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圣才电子书
十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台
Chapter 7 Process of English Teaching in Schools
Section 1
After studying this section, have you learned
(1) the basic principles of CLT and TBLT?
(2) the stages in CLT and TBLT classes?
(3) some ways to solve problems that occur in classrooms?
Key: (1) The basic principles include: 1) there should be clear goals for each
task-based lesson; 2) the goals of TBLT instruction cover language structure and
vocabulary and accuracy, complexity and fluency; 3) the goals can also be
developing learning strategies or integrating prior lessons, not necessarily just
the knowledge or skills taught in the unit; 4) there should be a variety of goals to
ensure systematic language development.
(2) The stages in CLT and TBLT classes include pre-task stage, while-task
stage and post-task stage. The pre-task stage includes task preparation and
planning, during which students can use mind-maps, activate background
knowledge, introduce new materials and provide sample tasks or imitation and
practice. The while-task stage is a process of language acquisition. Group task or
individual task could be designed. And the teacher should give explicit
instructions. The post-task stage can attend to language forms, at which students
are given opportunities to repeat the tasks and are encouraged to reflect on the
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圣才电子书
十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台
process of task accomplishment and focus on form. This stage includes task
reflection and students’ reflection and feedback.
(3) When problems occur in classrooms, the teacher should first stay calm to
reevaluate the situation. Then, the teacher can analyze the situation and find out
the reasons: it is because students don’t understand the instructions or they are
not able to complete the task? The teacher can also choose to talk with students
over the problems and the solutions. One thing to bear in mind is that classroom
activities don’t have to be consistent with the teaching plan. Flexibility and
adjustability are needed when necessary.
Section 2
1. What is the essence of PWP process?
Key: The essence of PWP process is that learning is a process, which is the law of
conception. Students first get to know new knowledge with what they have
known; then they process new knowledge; finally, they need to practice and
revise what they have learned to deepen their understanding.
2. How can you connect TBL with PWP?
Key: In TBL, there are three stages: the pre-task stage, the while-task stage and
the post-task stage, while in PWP, there are also three similar stages: the
pre-stage, the while-stage and the post-stage. Both TBL and PWP divide teaching
and learning into several stages and allow time for students’ understanding and
assimilation. The difference is that TBL concerns with tasks while PWP concerns
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