarian, Jean Mayer Professor of Nutrition. “These new

findings reveal critical areas for national and global focus to

improve nutrition and reduce devastating burdens of diabetes.”

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by the resistance of the body’s

cells to insulin（胰岛素）. Of the 184 countries included in the

Nature Medicine study, all saw an increase in type 2 diabetes cases

between 1990 and 2018, representing a growing burden on

individuals, families, and healthcare systems.

The analysis revealed that poor diet is causing a larger proportion

of total type 2 diabetes incidence in men versus women, in

younger versus older adults, and in urban versus rural residents at

the global level. Regionally, Central and Eastern Europe and Central

Asia, particularly in Poland and Russia, where diets tend to be rich

in red meat, processed meat, and potatoes, had the greatest

number of type 2 diabetes cases linked to diet.

32．How did researchers draw their conclusion

A．Through data analysis. B．Through follow-up visits.

C．Through doing experiments. D．Through worldwide surveys.

33．What does the underlined word “devastating” in paragraph 3

mean

A．Impressive. B．Destructive. C．Rewarding. D．Identical.

34．Which of the following is less likely to cause type 2 diabetes

A．Whole grains. B．Potatoes. C．Refined wheat. D．Processed meat.

35．What is the best title for the text

A．Diets determine the type of diabetes B．It is important to

improve nutrition

C．Type 2 diabetes is common globally D．Type 2 diabetes is linked

to poor diets

第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Negative people don’t do as well in any area of life including

school, work, family, or friendships as those who are more

optimistic and pleasant. Nobody enjoys spending time with

someone who complains or criticizes. Grateful people are happier,

kinder, more helpful, and more popular. 36 .

Catch your kid being wonderful

In everyday life, it is easy to focus on what is going wrong. Practice

being aware of those moments your child is doing something good,

kind, or brave. 37 .

Start a bedtime gratitude practice

Think about one thing in your life for which you are grateful. It can

be a person, an activity, a future plan or even a possession. Think

about how you have been or will be important in making that a

happy part of your life until you fall asleep. 38 . It is particularly

useful for a child or adult who has a hard time falling asleep.

39

Just like adults, kids are getting annoyed when they’re hungry, tired,

cold or otherwise uncomfortable. So do your best to give your

child a predictable routine of meals, playtime, outdoor time and

rest.

Celebrate being alive

40 . And they usually respond well when we encourage them to

focus on the goodness, surprises, and amazing beauty we can

always find here and now. Notice your child’s hopeful smile, your

neighbor’s flower garden, and colors that surround you. Say thank

you to those that brighten your day.

A．Avoid predictable negative experiences

B．Making this a habit leads to a deeper sleep

C．Be frequently, openly and intentionally grateful

D．Children are much better than adults at living in the moment

E．Fortunately, there are some simple ways to practice gratitude

F．Let your gratitude be the beginning of wonderful things to come

G．Show your child how much you appreciate their presence in

your life

第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填

入空白处的最佳选项。

I was born in 1898 in Marshall, Texas, the oldest of five kids. Papa

couldn’t 41 the money for me to go to school. If I had one 42 , it

was never learning how to read.

When I turned 65, I 43 , but I didn’t stop working. For the next 25

years, I 44 to my garden and did yard work for people nearby. I 45

all that when I was nearly 90．I ought to be 46 tired. But my eyes

were good and I got all my teeth. People around were always

trying to 47 me to use a walking cane. But the only 48 I ever saw

said I had the body of a 60-year-old.

One day, when I was walking down the street, a young fellow 49

me and handed me a piece of paper.

“What’s this ” I asked.

“It’s 50 about adult education classes at Lincoln Instructional Center.

Adults can study for their degrees, learn math, learn to read and

”

I 51 to hear the rest of what he said. Instead, I felt a warmth deep

down inside me. My lifelong wish was to learn to read. It was high

time for 52 . I got into the young man’s car and he drove a few

blocks to an old building. I knew it well—it was where all my seven

53 had gone to school. I had 54 the building so many times. But

this time it was 55 , because it was going to be my own school.