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2024年4月12日发(作者：eclipse最舒服的字体)

Unit 1

一，Views on language：

一、Structural view （language competence）结构主义语言观

—The founder： Saussure，lasen freeman&long

—The structural view of language sees language as a linguistic system made

up of various subsystems：一、the sound system（phonology） 二、sound

combinations（morphology）

the discrete units of meaning 3、

the system of combining units of meaning for communication（syntax）

—The structural view limits knowing a language to knowing its structural

rules and

vocabulary

2 、Functional view功能主义语言观

— Representative： Johnson、marrow、swain canal (the core: grammar)

—The function view not only sees language as a linguistic system but also a

means for doing things功能不仅以为语言是一个语言系统,但也做情形的一种方

式

—Learners learn a language in order to be able to doing things with it

Use the linguistic structure to express functions

3、Interactional view 交互语言观（communicative competence）

— Emphasis：appropriateness

— Language is a communicative tool，which main use is to build up and

maintain social relations between people

—Learners need to know the rules for using the language in certain context

二，View on language learning语言学习观

s-oriented theories:强调进程 are concerned with how the mind

organizes new information such as habit formation, induction, making

inference, hypothesis testing and generalization.

ion-oriented theories: 强调条件emphasize the nature of the human

and physical context in which language learning takes place, such as the

number of students, the kind of input learners receives, and the atmosphere.

oristtheory,(Skinner and waston raynor)

A the key point of the theory of conditioning is that” you can train an animal to d

o anything if you follow a certain procedure which has three major stages, stimulu

s, response, and reinforcement

B the idea of this method is that language is learned by constant repletion and

the reinforcement of the teacher. Mistakes were immediately corrected, and correct

utterances were immediately praised.

ive theory:Chomsky)thinks that language is not a form of behavior,it is a


本文标签： 语言 强调 系统 进程 条件

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