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2024年2月26日发(作者:java教程电子书pdf)
2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷七选五+完型+语法短文+环保新闻词汇(高频词块及易错考点分析)
七选五
1.原文:You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym。单词:show
up
词义:
show up
① 来到,露面
My husband always shows me up at parties;he always gets drunk.
② 使显现,使醒目;
This bright sunlight really shows up the cracks in the wall.
➢ 常见考点
show in 领入
show off 炫耀,卖弄
Don't look at him! He's just showing off!
2.原文:Do you just want to be physically fit?
单词:be physically fit
词义
be physically fit身体健康
Flight attendants, firefighters, and police officers have to be over a certain height, and be
physically fit.
空乘人员、消防员和警察必须超过一定的身高,并身体健康。
3.原文:First of all, decide what you want from that person.
单词:First of all
词义
➢ 常见考点
First of all首先
First of all, there are not many of them, and secondly, they have little money and, thirdly, they're
hungry.
首先,他们人数不多;第二,他们没什么钱;第三,他们在挨饿。
4.原文:It probably won’t result in a useful response.
它可能不回得到有用的回应。
单词:result in
词义
➢ 常见考点
① result in ... 导致……;造成……
Food allergies can result in an enormous variety of different symptoms.
食物过敏会引发多种不同的症状。
② result from ... 由于……
Many hair problems result from what you eat.
许多头发问题由食物引起。
③ as a result (of ...) (……的)结果
As a result of this conflict he lost both his home and his means of livelihood.
这场冲突使他同时失去了住所和生计来源。
5.原文:If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
如果你打算去健身房锻炼,那个人一定得是同一个健身房的。
单词:work out
词义:
➢ 常见考点
① work out 锻炼
② work out an idea 出主意;
I will work out an idea from a rough sketch to a finished piece.
③ work out the amount of…计算出…的数量;
How to work out the amount of CGT you will actually have to pay.
6.原文:It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number.
单词:list
词义:
List列出
➢ 常见考点
make a list of
You can also search for difficult-to-pronounce words and names, and make a list of them.
你也可以搜索难发音的单词和名字,并把它们列出来。
【2021·新高考I卷·听力】
7.原文:The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
单词:The core (核心) of...is that
词义:
The core (核心) of...is that ...的核心是...
The question of gender is at the core of this debate.
性别问题是这场辩论的核心。
➢ 常见考点
core value/belief/issue 核心价值/信仰/问题
be at the core of sth. 是某事的核心/关键
写作高分表达
at the core of ...处于……的核心;……的要点
Developing clean energy should be placed at the core of the new environmental protection
policy.
发展清洁能源应为新环保政策的核心。
完型填空
1. 原文:So instead of tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him.
单词:keep an eye on
词义:
keep an eye on ... 照看……;留神……;留意……
One should always keep an eye on his personal belongings.
我们应该时刻关注我们的私人物品。
写作高分表达
① keep an eye on sb./sth.照看/留意……;密切注意……
Applicants should keep an eye on the deadline for submitting your applications.应用文—通知
申请者应该注意提交申请的最后期限。
② make/keep eye contact进行眼神交流
Making eye contact when you are talking to others can show your respect.应用文—建议信
和别人谈话时进行眼神交流能显示出你对别人的尊重。
2. 原文:It worked — he didn't end up in the creek.
单词:work
词义:
Work vi.熟义工作
生义
① 起作用,有效果,奏效
Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.
本杰明决定用猫毛代替。
② 工作,运转,运行
However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.
然而,当它运转时,它只是美丽的。
3. 原文:The sky was clear when we head off.
单词:head off
词义:
head off 出发
We are now heading off to the western part of the country.
我们现在正向西部前进。
➢ 常见考点
① head for 驶,向,走向
Where are you heading for?
We are heading for the same destination.
② head on 迎面地.正面地
③ keep one's head 保持镇静 =to remain /keep calm
lose one's head 慌乱,仓皇失措 You musn't lose your head.
4.原文:We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.
单词:stuck in
词义:
His life seemed stuck in limbo ; he could not go forward and he could not go back.
他的生活好像陷入了不知所措的境地,进退两难。
up
Sign up 注册
Sign up with your mobile phone number, then set a password.
用你的手机号码注册,然后设置密码。
out
check out退房
Guests should check out of their rooms by noon.
客人必须在中午以前办理退房手续。
7.原文:As we all sat there helplessly, a fisherman pulled up.
单词: pulled up
词义:
pull up 慢慢停下
The cab pulled up and the driver jumped out.
出租车慢慢停了下来,司机跳下了车。
8.原文:we are filled with a sense of excitement
单词: be filled with
词义:
be filled with 充满
Your eye begins to fill with tears.
你的眼睛开始充满泪水。
➢ 常见考点
fill out ( =fill in )填写
Please carefully fill out the job application.
仔细填写工作申请.
9.原文:we are filled with a sense of excitement.
单词: a sense of excitement
词义:
a sense of excitement 成就感
a sense of connectedness 归属感
Working in the community can give me a sense of connectedness.
在社区工作可以给我一种联系感。
➢ 常见考点
in a sense 从某种意义上说
You are right in a sense,but you don't know all the facts.
make sense 讲得通,有意义,言之有理
No matter how you read it,this sentence doesn't make (any) sense.
I can't make sense of it.
10.原文:That lasted about ten minutes.
单词:last
词义:
last vt. 持 续
Because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long
they last.(2016 年高考英语全国I 卷)
因为箱子里面的两个冰包只能维持这么长时间。
常见考点
lasting adj. 继续存在的,持久的
The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of
American culture.(2018 年高考英语浙江卷)
这辆车塑造了美国文化中一些最持久的方面。
语法短文填空
1. 原文:The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National
Park (GPNP).
难点分析
finalized a plan 刚刚完成
中国政府刚刚完成一个创建国家大熊猫公园的计划
2. 原文:The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National
Park (GPNP).
单词:set up
词义:
set up 创建,成立
He had set up two charitable trusts.
他已经成立了两家慈善信托机构。
常见考点
set aside adv. 留,存;到旁边,在旁边
Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently have more books in the home, more
books purchased for them, and parents who set aside time for them to read.(2018 年高考英语全国 II 卷)
数据显示,经常读书的孩子和青少年在家里有更多的书,父母为他们买更多的书,以及为他们留出时间进行阅读有关系。
3. 原文:Covering an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the CPNP
will be one of the first national parks in the country.
单词:cover an area
cover an area 占地面积
常见考点
① Cover 行走一段路程
They cover a vast eara.
② Cover 报道
She is covering the party’s annual conference.
③ Cover 足以支付;购付
I need to obtain a part-time job because my mother's income can not cover the cost of my
school fees.
我需要找一份兼职工作,因为我妈妈的收入不够付我的学费。
Cover反义词uncover 揭示,揭露
It can uncover laws of nature, cure disease, make
bombs, and help bridges to stand up.(2015 年高考英语湖北卷)
它可以揭示自然规律,治愈疾病,制造炸弹,帮助桥梁屹立。
4.原文:The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas.
单词:extend to
词义:
extend to 延伸到
The main stem will extend to around 12 ft, if left to develop naturally.
如果让其自然生长,主干会延伸到12英尺左右。
5.原文:Leaving behind precious natural assets(资产) for future generations
单词:leave behind
词义:
leave behind 遗留,留下
Don't leave your coat (behind)!
常见考点
① leave (…) for 离开(……)去,动身去
We are leaving London for Paris on Friday. 星期五我们将离开伦敦前往巴黎。
② leave out 省略,遗漏
I left out the important point.
③ ask for a leave请假
④ leave sth. aside 不予考虑某事
⑤ be left over 剩下;残留
⑥ leave alone 不打扰
6.原文:Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species(物种).
单词: serve as
词义:
serve as 作为
You serve as interpreter for the employees.
你充当的是员工代言人这个角色。
7.原文:The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species.
单词: be intended to
词义:
be intended to 旨在
The rally was intended to be a show of strength by the socialists.
社会主义者组织这次集会意在显示力量。
新闻热词词汇-环境保护
population growth 人口增长
global warming 全球变暖
depletion of the ozone layer 臭氧层变薄
air pollution 空气污染
endangered species 濒临灭绝的物种
renewable resources 可再生资源
protect forest resources 保护森林资源
environmental racism 环境歧视
ecological balance 生态平衡
exert a disastrous effect on 产生灾难性的影响
petroleum 石油
pursue one's short-term interest 追求眼前利益
solar energy 太阳能
habitat destruction and species extinction 居住环境破坏与物种灭绝
for the future generations/for our descendants 为了子孙后代
raw materials 原料
1. 白色污染 white pollution (non-degradable white plastics)
2. 保护生存环境protect natural habitats
3. 城市垃圾 urban refuse
4. 地面沉降 ground depression
5. 二次污染物secondary pollutant
6. 二氧化氮nitrogen dioxide
7. 二氧化硫 sulfur dioxide
8. 二氧化碳 carbon dioxide
9. 防风治沙 check wind and control sand
10. 防护林shelterbelt
11. 防治沙漠化combat desertification
12. 封山育林 setapart hills for forestry
13. 工业固体废物industrial solid wastes
14. 国际生物多样性日International Biodiversity Day (Dec.29)
15. 国家环保基本方针China’s guiding principle for environmental protection
16. 国家环保总局SEPA ( State Environmental Protection Administration)
17. 海洋生物marine life
18. 化害为利;变废为宝 turn the harmful into the beneficial and waste into valuable
19. 环保产品environment-friendly products
20. 环保意识environmental awareness
21. 环境恶化environmental degradation
22. 环境污染综合防治integrated control of environmental pollution
23. 环境效益environmental benefit
24. 环境指标environmental criteria
25. 减少拥挤 decongestion
26. 交通噪音traffic noise
27. 可再生资源renewable resources
28. 立体气候 3-Dclimate
29. 环发大会UN Conference on Environment and Development(UNCE D)
30. 绿化运动afforestation drive
1. 绿色能源 green energy resource (e.g. the solar power 如:太阳能)
2. 绿色企业 green enterprise
3. 绿色食品 green food
4. 牧场 pasture
5. 牧放(吃草) graze
6. 青藏高原Qinghai-Tibet plateau
7. 清洁能源 clean energy
8. 全球变暖 global warming
9. 热带风暴tropical storm
10. 热带雨林tropical rain forest
11. 热岛效应 heat island effect
12. 热污染thermal pollution
13. 人工降雨artificial rain
14. 三峡工程 Three Gorges Project
16. 三峡水库 Three Gorges reservoir
17. 森林覆盖率forest coverage
18. 沙尘暴 sand storm
19. 沙漠化 desertification
20. 生活污水domestic sewage
21. 生态技术eco-technology
22. 生态农业eco-agriculture
23. 生态示范区ecodemonstration region / environment-friendly region
24. 受灾地区disaster -affected area
25. 水产资源aquatic resources
26. 水土流失 water loss and soil erosion
27. 死亡率mortality
28. 死亡人数 death toll
29. 酸雨 acid rain
30. 太空垃圾 space trash
31. 天然牧场natural grazing ground
33. 土地酸化acidification
34. 土壤碱化 soil alkalinization
35. 土壤侵蚀 soil erosion
36. 退耕还林还草 return cultivated land to forestry or pasture
37. 退田还林restore the reclaimed land to forest
38. 危险废物hazardous wastes
39. 温室气体greenhouse gases
40. 污染指数pollution index
41. 污水处理sewage treatment/ disposal
42. 无公害蔬菜"green" vegetable
44. 先天与后天;遗传与环境 nature-nurture
45. 养蚕sericulture
46. 养蜂beekeeping
47. 养鱼 fishculture;
48. 野生动植物 wild fauna and flora
49. 一次能源primary energy
50. 一次污染物primary pollutant
51. 预防为主、防治结合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating
preventionwith control
52. 珍稀濒危物种rare or endangered species
53. 植树节National Tree-Planting Day
55. 自然保护区natural reserve; natural preservation zone
56. 自然资源保护区natural resource protection areas
57. 综合整治comprehensive improvement
58. 气象学meteorology
碳税 carbon tax
“碳税”是基于市场的主要减排方案之一,根据化石燃料(fossil fuel)燃烧后排放碳量的多少,针对化石燃料的生产、分配或使用来征收税费。而相比之下,使用风力(wind),日光(sunlight),水电(hydropower)等非燃烧能源(non-combustion energy sources)则更加环保。征收碳税(carbon tax)的目的在于控制气候变化(climate change)和全球变暖(global warming)。
碳交易中心 carbon exchange centers
“碳交易”(carbon exchange)即温室气体(greenhouse gases)排放权交易。在1997年通过的《京都议定书》中,把市场机制作为解决二氧化碳(carbon dioxide)为代表的温室气体减排的新路径,即把二氧化碳排放权作为一种商品进行交易,简称为碳交易。发展中国家减少的二氧化碳排放量指标,若经联合国认定,就可卖给西方大企业冲抵他们的减排指标,俗称
碳排放交易。这种交易以每吨二氧化碳当量为计算单位,所以通称为carbon exchange,其交易市场称为“碳市(”carbon market)。建立这种机制的目的在于减少碳排放(carbon emissions),降低能耗(energy consumption)以及碳浓度(carbon intensity)。
细颗粒物 PM2.5
PM2.5就是指“可入肺颗粒物”,现在多被称为“细颗粒物”。PM的英文全称为particulatematter(微粒物、悬浮微粒),PM2.5就是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物,可直接进入人体的alveoli of the lungs(肺泡),也称为“可入肺颗粒物”,它的直径还不到人头发丝粗细的1/20。PM2.5主要来自机动车尾气尘(vehicle exhaust)、燃油尘、硫酸盐、餐饮油烟尘、建筑水泥尘、煤烟尘和硝酸盐等。
PM2.5粒径小,这种细微颗粒(fine particles)富含大量的有毒、有害物质(toxic and harmful
substance)且在大气中的停留时间长、输送距离远,因而对人体健康和大气环境质量的影响更大。
低碳经济 low-carbon economy
“低碳经济”是指在可持续发展理念(sustainable development concept)指导下,通过技术创新(technological innovation)、制度创新(system innovation)、产业转型(industrial
transformation)、新能源开发(new energy development )等多种手段,尽可能地减少煤炭石油等高碳能源消耗(high carbon energy consumption),减少温室气体排放(greenhouse gas
emissions),达到经济社会发展与生态环境保护双赢的一种经济发展形态。
低碳技术 low-carbon technology
低碳技术(low-carbon technology)是指涉及电力(power)、交通(transportation )、建筑(construction)、冶金(metallurgy)、化工(chemical engineering)、石化(petrochemical)等部门以及在可再生能源及新能源、煤的干净高效应用、油气资源和煤层气的勘察开发、二氧化碳捕获与埋存等范畴开发的有效掌握温室气体排放的新技术。
低碳生活方式 low-carbonlifestyle
低碳生活方式(low-carbon lifestyle)代表着更健康、更自然、更安全的生活,同时也是一种低成本、低代价的生活方式。低碳不仅是企业行为,也是一项符合时代潮流的生活方式。低碳(low carbon),意指较低(更低)的温室气体(二氧化碳为主)排放,就是低能量(low energy),低消耗(low consumption )的生活方式。
碳足迹 carbon footprint
碳足迹指直接或间接支持人类活动所产生的温室气体总量(the total amount of greenhouse
gases produced to directly and indirectly support human activities),通常用产生的二氧化碳吨数来表示。换句话说,你开车的时候,发动机在燃烧汽油的同时会释放出一定量的二氧化碳,这个量由耗油量和行驶里程决定。你购买食物和商品的时候,生产食物和商品的过程也会释放出一定量的二氧化碳。就算你家的房子是用电采暖,电能产生的过程也是释放二氧化碳的。
碳浓度 carbon intensity
碳浓度指消耗每吨能源所产生的碳排放量(carbon emission)。我们采取措施减少温室气体排放(greenhouse gas emission)就可以降低大气中的碳浓度(carbonintensity)。
可再生资源回收 renewable resource recycling
如今,为了提倡环保,街道两边的垃圾桶都可以进行垃圾分类(garbagesorting),主要分为可回收垃圾(recoverable garbage)和不可回收垃圾(unrecoverable garbage),而我们家庭中常见的则是餐厨垃圾(kitchen waste)。而无法回收的垃圾也并非一无是处,有些发电厂就利用垃圾焚烧(waste incineration)来发电。
绿色就业 green jobs
绿色就业指在节能环保等"绿色"产业中开发就业机会,带动环保产业(environmentalindustries)的崛起。发展绿色节能环保产业,推动节能减排(energy saving andemission reduction)工程、生态恢复(ecological restoration)工程建设,加强环境基础设施(environmental infrastructure)建设,创造就业岗位,应是应对当前金融危机冲击下国内就业压力(employment pressure)剧增的一剂良方。
绿领工人 green-collar worker
绿领工人(green-collar worker)就是受雇于环保经济产业的工人。环保绿领工人(绿领工作)可以满足绿色发展的需要。一般来说,他们实行注重环保的设计(design)、政策(policy)和技术(technology)以加强环境的保护和可持续性(sustainability)。
绿领工人从事的职业包括环境咨询师(environmental consultants),环境或生物系统工程师(environmental or biological systems engineers),绿色建筑师(green building architects),太阳能和风能工程师及安装师(solar energy and wind energy engineers and installers),绿色机动车工程师(green vehicle engineers),“绿色商业”老板("green business" owners),等等。
无烟环境 smoke-free environment
我们在有些公共场所可以看到NO SMOKING的牌子,这类场所就属于smoke-free area(无烟区)。北京市实施最严禁烟令以来,全部室内公共场所都属于无烟环境。
光污染 light pollution
“光污染”指的是一种物理性污染(physical pollution),但标准很难界定。常见的光污染源(light
pollution sources)包括霓虹灯(neo nlight)、装饰灯(decorative light )、广告牌(advertisement
boards)、大厦的玻璃幕墙(glass walls of skyscrapers)等等。
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