新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

新概念英语第二册笔记私人

Let’s have a talk.

dialogue 对话, 可以指正式国家与国家会谈

China and Korea are having a

dialogue.

chat 闲聊，说的是无关紧要的事。

gossip cn.嚼舌头, 说长道短

have a gossip with 与…闲聊

be fond of gossip 喜欢说人闲话

★theatre n.剧场, 戏剧cinema

n.电影院

★seat n.座位

这里的seat指place(指地点)，而不是chair.

take a seat/take your seat 坐下+

来, 就坐

Is the seat taken? 这个位置有人吗?

请坐的3种说法 :

Sit down, please. (命令性)

Take your seat, please.

Be seated, please. (更礼貌)

作为动词的seat与sit的区别

Lesson 1 A private

conversation

【New words and

expressions】

★private adj. 私人的

private life 私生活 private

school 私立学校

public adj. 公众的，公开的（private的反义词）

public school 公立学校

public letter 公开信

public place 公共场所 privacy

n.隐私

It’s my privacy. 这是我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的)

★conversation n.谈话

have a

talk/dialogue/conversation

conversation 一般用于正式文体中, 内容上往往不正式subject of

conversation 话题

They are having a conversation.

talk 内容可正式可不正式, 也可以1 / 329

新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

sit（sat）vi. 就座He is sitting

there.他坐在那儿。

seat vt.让某人就座Seat

yourself.

seat sb. 让某人就坐，后面会加人

You seat him.你给他找个位置.

When all those present(到场者)_D_ he began his lecture.

A. sit B. set C. seated D.

were seated

sit down 坐下；be seated=take

a seat 就坐

★angry adj. 生气的

★angrily adv. 生气的 angry

=cross

I was angry. /He was cross.

annoyed: 恼火的;

pay attention 注意pay

attention to … 对……注意

You must pay attention to that

girl.

pay a little attention 稍加注意pay much attention 多加注意pay more attention 更多注意pay no attention 不用注意pay

close attention 特别注意

★bear(bore, born) v. 容忍

① vt. 承受，支撑，承担，负担

Can the ice bear my weight?

Who will bear the cost? 谁来承担这笔费用？

② vt. 忍受（与can/could连用于疑问及否定句中）

She eats too fast. I can’t bear

to watch/watching her.

How can you bear living in this

place?

bear =stand =put up with I

can't bear/stand you.

endure:忍受,容忍、put up with :忍受

I got divorced（离婚）.I could not

2 / 329

程 I was annoyed.

度 I was angry/cross.

加 I was very angry.

深 I am blue in the face. (脸色都青了,相当生气)

★attention n. 注意

Attention ,please. 请注意(口语)

新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

put up with him

bear/stand/endure 忍受的极限在加大

③.生育 She has borne two

children. 她生了两个孩子。

比较: She was born in Paris. 她生于巴黎。

borne 生育 born 出生

★business n. 事, 生意

① n. 生意 business man :生意人/do business: 做生意 go to

some place on business:因公出差

② n. 某人自己的私人的事情

It's my business.

It's none of your business. 不关你的事。

★rudely adv. 无礼地, 粗鲁地rude adj.

★pay vt. &vi. 支付

① vt. &vi. 支付（价款等）

You can pay a deposit of thirty

pounds… 您可以先付30英镑的定金……I’ll

installments.

pay by

（pay…for sth. 花/支付……（钱）买……）

② vt. &vi. 给予（注意等）；去（访问）

They did not pay any attention.

We paid a visit to our teacher

last Sunday.

③ n. 工资，报酬I have not

received my pay yet.

【课文讲解】

1、Last week I went to the

theatre.

动词go的原义是离开一个地方去另一个地方，与介词to连用后，常加上主语所要去的目的来代表主语的动作目的。

go to the +地点 表示去某地干嘛

go to the theatre = go to the

theatre to see a play去剧场看戏go to the cinema =see a film去电影院看电影

go to the dairy 去牛奶店

go to the + 人 + 's 表示去这个人开的店

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新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

go to the doctor's 去看病；go to

the butcher's 买肉

以下短语中名词前不加冠词：

go to school 去上学；go to

church 去做礼拜；go to

上床，睡觉；go home

I am at home. 在家休息

2、I had a very good seat.

seat一般指戏院、汽车等配置的固定座位，也可以抽象地表示“座位”或“位子”等概念。

the front seat of a car 汽车的前座

Take a seat, please. 请坐。

3、I did not enjoy it.

① enjoy +n. 喜欢,从当中得到一种享受（后面不能跟人I enjoy the

music. /the

dinner/film/program/game

② enjoy oneself/代词 玩的开心

We always enjoy ourselves.

③ enjoy +动名词Jane doesn’t

enjoy swimming.

4、I got very angry.

get在这里有“逐渐变得”的含义，接近become，是个表示过程的动词，表示状态的变化。而I was

very angry则仅表示当时的状态是I am/was angry. 是一个事实、I

got angry. 强调变化过程It is

hot.、It got hot.

got取代be动词，got是半系动词,可直接加形容词。

5、I could not hear the actors. I

turned round.

hear+人:听见某人的话

I could not hear you. Beg your

pardon?

I couldn't hear you./I couldn't

hear a word./I couldn't catch

your words.

I couldn't hear you clearly./I

couldn't catch your words.

Beg your pardon? /I couldn't

catch your words.

turn round =turn around 转身

6、In the end, I could not bear it.

hospital(医院) 去看病；go to bed 生气，并不暗示过程。

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新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

in the end 最后，终于，表示一段较长的时间之后或某种努力之后

She tried hard to finish her

homework by herself. In the

end, she had to ask her brother

for help.

7、I can't hear a word!

I can't hear a word.

hear a word of sb. （a word 等于一句话）

He didn't say a word.

May I speak to Jim?/May I have

a word with Jim?

8、It's none of your business.

one’s business 指某人（所关心的或份内）的事

It's none of

of

your

your business./None

关你的事。

It is my business to look after

your health.

none相当于not any或no one，但语气较强。

none of 这个短语有时可以表达一种断然、甚至粗暴的口气，尤其是在祈使句中：None of your silly

remarks! 别说傻话了！

【Key structures】

简单陈述句的语序

陈述句一定是有主语,有动词,有宾语,有句号

1 ---主语，一般由名词、代词或名词短语构成，通常位于动词之前，动词必须与主语一致，即主语决定动词的单复数形式

2 ---谓语，由动词充当

3 ---宾语，一般为名词、代词或名词短语

4 ---副词或介词短语,对方式或状态提问,往往做状语 I like her very

much

5 --地点状语，一般在方式副词之后，时间副词之前

6 ---时间状语，可以放在句首或句末

简单陈述句一定不能少的是主语,

谓语.

business./It's my business. 不She kept none of his letters. 如果问何时何地,是一个固定搭配

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新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

when and where

[Multiple choice]

7 The young man and the

young woman paid ___d___

attention to the writer.

a. none b. any c. not any d.

no

none——代词，没有任何东西、没有任何人

None knows./None of us

knows.

not——否定词,要放在非实义动词后面

not any=no He didn't pay

attention.

no——形容词、修饰名词

I don't have any friends./I have

no friends.

I have no time./I don't have any

time.

11 The writer could not bear it.

He could not ___c___ it. a. carry

b. suffer c. stand d. lift

bear 忍受=stand

suffer 遭受,忍受 (精神或肉体上)痛苦，suffer后面必须加一种痛苦I suffer the headache.（肉体上的痛苦）He often suffers defeat.（精神上痛苦）

Lesson 2 Breakfast or

lunch?

【New words and

expressions】（5）

★until prep.直到

until用于表示动作、状态等的持续，可译为“一直到……为止”或“在……以前”。在肯定句中，它与表示持续性状态的动词连用，表示持续到某一时刻：

I’ll wait here until 5. 我会在这里等到5点钟。

在否定句中，它通常与描述短暂动作的动词连用，表示“到……为止”、“直到……才”：

She cannot arrive until 6. 她到6点才能来。

His father didn't die until he

came back.

★outside adv. 外面（作状语）

He is waiting for me outside.

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新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

★ring(rang. rung) v.(铃、电话等)响

① vt. 鸣，(铃、电话等)响(这种响是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事)

Every morning the clock rings

at 6.

The telephone(door bell) is

ringing.

而风铃等响要用jingle，jingle (bell)

(铃儿) 响叮当

② vt. 打电话给（美语中用call）

ring sb. 给某人打电话

③ n. （打）电话give sb. a ring

Remember to give me a ring.

/Remember to ring me.

④ n. 戒指

★aunt n. 姑,姨,婶,舅妈(所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼)男性则是uncle: 叔叔

他们的孩子：cousin 堂兄妹(不分男女)cousin的孩子：nephew 外甥；niece 外甥女

★repeat v. 重复

① vt. 重复Will you repeat the

last word?

② vi. 重做，重说Please repeat

after me.

【课文讲解】

1、It was Sunday.

it指时间、天气、温度或距离，it被称为“虚主语”（empty

subject）。作为第三人称单数的中性代词，it可以指一件东西、一件事件或用来指是什么人：

It is a lovely baby.

2、I never get up early on

Sundays.

on Sundays: 所有的星期天,每逢星期天,与一般现在时连用，表示经常性的行为。

介词on一般用于表示某一天的时间短语中：on Monday，on

Monday morning，on that day

当使用last，next，this，that时，介词（以及定冠词）必须省略：I’ll

see you next/this Friday.

never 从来不 (可以直接用在动词前面)=助动词+not (变成否定句,前面一定要加助动词)

I don't like her.=I never like her.

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新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

3、I sometimes stay in bed until

lunchtime.

在表达卧床时bed前不需加冠词：

It’s time for bed now.

You must stay/remain in bed

for another two days.

4、Just then, the telephone rang.

It was my aunt Lucy.

just then: 就在那时

如果不知道对方性别, 他/她可以用it取代Who are you?/Who is it ?

5、I've just arrived by train,

by 直接加交通工具(不能有任何修饰词, 复数)；如果加修饰词, 就要换掉by用in或on

I go out in/on two buses. （指具体的两辆车介词用in/on）如果是特指的交通工具，则要加冠词或其他限定词：My aunt left by the

9:15 train.

by train 乘火车

6、I'm coming to see you. 我将要来看你.

用 come 的现在进行时态 be

coming 表示一般将来，表示近期按计划或安排要进行的动作。同样用法的动词有：go，come，leave，arrive，land，meet，die，start，return，join…

7、Dear me!天哪!英国人说Dear

me!或My dear!

美国人说 : My god! (发啊的音)美英的发音不同.

【Key structures】

现在进行时和一般现在时

现在进行时表示说话的当时正在发生或正在发生的事件,也用来表示现阶段(一段时间)的动向。现在进行时常与now，just，still等副词连用：

by air 乘飞机 by bicycle/bike I am working as a teacher. "现阶骑自行车by boat 乘船 by bus 段"

乘公共汽车by car 乘小汽车 by

land 由陆路by plane 乘飞机 by sea 由海路by ship乘船He is still sleeping. （现在还在睡觉）

Jane is just dressing up. 简正在8 / 329

新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

打扮。

一般现在时表示习惯性动作, 真理,

是过去、现在和未来都会发生的事情。一般现在时一般与频率副词often，always，sometimes，never，frequently，rarely，ever等连用。

Helen never writes to her

brother Tony. She sometimes

rings him.

频率副词往往放在句子中的实义动词前, 非实义动词后；如果既有实义动词又有非实义动词, 要放在两个之间；疑问句中副词往往放在主语后面。在否定句中not必须放在always之前，而且也出现在generally、normally、often、regularly和usually之前；not必须出现在sometimes和frequently之后。表示肯定的速记可以用在句尾；在特别强调和需要对比时，frequently、generally、normally、sometimes、usually等副词可用于句首。I get paid on

Friday usually. very often the

phone rings when I’m in bath.

非实义动词 :

① 系动词(be) ② 帮助动词构成时态的助动词

③ 情态动词(must, can, may) 除此外皆实义动词.

I frequently go to bed hungry.

（形容词作状语）

He went to school hungry.饿着肚子上学.

You must come here hungry.空腹来这里.

【Special Difficulties】

以what开头的感叹句：

在英语中可用what引导的感叹句来表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等感情，在感叹中主谓语采用正常语序。What 对名词感叹，结构：What

+a/an (+adj.)+n.(+主语+谓语)!What a good girl (she is)!

（主、谓可省）有上下文和一定的语境, 才能省略形容词。一般省形容词表示批评或不大好的意思。

What a thing to say! 多么难听的话啊！

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新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

What (a lot of) trouble( he is

causing)!

【Multiple choice questions】

8 He ___a___ out of the window

b. saw c. remarked

d. watched

look 表示看的动作，后面一定要加介词

see 表示看的结果，后面直接加宾语

watch 表示观看，后面直接加宾语, 但宾语一定是能够活动的东西

look at pictures (对)；watch

pictures(错)

11 Breakfast is the first ___d___

of the day.

a. food b. dinner

d. meal

c. lunch

Lesson 3 Please Send Me a

Card

【New words and

expressions】（11）

send sth. to sb. /send sb. sth.

给某人送（寄）东西

send/take children to school：take强调某人亲自送；send则是通过第三人去送, 如美国的校车

take flowers to his wife 自己送

send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送

★postcard n. 明信片

两个爆破音在一起，前者失去爆破音。这里/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音

name card /visiting card 名片

Here is my name card. (口语常用,

同时伴随着递出的动作) ID card

身份证 （ID 身份）

credit card 信用卡

cash card 现金卡储蓄卡工资卡(不能透支)

★spoil(spoiled，spoilt) v. 使索然无味, 损坏

and saw that it was raining. ★send v. 寄, 送

lunch 中餐 food 食物

dinner 正餐

一天中最丰盛的那顿饭, 可能是中餐, 也可能是晚餐, 但决不会是早餐. meal 一顿饭

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新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

① vt. 弄坏，损坏，糟蹋 The rain

spoiled the school sports. ②

vt. 宠坏，惯坏，溺爱

Don’t spoil your children. 不能太惯孩子。

spoil: 把东西质量变差; 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱；break: 打破;

break the windows 打破玻璃

damage: 破坏, 程度不一定很重

destroy : 破坏, 彻底摧毁

以上三个指物理上的破坏;spoil主要指精神上的

★museum n. 博物馆Palace

Museum 故宫

★public adj. 公共的

① adj. 公共的，公众的，社会的

There is a public library in this

town.

I always sit in public gardens on

Sundays.

② adj. 公开的，众人皆知的

Their secret meeting was made

public 20 years later.

public house（酒吧简称pub

public place 公共场所

in public 公开的；in private

私下里的

Let’s have a conversation in

private.让我们私下谈谈?--Why

not have a conversation in

public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?)

③ n. 公众，群众，大众

The public is/are pleased with

his explanation. 公The

museum is open to the public

on Sunday.

★friendly adj. 友好的

friendly是形容词，单独使用时一般做定语；作状语表人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly way

He always greets me in a

friendly way.

以-ly结尾的形容词还有lovely，brotherly，fatherly，manly，motherly

★waiter n. 服务员, 招待员

waiter(男服务员), waitress(女服务员), 只出现在餐馆里chief waiter

领班

11 / 329

新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

shop assistant 商店里的店员

attendant n. （其他公共场所的）服务员

★lend v. 借给

lend to（借出）：lend sth. to

sb/lend sb. sth.

borrow from（借进）：borrow sth.

from sb./borrow sth. （borrow不能用 borrow sb sth.）

He borrowed my pen

yesterday.

★decision n. 决定

make /take a decision作出决定

It was not easy for me to

make/take this decision.

make a big/great decision (big：decide v. 决定

★whole adj. 整个的

a whole bottle of milk 一整瓶牛奶

the whole…，the whole day 整天 ，two whole weeks 整整两星期

整天

all of后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词；一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加the

all of us；all of the students

★single adj. 唯一的, 单一的反义词double 双倍的

【课文讲解】

1、Last summer, I went to Italy.

last：① adj. 上一个last summe

② adj. 最后一个，表示“最后一个”时要加冠词the

the last day 最后一天 （具体到一天及一天的早中晚都要用on）

2、A friendly waiter taught me a

few words of Italian.

不同

teach sb. sth. 教某人做某事

He teaches our English.(错)He

teaches us English.(对)

语言不可数, 所以要用a little

Italian或a few words of Italian

I can speak a little English/a few

重大；great：伟大, 更重大) Italian于Italy 注意重读音的位置all th…，all the day (the可省略) words of English.

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新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

a few可与复数可数名词连用，表示肯定，含有some，a small

number of（一些，少数几个）的意思。

The police would like to ask him

a few questions. 警察要问他一些问题。

3、Everyday I thought about

postcards.

think about/of 考虑, 思考，指某一段时间一直在想/考虑某事,

think of还可指想到

What do you think of TV

program last night?

think over 仔细考虑，反复思考

What’s the weather like today?

cold, chilly（非常非常冷）, freeze

I'll freeze.我要冻僵了

4、I spent the whole day in my

room, but I did not write a

single card!

spend与表示时间的词或短语连和时，意思为“花（时间）”、“度过”. spend+时间+地点 : 在什么地点我花费/度过了多少时间

I spend three hours in the sea.

I spend my weekend at my

mother's.

I spend a lot of time in traffic

jam.(交通堵塞)

spend还可以表示“花钱”

I can’t spend any more on this

car.

【Key structures】

一般过去时

一般过去时通常表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。它通常指动作何时发生，而不指动作持续多久。

Do you ever catch a cold in the

winter?

Yes, I caught a cold last winter.

【Special Difficulties】

直接宾语与间接宾语

双宾语：直接宾语(表示动作结果，动作所涉及的事物)和间接宾语(动作目标，动作是谁做的或为谁做的，通常是人)。间接宾语大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前，如果间接宾语在后，间接宾主前必须加“to”（表

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示动作对什么人做）或“for”（表示动作为什么人而做）。give sb.

sth./give sth to sb

间接宾语在后面时, 其前必须加to(对……而言)或for(为……而做)。可以翻译为“给”、“替”、“为”的，就用for；如果只能翻译为“给”的, 就用to

与to相连的give, take, pass, read,

sell, buy，pay，hand，bring，show，promise，offer，owe

take flowers to my wife.

与for相连的 buy, order, make,

find

I buy a book for you ./make a

cake for you

find sth. for sb./do sb. a favor

帮某人一个忙

Do me a favor please./Do a

favor for me? 帮我个忙

Can I order something for you?

Can I buy you a bottle of beer ?我请你喝杯酒的意思

【Multiple choice questions】

4 ___a___ him a few words of

Italian? The waiter.

a. Who taught b. Who did

teach c. What did he

teach d. Whom did he

teach

人做主语提问——who 对宾语提问——whom

who既可以对主语提问也可以对宾语提问, 而whom只能对宾语提问如果对主语提问, 则句子的语序和陈述句语序一样；如果对非主语来提问, 则句子要使用特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的语序

7 He spent the whole day in

his room. He was in his room

___c___ day.

a. the hole b. the all c. all

d. all of

all (the) day

all of 后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词all of us；一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加the

all of the friends all of my

friends all of the students

11 He made a big decision. He

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___b___ .

a. thought about it b.

made up his mind c.

changed his mind d.

made a wish

make up one's mind:下定决心make a wish : 许个心愿, 愿望,

许愿

Lesson 4 An exciting trip

【New words and

expressions】（6）

★exciting adj. 令人兴奋的

exciting adj. 令人兴奋的；excited adj. 兴奋的

-ed: 自己感到 / -ing:令人感到

The news was exciting.

an exciting boy 令人兴奋的男孩

I am excited.

excite v. 使。。激动 The news

excited me.

interesting adj. 令人感到有趣的；interested adj. 感到有意思的interesting man

interest v. 让……感兴趣

The book interests me. 那本书让我感到很有趣

★receive v. 接受, 收到

① vt. 接到收到，得到

You need a large room if you

guests.

receive是“收到”，指的是一个被动的动作，主观上接受与否不清楚。receive/have a letter from sb.

accept 同意接收

This morning I received a bunch

of flowers from a boy,but I

didn't accept it.

take则是主动的“拿”、“取”

I received a beautiful pen from

my uncle. My brother took it

from me yesterday.

take 也可以作收到

take the exam 接受考试； take

advice 接受建议

★firm n. 商行, 公司

company n. 公司

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think about:考虑、思考、想 ② vt. 招待，接待

change one's mind:改变主意 are going to receive so many

新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

区别：company针对的是某一个特定的公司。例如说“我们公司”这句话英文就该说“Our

company”而不说“Our firm”

firm是任何的一个企业，可以是独资、合资或是股份有限公司。firm和company相比之下概念更广泛，一般来说，对一般企业的总称用firm多余company。

★different adj. 不同的

① adj. 不同的，相异的（经常与from连用）

We are planning something

different this year.

我们今年有不同的打算。

My room is different from

yours.

② adj. 各种各样的，不同的

This department store sells a

large number of different things.这家百货商店出售许多各种各样的东西。

He has visited many different

adv. 在国外（副词, 直接和动词连用）

go abroad 去国外 /live abroad国外定居

study abroad 国外学习

【课文讲解】

1、He is working for a big firm

and he has already visited a

great number of different

places in Australia.

work for 在……上班/供职于，强调work

I am working for a school.

work in 强调地点（在哪个地方上班）

I am working in the New

Oriental school.

work at 上班 She works at a

department store.

a number of后面一定要加可数名词复数；通常number前有great，large，good，small，certain等形容词，数量大小也随之改变。a

great number of 类似于, 约等于A large/great number of our

places in China. ★abroad a lot of；

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students are Danish.

There are a small number of

spelling mistakes in your

homework.

a lot of 可加可数名词也可加不可数名词

2、He has just bought an

Australian car and has gone to

Alice springs, a small town in

the centre of Australia.

has gone to 去了某地没回来

has been to 曾经去过某地, 现在不在那个地方

3、My brother has never been

abroad before, so he is fending

this trip very exciting.

before在句子后是副词, 译为“在此之前”，是现在完成时态的标志

find作“发现”、“发觉”讲时宾语往往带补足语（一般为形容词），说明宾语的状况、性质等。

find +宾语+形容词做宾补

happy

be finding在口语中经常使用

I' . . We’re

...

下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时：believe，doubt，see，hear，know，understand，belong，think，consider，feel，look，seem，show，mind，have，sound，taste，require，possess，care，like，hate，love，detest，desire

【Key structures】

现在完成时

现在完成时表示动作现存的结果，或者过去发生的事对现在的影响。常与现在完成时连用的副词和副词短语：before (now)（以前）；it’s

the first tiem（第一次）；so for（到目前为止）；so far this morning（到上午为止）；up to now（直到现在）；up to the present（直到目前）；just（刚刚）；recently（最近）；already（已经）；lately（最近）；now（现在）；for 一段时间；since+时间；still（还；仍）；at last（终于）；finally（最终）；疑问句

find the room clean/ find her

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和否定句中常用ever，yet，never，not…ever等。

I’ve planted fourteen rose

bushes so far this morning.

I have lived here for several

years now and I’ve made

many new friends since I have

lived here.

现在完成时还可和表示频度的副词连用，表示反复和习惯性动作，如often（经常），frequently（屡次），three times（三次）等。

I’ve watched him on TV

several times.

【Multiple choice questions】

3 Tim is in Australia. He went

a. to b. in c. at d. into

at… 表示位置（be at是典型表示位置的介词短语）

go to… 只要有to这个感念, 它的后面一定要有宾语, go to the

theater

He went in.

go into… 有去向的动作, 还有进入的动作 go into the room

move常用的意义是“动”、“移动”，在表达“搬家”这个意思时move可以单独使用，也可组成短语move to，move into，move

in，move out。

move in:搬进来、move to the

new house:正在搬

move into :搬进去了/move out

搬走

11 He will soon visit Darwin.

He will visit Darwin＿c＿. a.

quickly b. for a short time

c. shortly d. in a hurry

quickly 指的是动作上的快He

for a short time 不久, 表示动作延续一段时间

soon = shortly 不久以后, 表示在这段时间之后，强调的是时间上的快

in a hurry:匆忙的（指动作）

numbers

___a___ Australia six months ago. went quickly .

go in… (in 做副词)很少加宾语 Lesson 5 No wrong

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【New words and ★cover v. 越过；覆盖

① vt. 盖，覆盖

She covered the child with a

coat.

② vt. 行过（一段距离），走过（通常不用被动语态）cover+距离

越过……

expressions】（7）

★message n. （口头或书面的）信息

Here is a message for you from

your sister.

an oral/written message 口信/便条

leave sb. a message 给……留便条

I'll leave you a message.

take a message for sb. 替某人捎口信

Can I take a message for you?

我能替你捎个口信吗? Can you

take a message for me?

take a message to sb. 给某人口信

打电话 :

Hello!--May I have a word

with Tom ?/May I speak with/to

Tom?--Can you take a

message for me?

information n.信息（不可数）

messenger n. 送信人，信使

You can cover the distance to

the museum in ten minutes. 、

③ n. 覆盖物，盖子，罩子，套子

Put a cover on the box!

★distance n. 距离 keep

distance 保持距离

distant adj.远距离的

importance

difference

n.

n.

重不要

同

important adj. 重要的

different adj. 不同的

★request n. 要求, 请求

① n. request for 对……有请求, 有需求

I have a request for the cake.

He granted my request for

more time. 他同意了我延长时间的请求。

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She sent a request for help to

Gary. 她向加里求助。

require do sth. 要求某人做……

You are required/asked to do

sth.

★spare adj. 备用的

① vt. 抽出（时间等），让给

Have you got five minutes to

spare?

② vt. 饶恕，赦免The robbers

spared his life.

③ adj. 多余的，空闲的，剩下的，备用的

You can sleep in the spare

bedroom.

Where can I get spare parts for

this machine?

★service n. 业务, 服务

service作不可数名词时通常用于表示旅馆、餐馆以及商店等对旅客、顾客等的侍候、接待或服务；作可数名词时可以表示为帮助他人所采取的行动或所做的工作。

The service in that hotel is quite

good.

You have done me a great

service.

service既可以指公用事业的业务，如：the mail service（邮政业务）、the telephone service（电话业务）；也可指办这些业务的机构，如：a travel service（旅行社）、a news

service（通讯社）。

At your service. = I am glad to

be at your service.

我很乐意为您效劳.

serve v. 服务, 接待

【课文讲解】

1、 Scott has a garage

in Silbury and now he has just

bought another garage in

Pinhurst.

garage n. 车库, 车行（英美读音不同）

another(+单数名词) 其它的很多个中的一个，

Can you show me another?

other(+名词) adj.其它的(可加20 / 329

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单/复数名词)

the other 两个之中的另外一个

一个……

One is watering the flowers,

and the other is reading.

others(不用再加名词)= other +

名词复数

Some boys are playing football,

and others are rowing/(going

boating).

2、Pinhurst is only five miles

from Silbury, but Mr. Scott

cannot get a telephone for his

new garage, so he has just

bought twelve pigeons.

介词from在这里表示距离上相隔，作“距……”、“离……”讲，常与away连用

It is far (away) from here.

Bus stop is only one mile from

school/here.

Bus stop is only one mile

(away).

? 多远（对距离提问）

How far(away) is the bus stop?

How far is your home(from

here)?

My home is ten miles away

from here.

get a telephone 得到电话,

安装电话

3、Yesterday, a pigeon carried

the first message from Pinhurst

to Silbury.

carry v. 带着, 携带（其强调所携带的东西不会着地）I carried my

son. （背或抱着）

take v. 带着I take my sister to

the cinema.

from…to…表示从一个地方到另一个地方

He looked at the girl from head

to foot.

The news spread from house to

house. 家家户户都得知了这条消息。

4、The bird covered the distance

in three minutes.

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one…the other… 一个……另

新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

cover the distance 飞过那段距离

5、Up to now, has sent

a great many requests for spare

parts and other urgent

messages from one garage to

the other.

up to now =up till now 到目前为止，到现在为止(作时间状语，时态多用现在完成时，相当于until/till now) request

对……的需求

许多……

a great many可以做形容词短语：

A great many trees were

destroyed in the storm.

也可作代词短语：

He has read a great many of

the books in this room.

a great number of(+可数名词复数) 许多……

urgent adj. 紧急的something

urgent 紧急的事情

【Key structures】

一般过去时与现在完成时

在表示过去某个特定时间发生的事情或动作时，要用一般过去时。在表示刚刚或者已经完成一个动作并且对现在有影响时，则要用现在完成时，时间状语可以是不特指的now，just或者for引导的一段时间，或者不加任何时间状语。

一般过去时与现在完成时的共同点：动作在过去都做过了；区别：没有任何关系.

现在完成时, 强调过去的事情对现在产生的影响.

I have eaten a piece of bread

this morning. I'm not hungry.

The clock stopped. 陈述事实

The clock has stopped. 过去的事实对现在造成影响

It snowed yesterday.

It has snowed yesterday. 强调对现在造成影响

【Special Difficulties】

带way的短语

for 过去式只能强调过去的事, 和现在a great many(+可数名词复数) I ate a piece of bread.

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in the way 按照，以……方式

Do your work in the way I have

shown you. 按我给你示范的方法来做你的工作。

I fly the kite in the way you

showed me.

in the/one’s way 挡路；妨碍（某人）

Sorry, you are in the way.

Don’t stand in the way. I

can’t see the blackboard.

in this way 这样,以这种方式

He saves old envelopes. In this

way, he has collected a great

many stamps.

in a way 从某种意义上来说，在某种程度上

In a way, you are kind.

in a friendly way 用友好的方式

in the family way 怀孕了, 快有小孩了(have a baby)The

woman is in the family way.

by the way 随便说一声, 随便问一下

By the way, have you seen

Harry recently?

on the/one’s way(to) 在去……的途中(陈述句) :

on the way to school/the

office；on the way home

out of the way 让路

Get out of the way! 你给我滚出去!

get one's own way 随心所欲

(at one’s pleasure)

Children get their own way

during the holidays.

【Multiple choice questions】

4 Mr. Scott cannot get a

telephone for his garage.

___b___ he has just bought

twelve pigeons.

a. That's so b. That's why c.

Because d. For

so表示前面是原因, 后面是结果

That's why+从句 那就是……原因, 前者是原因, 后者why后面是结果was caught in the traffic

jam. That's why I was late.

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That's后面的表语从句常常用特殊疑问词引导, 再加一个句子.That's

when we can start class.

That's where we will have a

meeting.

That's how I get to school.

Mr. Scott has a garage in

Silbury. His ___b___ garage is in

Pinhurst

.a. another b. other c. else d.

different

在语法上, 冠词（an/a）、形容词性物主代词（his/my/your）、名词所有格（my mother's）不能同时并存的, 一般要用只能用其中一个

another=an +other 另外一个，强调的是剩下的还有好几个当中的一个, 强调的是有三个以上

other 其它的, 加单数就表示一个, his取代the的位置语法的范围正在放宽松, his another 也对, 但不太好else 其他的，放在被修饰词的后面, 会修饰两种词, 疑问词和不定代词

修饰疑问代词： who else,…

What else can I do for you?

修饰不定代词：anyone else,

anything else

Lesson 6 Percy Buttons

【New words and expressions】（4）

★beggar n. 乞丐

beg v.乞求I beg your pardon?

beg for 乞求得到

ask for 请求得到（ask sb. for sth.向某人索要某物）

★food n. 食物（不可数）a lot

of food

★pocket n. 衣服口袋

inner pocket 内口袋；jacket

pocket 夹克的口袋；coat

pocket 大衣口袋pocket book

袖珍书

pocket dictionary袖珍词典pocket pick 车上的小偷

pocket money (小孩的)零花钱

change 零钱get exact change准备好正确的零花钱

beer money (男人的)零花钱

★call v. 拜访, 光顾

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① vt.&vi. 叫，喊I heard

someone calling.

call out =shout 大声喊

② vt. 呼唤，召唤Lucy is sick.

Please call a doctor.

③ vi. 访问，拜访；（车、船等）停靠

Amy called (at our house)

yesterday.

The train calls at large stations

only. 这列火车只停大站。call on

sb. 拜访某人

call at+地点＝visit someplace

拜访某地

④ vt.&vi. 打电话

call sb =call up sb. 给某人打电话

call back 回某人电话

at my door.

★knock ① vi. 敲门I knocked,

but no one answered.. knock

at 敲（门、窗等）

knock at the door；knock at the

window

② vt.&vi. 碰撞You always

knock things off the table. 你总是碰掉桌上的东西。

Jim was knocked over by a bus

this morning. 今天上午吉姆被一辆公共汽车撞倒了。

She has knocked a cup over

again.她又碰倒了一杯子。③ vt.

把（某人）打成……状态

He knocked Tom out yesterday.

他昨天把汤姆打昏过去了。

④ 与off连用时有一些特殊含义，Can you take a message for me? 一般用于口语

=Can you tell him to call back? vt. （价格上）减去，除去，打折扣

call in sb. 招集和邀请某人

For the project, the government

called in a lot of experts.

【课文讲解】

1、Yesterday a beggar knocked

They knocked five dollars off

the price of the coat.

The shop assistant knocked

10% off the bill.（He reduced the

price by 10%.）

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vi. 下班，停止，中断（工作等）

When do you usually knock off?

你一般何时下班？

He knocked off for lunch at half

past eleven. 他十一点半休息吃中午饭。

2、He asked me for a meal and a

glass of beer.

ask (sb.) for sth =request for sth.

问某人要什么东西

（for为了这个目的去请求某人, sb.更多的时候不出现, ask for sth.）

The boy asked (his parents)for

money again.

3、In return for this, the beggar

stood on his head and sang

songs.

in return for this 作为对……的回报，作为交换

I'll buy a present for him in

return for hospitality.

in return 作为回报

In return for your help, I invite

you to spend the weekend with

my family.

He doesn't want anything in

return. 他不想得到任何回报

stood on his head 倒立

stand on one's hands 用手着地(hand单数就是一只手, 双手复数)stand on one's knees 跪着,

膝盖

lie on one's back 仰面躺着

lie on one's side 侧躺/lie on

one's stomach 趴着

4、Later a neighbour told me

about him.

介词about可以和一些动词连用，以表示“关于……（的）”、“涉及……（的）”

Please tell me about the

accident.

tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事（about关于, 通过其他事自己得出的结论）

tell you about the word 解释这个单词的意思

tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某件事(把事情直接告诉)

5、Everybody knows him.

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everybody作主语一定作单数看待, 属于不定代词

所有的不定代词作为主语一律为单数看待 : somebody，anybody，everything等

6、He calls at every house in the

street once a month and always

asks for a meal and a glass of

beer.

calls at 光顾，拜访

in the street（英国）/on the street（美国）

once a month 一个月一次,

单位表达方式

once adj. 表示每……一次（表示频率时后面直接加表示时间的名词）, 计量单位 “/” （每……）

five kilometers an hour

He goes back to the South once

a year.

【Key structures】

A, The and Some

当表示不确定的某个人或物时，用不定冠词a/an（单数, 可数名词）；当表示不可数的名词时，则需要由

不定冠词加量词组成词组。

在表示一种笼统概念（某某一类/一种东西）的陈述句中可以省略a和some

A tiger is a dangerous animal.

/Tigers are dangerous.

Salt is necessary for/to us all.

表示某个确定的人或事物或者上文已提到过的人或事物，则要用定冠词the（有时相当于this/that/these/those）,可数名词单/复数或不可数名词均可。

在姓名、地名、国名（非复合词）以及月份、星期等前面不加任何冠词。

a和the的区别：a是泛指, a man；特指, the man

在文章当中第一次出现名词的时候往往用a和an修饰, 第二次出现的时候用the

A man is walking towards me.

The man is carrying a parcel.

The parcel is full of meat.

She always buys flour, sugar

and tea at the grocer's.

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一般姓名前一般不能加冠词，表示“某某一类人当中, 具有这种特征当中的一个”，加不定冠词a

a Mr. Zhang 张先生这类人

【Special Difficulties】

短语动词

某些动词的后面加上介词或副词以后就会改变词义, 这种新的组合称作短语动词

put v. 放put on 穿上，戴上

take v. 拿走take off 脱掉，摘掉

look v. 看look at 看；look

for 寻找；look after 照顾；look out 当心；look out of 向外看

call :call at；call on；call in；call

back；

call for 去取某物, 去接某人；需要

The problem calls for

immediate action. 这个问题需要立即采取行动

knock v. 敲knock at 敲门

knock off 下班He knocked

off earlier.

knock off 打折 Knock 10%

off the price.

把……撞倒，如果有地点，用介词off；无地点，用介词over knock

sth. off+地点

I knocked the boy off the

bicycle.

knock over A car knocked the

boy over.

knock out 打晕, 在拳击场合中,

把人打倒在地叫knock out(专用术语) He did not know how to

fight, but he knocked the boxer

out.

【Multiple choice questions】

6 Everybody knows him.

___a___ know him.

a. They all b. Each c.

Every d. All they

all of us, we all 我们所有人

every +n. 每一个(书, 本,

人等)

every person likes…

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each adj.&pron. 每一个

each +n；each 直接作主语或者宾语

each /each

every只能是形容词性，强调整体，常用来指一个大的、不确定的数目，不能直接做主语；each既可作形容词，又可作代词，强调个体，常用以一个确定的并通常是有限的数目，在作代词时，直接作主语或宾语，使用第三人称单数

Every child enjoys Christmas.

Each of us has his own work

to do.

They each have a share.

10 She gave him a piece of

cheese. He put the ___a___ of

cheese in his pocket.

a. bit

b. bar c. block

d. packet

block n. 房子；块, 一大块；v.

堵塞

packet 一包

12 All the houses in our ___a___

are the same age and size. a.

street b. way c. road d.

route

same age and size 同年代同样式

street 两边有房子的街道, 强调城市里的街道

way, on the way, in the way 挡住某人的路(强调方向) road 路的通称

road home 通往家的路 《(我的父亲母亲》英文名)

route 路线

〖语法精粹〗

girl even won't have her

lunch

finishing

finishes

状语从句中, 用一般现在时取代将来时.

who have applied for

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before she__D__her

is

D.

homework.A. will finish B.

ished

a bit of /a piece of 在英文中经常互用

bar 门闩 : 长条状 : a bar of

chocolate/soap

新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

the post__A__in the office. A. are

being interviewed B.

interviewing

C. interviewing (光动词+ing不能构成谓语)

D. to be interviewing (不定式不能构成谓语动词)

面试

old scientist __C___to do

more for the country.

A. is wishing B. has been

D. wishing C. wishes

has been wished

D为被动语态，从语法上说合理, 但不合情

表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时态.wish sb.

to do 希望某人做某事

Lesson 7 Too late

【New words and

expressions】（13）

★detective n. 侦探detective

story 侦探小说

★airport n. 机场

are

★airfield n. 飞机起落的场地

port 港口；airport 航空港at

the airport 在机场

field 田野；airfield 停机坪on the

airfield在停机坪上★expect

v. 期待, 等待

① vt.&vi. 预计，预料

his teacher expected.

正如他老师所预料的那样，吉姆数学考试没及格。

② vt. 等待，期待，盼望（心理上的等待）

They are expecting guests

tonight. 今晚有人要去他们那里作客。

expect所表示的等待一般暗含着根据某些信息或规律而作出相应反应的意思，而wait for主要接续“等待”这个动作本身。

expect sth.I expect a letter from

Jimmy.

expect do sth. 期待某人做某事

I expect you to write back.

apply for 申请 interview Jim has failed in mathematics as

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wait for sth./sb. 动作上的等待I

wait for my mother.

③ vt. 认为，猜想（一般用于口语）

I expect so./I think so. 我希望如此［口语］

I expect you’ve heard the

news. 我想你已经听到这个消息了。

★valuable adj. 贵重的★precious adj. 珍贵的

adj.有价值的

valuable/ precious

precious adj. 珍贵的（带有一定的感情色彩）

precious photo 珍贵的照片

-less 表否定;

priceless adj. 没有价格的, 无价的

valueless adj. 没有价值, 不足道的

worthless adj. 无价值的

★diamond n. 钻石diamond

ring 钻石戒指

水晶；jade 玉

★steal（stole，stolen） v. 偷

① vt.&vi. 偷盗，行窃

英语中“偷”用steal和rob来表达，宾语是物，用steal；宾语是人，用rob；跟地点相连，也用rob

steal sth. 偷(某物)My wallet was

stolen.

rob sb. 抢(某人) rob the bank

② vt. 巧妙地占用，偷偷地弄到手

heart. 他已赢得玛丽的芳心。③ vi.

偷偷地行动，悄悄靠近

He stole into the room. 他悄悄地进了房间。

★main adj. 主要的

main building；main street；main sentence；main idea

main不能与人连用

★guard n. 警戒, 守卫

life guard 救生员/body

guard 保镖

keep guard 守望，警戒

They kept a close guard over

value n.&v. 价值；valuable He has stolen away Mary’s

precious stone 宝石；crystal the thieves. 他们对小偷们严31 / 329

新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

加看管。stand guard 站岗，放哨

【课文讲解】

1、The plane was late and

detectives were waiting at the

airport all morning.

all一般直接加表示时间的单数名词构成副词短语，如：all day，all

night，all week，all winter，all

year等。但不说all hour。

whole在表达同样的意思时一般要加冠词或数词，如a whole

day/year，two whole weeks。

all morning=all the morning

detectives 没有强调一些侦探或者那些侦探, 强调侦探这种人，笼统感念, 可不加some, the

2、A few hours earlier, someone

had told the police that thieves

would try to steal the

diamonds.

a few hours earlier 几个小时以前

= a few hours before/a few

hours ago

would +do 过去将来时,间接方式,

转述, 站在过去看未来

3、When the plane arrived,

some of the detectives were

waiting inside the main

building while others were

waiting on the airfield.

代词others常常和some连用，表示“有些（人）……，也有些（人）……”或“有的……，其余的……”

one…the other… 一个……另一个……

some…others… 一些……另一些……

Some students are very

hard-working, others are not.

others=other+名词复数

5、Two men took the parcel off

the plane and carried it into the

Customs House.

take sth. off…=take sth. away

from…

and carried it into…carried 表示看得很重

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Customs House 海关

6、While two detectives were

keeping guard at the door, two

others opened the parcel. To

their surprise, the precious

parcel was full of stones and

sand!

…were keeping guard at the

door, two others opened the

parcel.

表面上是分工, 两个动作同时发生,

不是同时开始同时结束, 延续时间不一致, 长一点时间的动作用进行时态, 短时间的动作用过去时.

When someone knocked at the

door, I was having dinner.

keep guard守卫

They kept a close guard over

the thieves.

at the door 在门边(固定搭配)

two others=two other

detectives

to one's surprise,让某人惊讶的是

To one’s +表情绪名词to one's

joy/to one's excitement

be full of ...装满My bag was full

of books.

【Key structures】

过去进行时

过去进行时的构成：be的过去式+现在分词

过去进行时和一般过去时经常同在一个句子里使用。过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作或情况，一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。正在进行中的动作或情况往往由连词when，while，as，just as等引导。

when，while 当……时候（强调动作同时发生）

while+从句, 动词一定是延续性动词

when+延续性动词/瞬间动词

while能用when代替，但是when却不一定能用while代替。while通常只引导持续时间较长的动作，并且主句和从句可以同时用过去进行时，而when和as一般不这么用。

John was watching TV while his

wife

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was talking with a

新概念英语第二册笔记(完美打印版)精品资料

neighbour over the phone.

Just as I was leaving the house,

you came in.

when也可引导较短暂的动作，while和as一般不行。

We were having supper when

the lights went out.

过去进行时往往与表示一段时间的状语连用，如all morning，all

night，all day，all evening，the

whole week等，表示这段时间一直在干什么。

What were you doing all

evening? I couldn’t find you

anywhere.

过去动作同时发生的时态

① 过去两个动作同时发生, 习惯上一个用一般过去时, 另一个用过去进行时；动作长用过去进行时,

动作短用一般过去时; 分工的情况,

动作的开始时间和结束时间几乎相同, 均用过去进行时;

I was listening to the radio, my

sister was dancing.

When my mother was doing

the housework, my father was

watching TV.

② 两个动作在同时段进行, 在不同时间结束, 先发生的动作未结束,

另一个动作发生, 先发生的动作用进行时态, 另一个动作用过去时.

When I was opening the door,

the telephone rang.先开门/When the telephone was

ringing, I opened the door. 电话先响

③ 瞬间动词（如：arrive）没有进行时态, 所以两个动作同时发生,

延续性动词用进行时态, 瞬间动词使用过去时态.

When he arrived, I was having

dinner.

I am arriving 进行时态表示将要

【Special Difficulties】

短语动词中的小品词

许多动词加上介词或副词后就会改变词义，这些介词和副词通常被称为小品词。它们没有词形的变化。有些小品词既可以作介词又可以作副词。判断一个小品词是副词还是34 / 329

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介词要看小品词有没有带宾语。有宾语的是介词，没有宾语的是副词，介词的位置相对固定，不能变动。

① vi.&vt.+ prep./adv.+宾语(n.)

She is walking up the hill.

② vt.+宾语(n./pron.)+adv.

take off the coat =take the coat

off =take it off

put on your shoes =put your

shoes on =put them on

I always take money with me.我身上总带些钱

【Multiple choice questions】

9 The parcel was valuable. It

was ___c___ .

a. worth b. worthy c.

precious d. value

n. 价值

worth v. 值得……，后面一定要加词

worthy adj. 有价值的

be worthy of… 值得……

This book is worthy of being

read [to be read]. acts worthy of

punishment 应该受处分的行为

worthless adj. 无价值的

something is worthless(后面不加任何东西)

Lesson 8 The best and the

worst

【New words and

expressions】（5）

★competition n. 比赛，竞赛（暗地里的竞争）

race n. 比赛，竞赛car race

match n. 比赛football

match

baby contest 宝宝大赛；beauty

contest 选美

game : 游戏, 运动

★neat adj. 整齐的, 整洁的，clean adj. 干净的neat=tidy

valuable= precious value contest n. 比赛（更广泛）

something is worth…

(动名词)

The book is worth three dollars.

The book is worth reading. 井井有条

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tidy (up) the room 整理房间

swimming pool 游泳池pond 池塘（天然的）《golden pond》—金色池塘

【课文讲解】

1、Joe Sanders has the most

beautiful

beautiful.

Bill's garden is the largest.

Bill’s garden is larger than

Joe’s. （比较的东西都是同类的事物 joe’s 的“’s”不能省略）

2、Nearly everybody enters for

'The Nicest Garden

Competition' each year, but Joe

wins every time.

nearly和almost意义相似，表示“几乎”、“差不多”、“差点儿”的意思。I have nearly forgotten

his name.

enter for 报名参加（各种竞赛，garden in our

town.=Joe's garden is the most

考试等活动）

win（won，won） v. 赢

② vt. 赢得……win something

后面往往是奖品,不能接对手I win

the book.

win a prize 赢了奖win a prize

for…因为……而获奖

defeat+对手 I defeat you.

3、Bill Frith's garden is larger

than Joe's.

名词加-’s表示所属关系，构成名词的所有格。这类名词往往指有生命的东西，特别是人。所有格的语法作用相当于形容词，限定后面的名词。这个被限定的名词在上下文中第二次被提到时可以省略，只要不引起误解。

4、He has made neat paths and

has built a wooden bridge over

a pool.

make和build在这里是同义词，“修建，建造”。make的词义比较笼统、广泛，可解释为“做、作出、制造”等，而build主要限于★pool n. 水池(人工的) ① vi. 赢I win. /I lose. (输了)

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建筑业，指“建造，建设，盖房子，修筑（桥梁）等” Have you made

the skirt by yourself? They have

made a road along the river.

【Key structures】

most/least连用，如narrow，clever，common，pleasant等。

clever— cleverer— more clever

fun adj. 快乐 more fun

（美国人用）

⑤ 有些构成是不规则的：

good/well(better

bad/ill(worse

little(less least)；

far(farther further , farthest

furthest)

（farther:距离上远和更远further:程度上更进一步）

further more(更有甚者)

old(older elder, oldest eldest)

older 比……大 She is older

than somebody

elder 做定语修饰其他名词elder

sister (年长的)姐姐

2、比较级和最高级的用法

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

比较级相当于汉语中“比……更……”这种句型，最高级则表示在某个范围“最……”的概念。最高级在使用时前面通常要加定冠词the，并有一个短语或从句限定其范围。

1、比较级和最高级的构成：

① 单音节词和少数双音节词在词尾加-er，-est，以辅音加-y结尾的词变-y为-i，再加-er，-est

② 以-e结尾的词加-r，-st

③ 以一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词要双写最后一个字母，再加-er，-est

④ 三个或者是三个音节以上（多音节）

比较级的构成 : more+原级

最高级的构成 : the most+原级

有一些双音节词既可在单词结尾加-er，-est，也可与more/less和best)worst)most)；；；many/much(more

在使用比较级时，如果需要把所比较的两项都提到，那么就必须比较级后用than：

My room is cleaner than the

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one next door.

如果比较级之所指很清楚，它可独立存在：

Which house do you prefer?I

prefer the older one.

最高级的限定范围一般用of，among，in等介词短语；限定范围也可以是从句；如果范围很清楚，则可以省略。John is the tallest of

the three brother.

Mary is the most intelligent

person I’ve ever met.

【Special Difficulties】

every构成的合成词

every和one，body，thing可以构成复合不定代词everyone，everybody，everything。Everyone和everybody一般可以替换使用，后面的代词既可以用单数，也可以用复数，但它们本身均被视为单数。

Everyone/Everybody

what he has to do.

=Everyone/Everybody knows

what they have to do. 每个人knows

都知道自己必须做什么。

Everything is going well. 一切都很顺利。

each和every均可译为“每一个”，两者常可互换。every只能是形容词性，强调整体，常用来指一个大的、不确定的数目，不能直接做主语；each既可作形容词，又可作代词，强调个体，常用以一个确定的并通常是有限的数目，在作代词时，直接作主语或宾语，使用第三人称单数

Every/Each time I wash the

car it rains.

Enter and Enter for

enter① vt.&vi. 进入enter+地点名词

Always knock on the door

before you enter.

② vt.&vi. 参加，加入

We’ve entered into an

agreement. 我们已达成一项协议。He soon entered their

conversation.

enter for+表示比赛、竞赛、考试38 / 329

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的名词 报名参加, 强调报名 garden. a. grow b. grow tall c.

enter for the exam

She entered (her name/herself)

for

竞赛。

take part in 真正的参加

2 Will you enter ___for___ this

week's crossword competition?

crossward 文字游戏

3 Many athletes have entered

___for___ the Olympic Games

this year.

【Multiple choice questions】

8 Joe wins every time. He

always ___b___ Bill Frith.

a. wins

gains

b. beats

d. earns

c.

the mathematics

competition. 她报名参加数学grow up d. grow big

grow vt. 种植: grow sth; grow

flowers…

vi. 生长: sth. grow; flowers are

growing

grow tall/grow big 变得……（一般不加形容词）

grow up 只和人连用, 表示人的长大

Lesson 9 A cold welcome

【New words and

expressions】（7）

★welcome n. 欢迎；v. 欢迎

① n. 欢迎 a cold welcome 冷遇

② v. 欢迎 welcome to+地点

welcome to China；；welcome

home；welcome back

welcome.

★crowd n. 人群

① n. 人群 in the crowd 在人群中

对手关系不能用win

v. 打败；打

earn money

9 Joe grows more flowers.

More flowers ___a___ in his

defeat v. 击败 defeat sb. beat ③ adj. 受欢迎的You are

gain =get sth. earn vt. 挣得 You are welcome to+地点

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I spotted him in the crowd. 我在人群中一眼就认出了他

a crowd of people 一群人，没有次序的人群, 拥挤的人群a group

of people 一群人，有次序的人群

② v.拥挤, 挤满

a large crowd of people 一大群人

crowds of people 许多人, 人山人海

★gather v. 聚集

① vt. 使集拢，集合，召集

He gathered a large crowd of

people round him.

② vt 收集，采集，收（庄稼等）

The children are out in the field

gathering flowers. 孩子们在外面地里采花。

It has taken me a lifetime to

gather all these books.

③ vi. 集拢，聚集，集合

They gathered under the Town

Hall clock.

people gathered 人们聚集在一起, 尤指自发性的

★hand n. (表或机器的)指针；手

minute hand；second hand；hour hand

second hand 二手的，旧的，秒针

wait me a moment/wait me a

few seconds(for a few secs.)

（secs.是seconds的缩写）

★refuse v. 拒绝

① vt. 拒绝（接受、服从等）She

refused the gift.

② vt. 拒不，不肯，不愿

John refused to change his

mind. 约翰拒不改变主意。③ vi.

拒绝，不接受

I offered to pay him for his help,

but he refused.。

★shout v. 喊叫 scream

尖叫

call out 大声喊叫cry out

大声哭喊

【课文讲解】

1、A cold welcome 冷遇

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cold adj. 冷的, 寒冷的, 冷淡的

cold fish 冷漠的人My brother is

a cold fish.

lucky dog 幸运的人

2、On Wednesday evening, we

went to the Town Hall.

morning，afternoon，evening前如果加修饰词则用介词on，否则用in .Town Hall 市政厅

3、It would strike twelve in

twenty minutes' time.

★strike v. 打，击；敲，弹（钟，乐器等）

① v. 打，击She struck the man

in the face.

② v. 敲，弹（钟，乐器等）

strike the clock（人）敲钟clock

strike 钟自己响

Listen, the clock is striking.

strike twelve 数字表示敲击的次数

minutes'名词所有格，用来表达时间

名词所有格表示时间或距离

It will leave in five minutes'time.

in twenty(minutes'time)名词所有格可省略

How far is the school from

here?

3 minutes' walk. 三分钟路程。

4、We waited and waited, but

nothing happened.

waited and waited 等啊等啊,

强调动作的重复（walked and

walked；run and run）

happen vi.事情做主语, 事情发生

What happened? Nothing

happened.

5、It was true that+从句 ……是一个事实

6、The big clock refused to

welcome the New Year.

refuse to do sth. 拒绝去做某事

7、At that moment, everybody

began to laugh and sing. at

that moment = just then 就在那时

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at the moment = now 现在,

此刻, 在此时

【Key structures】

② 表示日期：on June 1st；on

23rd March（在书写日期时没有冠词，但在口语中则分别读为：on

June the first；on the 23rd of

March）

③ 表示星期+日期：on Monday,

June 1st

④ 表示具体时间：on Wednesday

evening on that day

3、用at的时间短语有：

① 表示确切的时间：at five to

twelve；at ten o'clock

② 表示用餐时间：at

lunch/dinner time；at teatime

③ 表示其他时刻： at noon；at

midnight；at that time

4、during在……期间，后必须跟一个名词，可以指整个一段时间，有时可以用in替代

He has phoned four times

during the last half hour.

I met him sometime during the

week.（不能用in代替） 我是在这一周的某天遇到他的。

during the holiday 强调假期引导时间状语的介词in/on/at/during/till与until

1、用in的时间短语有：

① 表示一天中的某段时间：in the

morning；in the afternoon；in

the evening

② 表示周、月份、年份：in a week；in January；③ 表示季节：in

summer；in spring；in autumn；

in+表示时间长度的短语可以表示“在某段时间之内”，这时可以与现在时、过去时或将来时连用，一般与完成某动作有关；还可译为“……时间之后”，一般与将来时连用。根据时态判别in 表示的含义

in twenty minutes' time 20分钟之后

We will finish class in half an

hour.

2、用on的时间短语有：

① 表示星期：on Monday；on

Friday

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的从头到尾

He enjoyed himself during his

holiday.

in the holiday 强调这段时间其中某一点时间, 并不表示自始至终

I was caught in an accident in

the holiday.

5、from…till… 指一段明确的时间：

The tourist season runs from

June till October.

6、until prep.&coin. 直到……时候，直到什么时候为止, 直到什么时候才

until主句和从句两个都用一般过去时对(最习惯的一种用法), 主从句任何一个用过去完成是也对

I can't enter for the sports

meeting until tomorrow.

We hadn't disturbed him until

he finished work.

We didn't disturb him until he

had finished work.

We didn't disturb him until he

finished work.(更习惯于这种用法)

7、时间表示方法 : What’s the

time?/What time is it?

A整点 : A o’clock A点B分（B<30）: A B / B past A

A点15分 : A fifteen / fifteen

past A / a quarter past A

A点30分 : A thirty / half past

A

A点B分(B>30) : A B / (60-B) to

(A+1)

A点45分 : A forty-five / a

quarter to (A+1) / fifteen to

(A+1)

【Special Difficulties】

Any，Any and No

any 用于否定句和疑问句中,

some用于肯定句(或要求得到肯定回答的疑问句)

Do you have any friends?/I

don't have any friends.

not 用在非实义动词后面, 实义动词前面.

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这两种否定的意义是相同的。

I have no friends.

no可构成复合词nobody，none，nothing，nowhere；any可构成复合词anybody，anything和anywhere。

一句通常只能有一个否定词（包括never，hardly等）

【Multiple choice questions】

8 How many times did the

clock ___d___ ?

a. hit

b. beat c. knock

d. strike

had stolen the bicycle.

Lesson 10 Not for jazz

【New words and

expressions】（11）

★musical adj. 音乐的

musical student 有音乐天赋的人

music student 学音乐的人

★instrument n. 乐器=musical instrument

instrument常用的意思是“器械”、“器具”，尤指医疗、机器等方面的。也可用来泛指各种乐器。

★clavichord n. 古钢琴, 不是现代的piano

a kind of instrument

★recently adv. 最近(=lately)

★damage v. 损坏

① n. 损害，损失，伤害

The storm has done a lot of

damage to the village.

② vt. 损害，毁坏，损坏

The car was badly damaged in

the accident.

★key n. 琴键

敲门用knock；敲钟用strike

hit（轻）和strike（重hit hard)在一定的时候可以互换, 一般表示打一下beat v. 连续不断的打

beat drums 敲鼓

12 It refused to welcome the

New Year. It ___c___ .

a. denied it b. wanted to c.

didn't want to d. wished to

deny v. 否认, 拒绝去承认, 后面一般加名词

deny the fact/ I denied that I

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① n. 琴键 ② n. 钥匙，答案

key to the door 门钥匙

Do you know the key to the

question?

③ adj. 关键的key structure

★shock v. 使不悦或生气, 震惊

① v. 使不悦或生气, 震惊

跟人的情绪有关的动词的宾语往往是 “人” (以sth.为主语)The

news shocks me. 这个消息使我震惊

② adj. 令人震惊的It is shocking.

③ adj. 感到震惊

凡是能够用 “人” 做宾语, 又是表示人的情绪活动的动词, 有两个形容词形成：令人……（V+ing）；感到……（V+ed）I'm shocked.

④ n. 震惊get a shock /sb. get a

shock 某人很吃惊

shock 必指坏事, 令人不悦, 生气的

surprise 好事坏事都可以, 只要你没有料到的

★allow v. 允许, 让allow

doing sth.

Smoking is allowed.＝people

allow smoking

allow sb. to do sth. /

allowed to do sth.

allow常用于被动语态

★touch v. 触摸

① vt.&vi. 触摸，碰

You are not allowed to touch

the vase.

② vt. 谈及，涉及，关系到

A rise in the cost of living

touches everyone. 生活费用的增加与每个人都有关系。

【课文讲解】

1、It is called a clavichord.

call在这里的意思是“把……称为”、“称呼”，既可用于主动态，也可用于被动语态。

call ./ called 称某人为……，什么被称为… What do

you call this? 你们把这称为什么？

2、It has belonged to our

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I want to give you surprise.

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family for a long time.

belong是一个表示状态的动词，而不是行为动词，所以不能用于进行时，常用的时态是一般现在时和现在过去时。This farm belongs to

me and it belonged to my

father before me.

play n. 玩，演奏（乐器等）

① 跟球类连用, 直接+球类;

② 跟乐器连用, +the+乐器, 演奏乐器而非音乐

③ play music on + 乐器 , 一定要用 “on”

【Key structures】

被动语态

主动语态与被动语态皆指动词的形式而言。在主动句中，动词的主语是执行动作的人或物；在被动句中，动作是对主语执行的。

被动语态由be的一种形式和过去分词构成。主动语态的时态用法规则也适用于被动语态。动词作及物动词用时才能构成被动语态。如果要说明是什么人或什么东西做了某

事，则用“by+行为主体”结构。“行为主体”也可以不表示出来。

【Special Difficulties】

与被动语态的made连用的几个介词

made in表示产地或时间 It was

made in Germany.

制造后不变该材料原来的性质或形状）The tea pot is made of silver.

made from用数种材料制成或是制造后改变了材料原来的性质或形状 Paper can be made from

wood.

made by由谁制造This cake was

made by my sister.

be made into 被制成……

The gold is made into a ring.

双重所有格/双重属格 : 名词+of+名词所有格(名词性的物主代词)

英语中通常用-’s和of结构来表示所有格。-’s结构通常用在人名和表示人称的名词的末尾，而of结构则常与无生命的名词连用。-’s结构的所有格可用于of结构之后，称3、She tried to play jazz on it!

made of用某种材料制成（通常指46 / 329

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为双重所有格。在名词前可以用a，this，that，these，some，any，no等，但不用the。

He is a friend of mine. 含有“他是我的一个特殊的或惟一的朋友”之意。

He is no friend of mine. 含义是“我根本不认识他”或“他是我的敌人”

强调很多当中的一个或几个的时候,

选用双重属格结构a friend of my

father/my father's friend(s) 只有一个朋友a friend of my

father's 很多朋友中的一个It

我的很多朋友中的一个

【Multiple choice questions】

9 It's kept in the living room.

That's where we ___a___ it. a.

have b. hold c. lift d. carry

keep(kept,kept) v. 保持，保存

keep sth.+地点 在某地放……(状态)

put v. 放(动作)；lift v. 举起；carry v. 扛着, 背着, 抱着

hold v. 拥有, 持有, 握着；have

v. 拥有

That's后面+以特殊疑问词引导的从句

That's where 那就是……的地方

That's why 那就是……的原因

10 The visitor damaged it. She

___c___ it.

a. hurt b. pained c.

d. destroyed

broke

damaged：可以修复destroy：无法修复

pain：有身体的疼痛broke：打破,

I broke my leg.

★hurt ① hurt oneself/身体的某个部位 ……受伤

② 身体的某个部位+hurt ……疼痛

My hand hurts.

③ hurt feelings 伤害……感情，……受伤

Lesson 11 One good turn

deserves another

happened to a friend of mine. 打断, 打碎

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【New words and ★lawyer n. 律师lawyer's

office 律师事务所

★bank n. 银行rob the

bank 抢银行

★salary n. 工资

pay n. 工资(salary+wage，通用)

salary n. 薪金，薪水(月薪, 年薪，通常指职员、脑力劳动者（如律师、教师、医生等）有固定工作或管理阶层的收入，数额比较固定，一般按月支付)

My salary is paid on the 28th

of the month.

wage n. 工资，工钱(按小时,

周计算的，通常指技工或一般体力劳动者，不稳定的工作人的收入，按周或天支付。一般用复数形式When I worked as a waiter, the

wages were low, but the tips

were good.我当侍者时工资不高但小费可观。bonus n. 奖金,

collet v. 搜集, 领取 collect

expressions】（6）

★turn n. 行为, 举止

turn n.（帮助或损害他人的）举动、行为

Yesterday George did me a

good/an ill turn. 乔治昨天做了一件对我有利/不利的事。

He is always ready to do a

turn for others.

★deserve v. 应得到, 值得

① deserve + n. 应该得到……，值得……，应得（奖赏、惩罚等）

He deserves praise. 他应该得到表扬

Yor deserve the best. 你应该得到最好的

（promotion n. 提升）

② deserve sth./to do sth. 应该……

She deserved to be punished.

多劳多得

He deserved a promotion. wages)。

Good work deserves good pay. 分红

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salary/wage 领工资

★immediately（= right away =at

once） adv. 立刻

right now 现在

【课文讲解】

1、One good turn deserves

another 礼尚往来, 善有善报恶有恶报

2、Tony worked in a lawyer's

office years ago, but he is now

working at a bank.

work for…强调工作work in… 强调in后面的地点

working at a bank

(some/several) years ago 名词-s,前面省略了some

3、He gets a good salary, but he

always borrows money from his

friends and never pays it back.

The teachers in the New

Oriental school can get a good

salary.

borrow sth. from sb. 从……借……

never=not 前面不需要加助动词

pay在这里的意思是“偿还（债务等）”，还可解释为“付，支付（价款、账单）等”。Pay既是及物动词也可以是不及物动词。How

much did you pay for that dress?

4、Tony saw me and came and

sat at the same table.

and连接三个并列的动词

at the same table 坐在同一张桌子旁边

at table 吃饭at the table

坐在桌子旁边

5、'I have never borrowed any

money from you,' Tony said, 'so

now you can pay for my

dinner!'

pay for 为……而付钱I have paid

for you a dinner.

ask (sb.) for sth. 问……要……

It's my treat. 我请客

This time is your treat. Next

time is my turn.

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one bad turn deserves another paid the bill. pay back 还钱