Unit3OntheMove!单词讲义高中英语

Unit3单词讲义

surfing

词性：动词

中文意思：冲浪，浏览网页

英文释义：to ride on the surface of a moving wave; to browse through information on

the internet

词源：来自英语surf（冲浪）+ ing（表示进行中的动作）

例句：I love surfing in Hawaii.

固定搭配：surfing the web, go surfing, learn to surf

近义词：browse, skim, scan

represent

词性：动词

中文意思：代表，表现，描绘

英文释义：to act or speak for someone or something; to show or express something;

to be a symbol of something

词源：来自拉丁语repraesentare，意为“重新展示”或“再次描绘”

例句：The artist represented nature in his paintings.

固定搭配：representative democracy, represent one's country, represent a pany

近义词：stand for, symbolize, depict

goal

词性：名词

中文意思：目标，球门

英文释义：the object of one's ambition or effort; the area at which the ball is aimed in

football

词源：来自古英语gōl，意为“目标”或“意图”

例句：My goal is to bee a doctor.

固定搭配：achieve a goal, set a goal, soccer goal

近义词：aim, objective, target

basis

词性：名词

中文意思：基础，根据，理由

英文释义：the fundamental principles or facts on which something is based; the

reason for doing something

词源：来自拉丁语basis，意为“底部”或“基础”

例句：The report is based on research findings.

固定搭配：on a basis of, basis of parison, scientific basis

近义词：foundation, groundwork, reason

equipment

词性：名词

中文意思：设备，装备，器材

英文释义：things needed for a particular purpose; tools and machines used for a

particular activity

词源：来自拉丁语apparatus，意为“准备”或“安排”

例句：The gym has stateoftheart exercise equipment.

固定搭配：sports equipment, office equipment, safety equipment

近义词：apparatus, gear, toolkit

content

词性：形容词/名词

中文意思：满足的，满意的；内容，容量

英文释义：feeling happy and satisfied; the main ideas or information in a book,

speech, etc.; the amount that something can hold or contain

词源：来自古法语contenir，意为“包含”或“容纳”

例句：She looked content with her exam results.

plastic

词性：形容词/名词

中文意思：可塑的，塑料的

英文释义：able to be shaped or molded easily; a material that can be shaped when

heated and hardened

词源：来自希腊语plastikos，意为“可塑造的”

例句：The artist used plasticine to create the sculpture.

固定搭配：plastic surgery, plastic bag, plastic bottle

近义词：malleable, pliable, moldable

factor

词性：名词

中文意思：因素，要素

英文释义：a circumstance or condition that affects the oute of something; an essential

element in a situation

词源：来自拉丁语factor，意为“因素”或“代理”

例句：Lack of funding is a major factor in our failure.

固定搭配：key factor, production factor, risk factor

近义词：element, ingredient, ponent

defend

词性：动词

中文意思：保卫，辩护

英文释义：to protect someone or something from harm or danger; to support or justify

an argument or position

词源：来自拉丁语defendere，意为“保卫”或“辩护”

例句：The army was sent to defend the country against invaders.

固定搭配：defend oneself, defend a position, defend a client

近义词：protect, guard, shield

twist

词性：动词/名词

中文意思：扭曲，拧；弯曲，转折

英文释义：to turn something around a central point; to change direction suddenly; a

bend or curve in something

词源：来自古英语twistian，意为“扭曲”或“扭动”

例句：She twisted the lid off the jar.

固定搭配：twist and turn, twist someone's arm, give a twist to something

近义词：bend, curve, contort

soldier

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：士兵，军人；战斗，奋斗

英文释义：a member of the armed forces; to fight bravely and skillfully in battle

词源：来自中古英语scoler，意为“雇佣兵”或“随军仆人”

例句：He served as a soldier for 20 years.

固定搭配：soldier on, soldier up, soldier through

近义词：fighter, warrior, batant

conflict

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：冲突，矛盾；抵触，争执

英文释义：a struggle between opposing ideas or interests; to clash or disagree with

someone or something else

词源：来自拉丁语conflitus，意为“斗争”或“冲突”

例句：There is a conflict between his principles and his actions.

death

词性：名词

中文意思：死亡，灭亡

英文释义：the cessation of life; the end of something

词源：来自古英语deathan，意为“消逝”或“结束”

例句：The death of her husband was a great loss to her.

固定搭配：death penalty, deathbed, death rattle

近义词：demise, passing, expiration

assure

词性：动词

中文意思：确保，保证；使确信，向...保证

英文释义：to make certain; to give confidence to someone

词源：来自拉丁语assurere，意为“使安全”或“保护”

例句：I can assure you that your money is safe with us.

固定搭配：assure someone of something, assure oneself, be assured

近义词：guarantee, ensure, insure

chart

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：图表，海图；绘制图表，制定计划

英文释义：a diagram or table showing information in a visual way; to map out or plan

something

词源：来自古法语charte，意为“地图”或“图表”

例句：The doctor drew up a chart to track the patient's progress.

固定搭配：flow chart, weather chart, road map

近义词：diagram, graph, map

ideal

词性：形容词/名词

中文意思：理想的，完美的；理想，典范

英文释义：existing only in the imagination; an idea or standard of perfection

词源：来自希腊语idea，意为“形式”或“理念”

例句：She has high ideals for her children's future.

固定搭配：ideal job, ideal partner, ideal world

近义词：perfect, flawless, model

display

词性：动词/名词

中文意思：展示，陈列；显示，表现

英文释义：to show or exhibit something publicly; to be visible or obvious

词源：来自中古英语displyen，意为“展示”或“显示”

例句：The museum displayed a collection of rare artifacts.

固定搭配：display case, product display, digital display

近义词：exhibit, show, demonstrate

monitor

词性：动词/名词

中文意思：监控，监视；班长，监视器

英文释义：to keep watch over something or someone; a person who supervises or

oversees a group or activity; a device used to display visual information from a puter

or other electronic device

词源：来自拉丁语monitorius，意为“守望者”或“观察者”

例句：The security guard monitors the building's entrance.

setting

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：环境，背景；调整，安装

英文释义：the place or time in which an event takes place; to put in place or adjust

something

词源：来自古英语setian，意为“放置”或“安排”

例句：The setting of the story is in a small town.

固定搭配：setting sun, setting up, setting the table

近义词：environment, background, arrangement

adjustable

词性：形容词

中文意思：可调节的，可改变的

英文释义：able to be changed or adapted to different conditions or requirements

词源：来自拉丁语adjustabilis，意为“可调整的”或“可适应的”

例句：The chair has an adjustable backrest.

固定搭配：adjustable temperature, adjustable straps, adjustable speed

近义词：modifiable, flexible, variable

available

词性：形容词

中文意思：可用的，可获得的

英文释义：able to be used or obtained; present and ready for use or action

词源：来自中古英语aventilable，意为“可得到的”或“可利用的”

例句：The tickets are available for purchase online.

固定搭配：available resources, available time, available options

近义词：accessible, obtainable, usable

skip

词性：动词/名词

中文意思：跳过，遗漏；跳跃，跳绳

英文释义：to pass over or omit something; to jump lightly and repeatedly off the

ground using both feet at the same time

词源：来自古英语skipian，意为“跳过”或“跳”

例句：I'll skip the details and get straight to the main point.

固定搭配：skip breakfast, skip class, skip rope

近义词：omit, leap, hop

plank

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：木板，政纲；铺板，装钉

英文释义：a long, thin piece of wood; a strong statement of principles or beliefs; to

lay (a floor) with wooden boards

词源：来自中古英语planke，意为“木板”或“横梁”

例句：The ship was built with sturdy planks of wood.

固定搭配：walking plank, political plank, plank flooring

近义词：board, beam, platform

balance

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：平衡，均衡；权衡，对比

英文释义：the state of being steady and not falling over; to pare or weigh two or more

things against each other

词源：来自古法语balancer，意为“使平衡”或“称量”

例句：She lost her balance and fell off the bike.

upper

词性：形容词

中文意思：上面的，较高的

英文释义：located above or higher in position, level, or rank

词源：来自古英语uppe，意为“在上面的”

例句：The upper floor of the building is under renovation.

固定搭配：upper hand, upper class, upper body

近义词：higher, superior, top

bone

词性：名词

中文意思：骨头，骨质

英文释义：the rigid framework that supports the body of humans and animals

词源：来自古英语bone，意为“骨头”

例句：She broke a bone in her leg while skiing.

固定搭配：bone marrow, skeletal bone, finger bone

近义词：osseous tissue, skeleton, frame

involve

词性：动词

中文意思：涉及，包含；使参与，使卷入

英文释义：to include as part of something; to cause someone to be a participant or

take part in something

词源：来自中古英语involven，意为“缠绕”或“卷入”

例句：The project involves a lot of hard work.

固定搭配：be involved in, get involved, involve oneself

近义词：include, prise, engage

master

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：主人，大师；掌握，精通

英文释义：a person who has control or ownership of something; to have a thorough

understanding or control of something

词源：来自中古英语maister，意为“主人”或“教师”

例句：He is a master of martial arts.

固定搭配：master's degree, master key, master plan

近义词：expert, authority, control

response

词性：名词

中文意思：回应，反应

英文释义：an answer or reaction to something; the act of responding or reacting

词源：来自拉丁语respondere，意为“回答”或“反应”

例句：The pany received positive responses to its new product launch.

固定搭配：response time, response rate, immediate response

近义词：reaction, feedback, reply

interpret

词性：动词

中文意思：解释，说明；口译，翻译

英文释义：to explain the meaning of something; to translate spoken words from one

language to another

词源：来自拉丁语interpretari，意为“解释”或“阐明”

例句：The dream could be interpreted in many ways.

data

词性：名词

中文意思：数据，资料

英文释义：facts and information used to help make decisions or solve problems

词源：来自拉丁语datum，意为“给予”或“提供”

例句：The data shows that there has been an increase in sales this year.

固定搭配：data analysis, data collection, data processing

近义词：information, facts, statistics

label

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：标签，标记；贴标签于，把...归类为

英文释义：a piece of paper, plastic, etc. attached to something to give information

about it; to give a name or description to someone or something

词源：来自古法语label，意为“纸片”或“票据”

例句：She labeled the boxes with their contents.

固定搭配：labeling system, product label, label maker

近义词：tag, caption, classify

asthma

词性：名词

中文意思：哮喘，气喘病

英文释义：a chronic lung disease that makes it difficult to breathe

词源：来自希腊语asthma，意为“喘息”或“气息急促”

例句：He has been suffering from asthma since childhood.

固定搭配：asthma attack, asthma medication, asthma symptoms

近义词：bronchitis, emphysema, wheezing

lung

词性：名词

中文意思：肺，肺部

英文释义：one of the two organs in the chest that people use for breathing

词源：来自古英语lunge，意为“呼吸”或“气息”

例句：He had a lung transplant last year.

固定搭配：lung cancer, lung capacity, lung function

近义词：breathing organ, respiratory system, pulmonary organ

power

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：力量，能力；使有权力，控制

英文释义：the ability to do something or act in a particular way; to have control over

someone or something

词源：来自古英语pōwer，意为“能力”或“权力”

例句：The government has the power to tax its citizens.

固定搭配：power plant, power grid, power outage

近义词：strength, authority, control

network

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：网络，网状系统；建立网络，联网

英文释义：a group of interconnected people or things; to connect (puters or other

devices) together so they can share information and resources

词源：来自中古英语netwārke，意为“网”或“网络”

例句：She is part of a professional network that helps her find job opportunities.

tension

词性：名词

中文意思：紧张，拉力

英文释义：a state of nervousness or anxiety; the force that stretches or pulls

something tight

词源：来自拉丁语tentio，意为“拉紧”或“张力”

例句：There is a lot of tension between the two countries.

固定搭配：tensional relationship, relieve tension, high tension

近义词：stress, pressure, strain

disappear

词性：动词

中文意思：消失，不见

英文释义：to cease to be visible or exist; to go out of sight or bee lost

词源：来自拉丁语disappearere，意为“消失”或“消散”

例句：The sun disappeared behind the clouds.

固定搭配：disappear from view, disappear without a trace, suddenly disappear

近义词：vanish, fade away, evaporate

gorilla

词性：名词

中文意思：大猩猩

英文释义：a large black African ape with a silvery coat and long arms

词源：来自中非刚果语gĩrĩ，意为“森林中的人”或“山地人”

例句：The zoo has a family of gorillas.

固定搭配：lowland gorilla, mountain gorilla, gorilla habitat

近义词：chimpanzee, orangutan, gibbon

sweaty

词性：形容词

中文意思：出汗的，汗湿的

英文释义：covered in sweat; damp with sweat

词源：来自古英语swǣte，意为“汗水”或“出汗”

例句：He was all sweaty after running the marathon.

固定搭配：sweaty palms, sweaty clothes, sweaty forehead

近义词：salty, clammy, moist

ache

词性：动词/名词

中文意思：疼痛，酸痛；渴望，热望

英文释义：to have a continuous dull pain; a feeling of great desire or longing for

something

词源：来自古英语æcan，意为“疼痛”或“渴望”

例句：My head aches after drinking too much coffee. / I have an ache for adventure.

固定搭配：headache, toothache, backache; ache for love, ache for success, ache for

home

近义词：pain, soreness, longing, yearning

inspire

词性：动词

中文意思：激励，鼓舞；启发，启示

英文释义：to fill someone with the urge or ability to do or feel something; to give

someone an idea or plan for doing something new

词源：来自拉丁语inspirare，意为“吹入气息”或“赋予生命”

例句：Her speech inspired us to work harder. / The book inspired me to write my own

novel.

固定搭配：inspire confidence, inspire creativity, inspire change; inspire by example,

inspire through music, inspire with words

persuade

词性：动词

中文意思：说服，劝说

英文释义：to make someone do or believe something by talking to them and giving

them reasons for it

词源：来自拉丁语persuasio，意为“通过劝说获得信仰”

例句：I tried to persuade him to e with us, but he refused.

固定搭配：persuade someone of something, persuade someone into doing something,

persuade someone out of something

近义词：convince, coax, convince

champion

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：冠军，拥护者

英文释义：a person or thing that is the best in a particular petition or activity; to

support or defend someone or something

词源：来自古法语champiun，意为“战士”或“保护者”

例句：She is the champion of the women's 100meter dash. / He will champion the

cause of environmental protection.

固定搭配：champion title, champion team, champion a cause; champion someone's

rights, champion a project, champion a proposal

近义词：winner, victor, advocate

ultimate

词性：形容词/副词

中文意思：最终的，极限的

英文释义：last or final in time or order; greatest possible extent or degree

词源：来自拉丁语ultimat，意为“最后的”或“终极的”

例句：The ultimate goal of our project is to reduce carbon emissions. / They worked

tirelessly until they achieved the ultimate success.

固定搭配：ultimate victory, ultimate defeat, ultimate truth; ultimately speaking,

ultimately responsible, ultimately important

近义词：final, terminal, conclusive