读短文记单词详解版 a hard trip

A Hard Trip 一次辛苦的旅行

1. trip

(名词) [C]行走,行驶,旅行 (usually short) journey, especially for pleasure

(动词) vi. 走; 跑 walk, or run with quick, light steps; caper; skip

vi. & vt. 绊倒 catch one's foot (in or on sth) and lose one's balance

vi. & vt. 出差错; 说错话 make a mistake; make a slip; confuse; throw off

例句：

They planned to make a wedding trip to Paris. 他们计划到巴黎旅行度蜜月。

He who carries three baskets must put one on his head, which is apt to tumble and

trip him up. 有三只篮子的人就得把一只篮子顶在头上，这样很容易摔倒。

He tried to trip me up. 他想把我绊倒。

He tripped on a tree root. 他被一株树根绊倒了。

She came tripping down the garden path. 她轻快地沿花园小径跑过来。

I have never known him to trip up even in details.

即使在琐事上我都不曾看到他犯错。

词义辨析：

trip, journey, tour, travel, voyage共同意思是“旅行”“ 游历”“观光”“游程”。journey多指有目的地的陆上长途旅行,有时也指水上或空中旅行,其距离远近、时间长短、旅行的目的和方式均不限,并不表示是否要返回出发地,是正式用语。voyage主要指水上或空中旅行,也是正式用语。

例如: They made a voyage across the Pacific by air.他们乘飞机越过太平洋。

trip是非正式用语,可以代替journey和voyage,但trip常指时间较短、距离较近的旅行,旅行方式不变,并且意味着旅行结束后还要回到原来的地方。

例如: He went on a trip to the nearest seaside resort during his holidays.

他曾到最近的海滨胜地度假。

tour指根据一定的路线,事先预定了一些逗留地点,旅行结束后仍回原地的旅游,其主要目的多为观光、视察或进行其他活动,路程一般都比较长。

例如: They went on a tour round the world last year.去年他们周游了世界。

travel意思广泛,可以表示不论时间长短,不论路途远近,不论为了什么目的或使用什么交通工具的旅行或游历,它可与本组其余的词通用。

My sister was fond of traveling. Ever since graduating, she had been

determined to organize a trip to an old temple. Since transporting fare was expensive,

she decided to use a bicycle to cycle there not caring about the disadvantages. Her

stubborn attitude was always her shortcoming. Once she made up her mind to do

something, no one could persuade her to change her mind. Finally, we gave in as

usual though we preferred to take a train. After we prepared everything, including the

schedule, reliable weather forecast and the insurance, we began our trip.

fond of 爱好； 喜欢

3. graduate

adj.〈美〉毕业生的,研究所的

postgraduate n. (名词) [C]〈英〉大学毕业生 a person who has completed a university

degree course

[C]〈美〉毕业生 a person who has completed a course at a college, school

v. (动词) vt. & vi. (从…)大学毕业,获得(学士)学位 obtain a degree, especially a

first degree, at a university

vt. & vi. 〈美〉(使)毕业 (cause to) complete an educational course

vt. 划分级别 divide into levels or grades

例句：

He will graduate from the school in May. 他将要在五月份毕业。

This ruler is graduated in centimeters. 这把尺的刻度是厘米。

He is a graduate in medicine. 他是医科毕业生。

He is a graduate of Tokyo University. 他是东京大学的毕业生。

They graduate 30,000 engineers every year. 每年有3万名工程师从学校毕业。

4. determine

v. (动词) vt. & vi. (使)下决心,(使)作出决定 (cause to) make a firm decision to do

sth; (cause sth to) be decided

vt. 确定,测定 fix or find out exactly

vt. 限定; 制定; 支配 have a controlling influence on; have a direct and important

effect on

vt. 影响; 决定 decisively influence; fix

Chance will determine the outcome. 机缘将决定结果

I am determined to find out the rights and wrongs of this matter.

我决心查明这件事的真相。

An inquest was held to determine the cause of his death.

为确定他的死因进行了审问。

determine to-v, be determined to-v 这两种结构的区别在于:

ine to- v 中的determine是谓语动词; 而be determined to- v 中的determined是determine的过去分词,用于系表结构。

ine to- v 可表示“决定做某事”的动作,也可表示“决心做某事”的状态;

而be determined to- v 只表示“决心做某事”的状态。

ine是瞬间动词,不可与表示一段时间的状语连用; 而be determined则可与表示一段时间的状语连用。

determination 决心；果断 determinant 决定因素；[数] 行列式

determinism [力] 决定论 determiner [语] 限定词；决定因素

determinative 限定词；决定的事物 determinist 决定论者

5. transport

v. (动词) vt. 运送; 流放 carry persons or goods from one place to another

vt. 使万分激动 make excite extremely

n. 运输；心醉

The goods have been cased up for transport. 货物已装箱待运。

London Transport run extra trains during the rush-hour.

伦敦运输公司在交通高峰时 间增开加班列车。

Wheat is transported from the farms to the mills. 把小麦从农场运到面粉厂。

adj. transportable 可运输的；便携式的

n. transportation 运输；运输系统；运输工具；流放 transporter 运输机；输送者

transportable 便携式电视机；便携式计算机

6. fare

n. (名词) [C]费,票价 money charged for a journey by a bus,ship,taxi,etc.

[C]乘客 passenger who pays a fare

[U]食物 food, especially as provided at a meal

v. (动词) vi. 进展,遭遇 progress; get on

例句：

Let me go shares with you in the taxi fare. 我和你分摊计程车费吧。

The normal return fare to New York is fifty-six. 去纽约的来回票标准价是56元。

The taxi-driver stopped to pick up a fare. 计程车司机停下车来搭载一名乘客。

The fare in this restaurant is terrible. 这家餐馆的饭菜太差了。

(vi.) How would I fare in a strange city? 在一个陌生的城市里，我怎么度日呢?

I think I fared quite well in the interview. 我觉得我这次面试考得不错。

It is a pity that she should fare so badly. 她竟吃得那么差,真可怜。

词义辨析:

fare, charge, dues, fee, toll 这组词的共同意思是“费”

charge是普通用语,泛指生活各方面所花费的“价钱”“费用”,尤指某种服务的“费用”;

fee指付给团体的费用，如“报名费”“会费”或付给自由职业者如私人教师、医生、律师等所收的“费用”或“谢金”,还可指“租书费”等;

dues指应缴的款或应付的各种税或各种组织的会费;

toll指使用道路、桥梁、海港等所需的“过路费”“过桥费”,也可指长途电话费、设施使用费或市场的摊位费等;

而fare主要指车、船、飞机等的旅费。

例如: The guidebook to the museum is available free of charge.

这个博物馆的游览指南免费供应。

The doctor's fee was higher than we expected.那医生收费比我们预料的要高。

The ship owners must pay the dues for the use of the harbour every year.

船主们每年必须交租用港口税。

A toll must be paid on the tunnel.通过这条隧道必须付通行费。

When you take a bus you have to pay the fare.坐公共汽车必须买票。

n. [C]循环,周期 a number related events happening in a regularly repeated order

[C]自行车; 摩托车 bicycle; motor cycle, etc.

vi. 骑自行〔摩托〕车 ride a bicycle

例句

The seasons of the year make a cycle. 一年四季构成一个循环。

The business cycle experienced a sudden down. 商业周期经历了突然的萧条。

Her latest stunt is riding a motor cycle through a ring of flames.

她的最新特技表演是骑摩托车钻火圈。

It's easier to cycle with the wind behind you. 顺风骑车省力。

8. disadvantage

[C][U]不利条件,不利 an unfavourable condition or quality that makes a person or

thing less successful or effective than others

The situation put us at a serious disadvantage. 形势使我们处于非常不利的地位。

If you don't speak good English, you'll be at a big disadvantage when you try to get a

job. 你要是英语讲得不好，找工作时就会处于非常不利的地位。

offset disadvantage 抵消不利 surmount disadvantage 克服不利条件

obvious disadvantage 明显的不利 serious disadvantage 严重的缺陷

at a disadvantage 处于不利地位 under disadvantage 在不利的情况下

9. stubborn

固执的,顽固的,执拗的,倔强的 determined, especially to an unreasonable degree;

with a strong will

不灵活的,难移动的; 难以改变的 difficult to move, change, etc.

That stubborn man always cleaves to his idea. 那固执的人不愿改变想法。

The child has a stubborn temper. 这个小孩脾气执拗。

This detergent can remove stubborn stains. 这种去污剂能去除难洗的污渍。

I have a stubborn cold and cough day and night. 我得了很难治的感冒，日夜咳嗽。

You'll have to push hard; that door is a bit stubborn. 你得使劲推，那扇门有点难开。

stubborn illness 顽疾 as stubborn as a mule 非常顽固

stubborn fact 不可否认的事实...

词义辨析：

obstinate，stubborn 这两个形容词均可表示“固执的、顽固的”之意。

obstinate指无理地固执已见或听不进他人忠告、意见等的顽固性格。

stubborn用于褒义指坚定不移，执意顽强；用于贬义指固执已见，侧重生性固执。

10. attitude

[C]态度,看法 way of thinking or behaving

[C]姿态,姿势 a position of the body; posture

We must maintain a firm attitude. 我们必须采取坚定的态度。

She shows a very positive attitude to her work. 她工作态度非常积极。

He has a mellow attitude to life. 他对生活有种成熟的看法。

They sat around in easy attitude. 他们以舒适的姿势围坐在一起。

11. shortcoming

[C] 短处,缺点 a fault; failing

Not being punctual is his greatest shortcoming. 不守时间是他的最大缺点。

up one’s mind to do something下决心

13. persuade vt. & vi. 说服,劝告 make sb believe or do sth by talking to him

persuade sb into v-ing劝某人做某事 cause sb to do sth; convince sb to do sth

You try and persuade her into coming with us. 你试试劝她跟我们来。

persuade sb/oneself of sth使某人确信 cause sb to convince

How can I persuade you of my sincerity? 我如何能够使你相信我的诚意?

persuade sb/oneself that-clause

At last I persuaded him that he was wrong. 我终于说服他认错了。

persuade sb out of sth/v-ing劝某人放弃做某事 prevent sb from a course by talking

to sb

He persuaded me out of the idea of discontinuing the experiment. 他劝我放弃中断实验的想法。

词义辨析：persuade, advise 这两个词的区别在于：advise只指“劝”而不表示“服”;

而persuade则不仅“劝”,而且使之“信”或“服”。

例如: I advised her, but she would not listen to me. 我劝她,可她偏不听。

I persuaded her to give up smoking. 我说服她戒了烟。

in 屈服；投降；让步；呈交

Only a coward gives in to his fate. 只有懦夫向命运屈服。

usual像往常一样； 照例

le

vt. 排定; 安排 put in a list of arrangement

n. [C] 时间表,日程安排表 program of work to be done or of planned events

[C] 清单,明细表 list of items, etc.

I'll work out the schedule. 我来拟定时间表。

Owing to various delays en route, we arrived two days behind schedule.

由于路上的种种耽搁, 我们比原计划迟到了两天。

(v.) He was scheduled to attend the party. 他预定出席那个宴会。

The morning is the best time of the day to schedule a briefing.

简报最好安排在早上。

17. weather forecast 天气预报

18. insurance

[U]保险 agreement by contract to pay money especially in case of misfortune

[U]保险业 business of providing such contracts

[U]保险费 payment made by or to such a company, etc.

[C]保险措施,安全保障 any measure taken as a safeguard against loss, failure, etc.

Have you paid the insurance on your jewellery? 你给你的珠宝投保了吗?

My daughter works in insurance. 我的女儿在保险业工作。

词义辨析：insurance, assurance 这两个名词的共同意思是“保险”。

insurance指向保险公司缴纳一定的费用,为健康、伤亡或财产等各类保险,也指保险单、保险费、保险业赔偿金等;

assurance是英式英语,表示对将来必定要发生的事进行保险,专指人寿保险。

翻译：我的妹妹很喜欢旅行。自从毕业以来，她就下定决心要组织一次往一座古庙的旅行。因为交通费用昂贵，她决定骑自行车去，毫不担心其中的不利情况。顽固的态度一直都是她的缺点，一旦她下定决心要做的事，就没有人能说服她改变主意。最后，我们像往常一样让步，尽管我们更喜欢乘火车去。我们准备好了所有东西，包括时间表、可靠的天气预报，还有保险，就开始了旅程。

Our journey was along a river flowing from a high altitude. Our pace was slow

because the river frequently had many sharp bends through deep valleys, where the

water seemed to boil. Just as I recorded in my journal, it was really a hard journey.

But we also enjoyed great views. One night, I put my head on my pillow--a parcel of

wool coats, and lay beneath the stars. When the flame in front of our cave went out at

midnight, I found the sky so beautiful!

18. altitude

['æltɪtjuːd]

[C]高度,海拔 the height of an object or place above sea level

[P]高处,高地 a high area

We are flying at an altitude of 20000 feet. 我们的飞行高度是20000英尺。

Air pressure decreases with altitude. 气压随海拔高度的增加而下降。

At this altitude there is no screening from the sun's rays.

在这种海拔高度，没有遮阳处。

词义辨析：altitude，height，elevation 这些名词均有“高度”之意。

altitude指海拔高度，也指离开地面的高度。

height普通用词，指任何物体可测量到的高度，不管物体本身的高低如何。

elevation主要指山丘或耸立在地面上物体的海拔高度。

19. pace

vt. 用步子测量 measure by taking paces

vt. & vi. 缓慢而行 walk with slow or regular steps

n. [S]步速; 计划进度 rate or speed in walking, running, advance of a plan

[C]一步,步子 a single step in running or walking

[S]溜蹄,步法 a way that a horse walks or runs

She works so fast that I can't keep pace with her. 她工作得很快，我跟不上她的速度。

When John found he was going to be late, he stepped up his pace.

约翰发现要迟到了, 就加大步伐。

They pace in sleek chivalric certainty. 自信的步态骑士般孔武而自如。

The trot is a pace of the horse. 快步是马行的一种步态。

He gets up,and begin to pace up and down the room.

他起身并开始在房间里踱来踱去。

I pace the path and I know how long it is. 我用步子量过这条路，我知道它有多长。

20. frequently adv. 频繁地；经常地

frequent:adj. (形容词) 时常发生的,常见的 happening often; habitual

adj. 频繁的；经常的 vt. 常到；常去

Traffic accidents are alarmingly frequent of late. 近来交通事故频繁得吓人。

He is a frequent visitor to our house. 他是我们家的常客。

He suffers from frequent bouts of depression. 他患多发性抑郁症。

His frequent hesitations annoyed the audience.

他三番五次欲言又止，听众已感到厌烦。

He used to frequent the town's bars and night-clubs.

他从前常去镇上的酒吧和夜总会。

The police visited all the bars that the suspect frequented. 警察调查了嫌疑犯时常出没的所有酒吧。

21 sharp bends 弯管；突转弯头

That sharp bend is a death-trap for motorists.

那个急转弯是开汽车的人的死亡陷阱。

22. journal

[C]杂志,期刊 a serious magazine, usually produced by a specialist society

[C]日志,日记 a usually daily record of events

academic〔medical〕 journals 学术〔医学〕杂志〔期刊〕

daily〔weekly〕 journals 日〔周〕刊 journal book 流水簿

23. view

n. [U] 看 state of seeing or being seen from a particular place

[U] 视力; 视野,视线 ability to see or be seen from a particular place; sight

[C] 景色,风景 sth seen from a particular place, especially a stretch of pleasant

country [

C] 风景画,风景照片 a picture or photograph of scenery, a building, etc.

[S] 观察某人〔某事物〕的特定机会 a special chance to see or examine sb or sth

[C] 看法,意见 a personal opinion, belief, idea, etc., about sth

[C] 考虑,思量; 思考的方式 an act or manner of seeing, considering, examining, etc.

vt. 观看 look at

vt. 查看 examine

vt. 认为,考虑 consider

The valley was hidden from view in the mist. 溪谷隐没在雾霭之中，看不见了。

His view of life is different from yours. 他的人生观与你的不同。

I enjoy the view of the bay in the starlight. 我喜欢星光下的海湾风景。

He took a subjective view of the problem. 他用主观的方法看问题。

The police took a view of the scene. 警方检查了现场。

We can view the problem in many ways. 我们可以从多方面来考虑这些问题。

We view every customer as a partner. 我们将每一位客户视为合作伙伴。

at first view 初见 in sb's view 在某人看来 with a view 持有某种看法

view as 把…看做

词义辨析:

view, prospect, scene, scenery, sight 这组词都有“景色”的意思。

prospect指从高处眺望所见到的景色,前景;

scene指局部的、一眼可见全貌的风景或景色,不限于自然的风景,也常指(戏剧、电影、小说等的)场景、布景;

scenery则指某一国家或某一地区的整体的自然风景;

sight指眼见的景色,如供人游览之地的“景”或“景色”,尤指人工制成的景;

view则主要指从高处俯视到的景色。

例如: The prospect from the hill is yet more beautiful.从山上眺望风景更为美丽。

The West Lake is remarkable for its scenery.西湖以其风景著名。

The Great Wall is one of the most breath-taking sights in the world.长城是世界上最惊人的壮观景象之一。

There is a lovely view from this window.从这个窗子可以看到一片秀丽的景色。

和scene所表达的景色都是scenery中的一部分,都可指眼里看到的每日自然的景色,但view是最一般的用语,而scene则是由“舞台场景”的意义引申而来的,用的少些。

24. parcel

n. (名词) [C]包裹 thing or things wrapped up for carrying or sending by post

[C]一块地 piece of land, especially on an estate (used especially in the expression

shown)

vt. 给…打成包裹 make into a parcel or parcels

vt. 分成若干部分 divide sth into parts or portions

He snipped the string and untied the parcel. 他剪断绳子，解开包裹。

He tied the parcel with twine. 他用细绳来捆扎包裹。

Her stinginess is part and parcel of her nature. 她生性吝啬。

Once you've explored a bit, perhaps you'll find a perfect parcel of land to build your

house or business.

一旦你开始探险，你可能会找到一块理想的土地去建造你的房子或者发展你的商业。

He used to parcel out jobs to representatives. 他曾将工作分配各个代表。

He parceled up the books. 他把书打成了包。

25. flame

n.火焰,火舌 burning gas which you can see in a fire

vt. & vi. 燃烧; 发火焰 burn with; send out flames; be or become like flames in

colour; emit flames

vt. & vi. 勃然大怒 flare out

The candle flame flickered and went out. 烛火摇曳着，随即熄灭了。

Billows of flame swept through the forest. 熊熊烈火席卷森林。

He and I were kindled by a great flame of patriotism.

我和他由于一股爱国主义的热情都激动起来了。

The evening sky flamed with red and orange.

傍晚天空的颜色是一片火红和橘黄相间。

His anger flamed up. 他勃然大怒。

Her face flamed with excitement. 她激动得脸绯红。

shoot down in flames 严厉申斥scold severely

flame out (v.+adv.) 勃然大怒 increase in heat, anger, or violence

flame up (v.+adv.) 因…而脸红 turn red in the face with strong feeling

flame with因…而涨红了脸 turn red in the face because of sth flame with sth

She flamed with anger when she heard how her mother had been treated.

她听了母亲的遭遇,气得满脸通红。

翻译：我们的旅程沿着一条从高海拔处流下来的河流前行。但我们的步伐很慢，因为当流经深深的峡谷时，这条河流急转弯很多，急湍的河水都似乎沸腾起来。正如我在旅行日志里记录的那样，这真是一次艰苦的旅行。但是我们也欣赏到了美丽的景色。一天晚上，我把头枕在一包羊毛衣服做的枕头上，躺在星空下，当岩洞前的火焰在午夜熄灭时，我发现夜空是如此的美丽！