高考英语二轮强化训练第五讲阅读理解(二)-Linux大棚

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高考英语二轮强化训练第五讲阅读理解（二）

结构

课程内容：阅读7选5、阅读表达强化训练

课程目标：熟练文体特点，把握解题方法，提高解题速度

课时：2

仿真训练4

（做题时间：7分钟）

Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F

for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.

1. You’re probably most familiar with college dictionaries, often called

abridged dictionaries. Although abridged means “shortened”, these

dictionaries contain more than 150.000 entries and provide detailed definitions

that are sufficient for most college students and general users. College

dictionaries also contain separate lists of abbreviations. Biographical and

geographical names, foreign words and phrases. And tables of measures.

Varieties of college dictionaries

Accessing dictionaries electronically

Elements under a word item

Complete editions of dictionaries

Using dictionaries for particular fields

Features of college dictionaries

Webster’s Ⅱ New Riverside University Dictionary and the American Heritage

Dictionary of the English Language are college dictionaries.

Unabridged dictionaries contain as many as 500,000 entries and provide detailed

definitions and extensive word histories (etymologies). These dictionaries,

possibly in several volumes and mostly found in libraries, are excellent sources

for scholarly inquiries. Unabridged dictionaries include the

Oxford English

Dictionary and the

Random House Dictionary of the English Language.

A dictionary entry has many elements: multiple definitions, syllabication,

preferred spelling and pronunciation (some words have more than one acceptable

spelling and pronunciation), and part-of-speech labels. Some entries also include

plurals and capitalized forms. Synonyms, antonyms, and derivatives. Americanisms

and etymologies may be providing along with usage notes, cross-references, and

idioms. 4

If you prefer using on a computer, you can obtain CD-ROM versions

the dictionary

of many major dictionaries. In addition, you can access numerous dictionaries, such

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WWWebster’s Dictionary, on the Internet. Online dictionaries allow you to enter

a search word (you even get help with spelling) to see a definition, and sometimes

even an illustration. Online dictionaries also offer additional features, such as

word games. Language tips, and amusing facts about words. Some online dictionary

services allow you to access numerous dictionaries, both general and specialized,

in on search.

Specialized dictionaries provide in-depth information about a certain field.

For example there are dictionaries for the specialized vocabularies of law,

computer technology, and medicine. In addition, there are dictionaries of

synonyms, clichés, slang, and even regional expressions. Such as the Dictionary

of American Regional English (DARE). There are also dictionaries of foreign

languages, famous people’s names, literary characters’ names and place names.

答案

FDCBE

解题技巧点评

1．根据第二句的more than 150.000 entries便可确定答案为F，因为它与varieties相对应。

2．根据Unabridged（完整的、未经删节的）确定答案为D ——Complete editions of…。

3．根据A dictionary entry has many elements，以及以下的分解可确定答案为C ——Elements

under … item。

4．根据If you prefer using the dictionary on a computer，以及下文you can access…可确定答

案为B。题干关键词为Accessing和electronically。

5．本段第一句Specialized…about a certain field与E选项的for particular fields相对应，故E

为正确答案。

做此类题的关键首先是确定题干（选项）的关键词，再到文章中找到与其相对应的信息。

仿真训练5

（做题时间：7分钟）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

I was ten when I first sat with my grandmother behind the cashier in her general

store. 1 I quickly learned the importance of treating customers politely and

saying “thank you.”

At first I was paid in candy. 2 I worked every day after school, and during

the summer and on weekends and holidays from to My father helped me

set up a bank account. 3

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By the time I was 12, my grandmother thought I had done such a good job that

she promoted me to selling cosmetics (化妆品). I developed the ability to look

customers directly in the eye. Even though I was just a kid, women would ask me such

things as “What color do you think I should wear?” I took a real interest in their

questions and was able to translate what they wanted into makeup ideas. 4

The job taught me a valuable lesson: to be a successful salesperson, you didn’t

need to be a rocket scientist --- you needed to be a great listener. 5 I expect

they are no longer women purchasing cosmetics from me; instead, they are kids who

tell me which toys they would like to see designed and developed.

A. Later I received 50 cents an hour.

B. Before long, she let me sit there by myself.

C. I ended my selling with a record amount of cosmetics.

D. Today I still carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers.

E. My grandma’s trust taught me how to handle responsibility.

F. Soon I found myself looking more beautiful than ever before.

G. Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought.

答案

BAGCD

解题技巧点评

1．选项B——Before long符合第一句的when I first…的时间逻辑，且sat with my

grandmother

也与she let me sit there by myself相对应。故答案为B。

2．选项A——I received 50 cents an hour与第二空之前的I was paid in candy逻辑关系相符；

此处的时间逻辑是At first和Later。

3．a bank account与Watching my money grow逻辑关系相符，故选项G是正确答案。

4．上文selling cosmetics与选项C逻辑相符。

5．上文The job taught me a valuable lesson和you needed to be a great listener与选项D中Today

I still carry that lesson…I listen to customers逻辑相符。

仿真训练6

（做题时间：7分钟）

阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，完成对每个问题的回答（不多于10个单词）。

A graphic designer?

Would you like to be a graphic designer? Do you like looking at photographs and

pictures? Are you creative? Do you like using computers? Then, maybe a course in

graphic design at Park Hill Graphic Design College is for you.

So, what is graphic design?

Graphic design is a form of visual communication. It is when visual information

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is given to help to communicate a message. There are different kinds of graphic design

around us everywhere in our busy lives. Think about the kind of graphic design which

is around you now.

Have you ever seen a website or magazine and thought about ways of making it

look better? Have you ever thought that certain colors don’t look good together?

Have you ever had a better idea for the sign on a shop or an advert on the side of

a bus? Maybe you’ve thought about how to make the packaging for food more interesting?

These are all things that you could do in the future after studying with us at Park

Hill Graphic Design College.

How to be a good designer?

Good designers need to have good ideas. The ideas can then be made into images.

These can then be changed and developed in many different ways until the best design

is created.

Have you ever heard of Adobe in Design, Macromedia Dreamweaver, Fireworks and

Flash? You will need to learn how to use some of these to help with design. In the

past, many graphic designers had to draw their designs. Now, most graphic designers

use computers for their design work.

So, if you are interested in a job as a graphic designer in the future, then

contact Park Hill Graphic Design College now.

stOur next course begins on 1 September and is free to the first 20 people who

parkhillgraphicdesigncollege. com

1. What is graphic design?

____________________________________________________________.

2. What could you do in the future after attending the course? List TWO points.

____________________________________________________________.

3. How can you attend the course without paying any money?

____________________________________________________________.

答案

1. Graphic design is a form of visual communication.

2. Beautify website，improve the sign or advert, make the packaging interesting.

3. To be one of the first 20 people who register

解题技巧点评

1．题干关键词：graphic design；出处：So, what is graphic design段落第一句。

2．题干关键词：after attending the course；出处：So, what is graphic design标题下第二段最

后一句These are all things… after studying with us。从这句话可判断出答案就是之前表述的各项内容。

3．题干关键词：without paying any money；出处：文章最后一段…is free与题干关键词相符。

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仿真训练7

（做题时间：7分钟）

阅读下面的短文，根据其内容回答问题。

Isn’t the hi-tech communication supposed to help us keep in touch with

each other more easily? Sadly, that is not always the case. Take the other day

for example, when I was walking through the park with my friend, suddenly his

cell phone rang and he answered it ignoring me and cutting our conversation

off! In fact, the park was filled with people talking on their cell phones.

They were passing other people without even looking at them. It was clear that

the voice on the cell phone was preferable to human contact.

Why is it that the more connected we get, the more disconnected I feel? Every

advance in communication technology seems to keep people from human contact. With

e-mail over the Internet, we can now communicate without seeing or talking to one

another. With voice mail, you can have conversations without even meeting that

person.

Don’t get me wrong. I'm not against machines. I also own a cell phone, a voice

mail system and an e-mail account. Giving them up isn't a good idea, as they are

useful to have around. It's just that when they keep us away from human contact,

I begin to feel sad. More and more, I find myself answering e-mails instead of talking

to people. The technology that was made to help keep us in contact with each other

is, in fact, making me lonelier.

What is to be done? Well, I've made myself a technology restriction (限制) plan:

no e-mailing people who live near me, no using my cell phone when I’m with friends,

and no letting the voice mail pick up when I’m at home. I mean, what good are all

these hi-tech things, if there’s no one in the room to hear you say “Hi there!”?

1. According to the passage, which do people prefer, human contact or hi-tech

communication?

__________________________________________________________

2. List all the types of hi-tech communication mentioned in the text.

__________________________________________________________

3. Why does the writer make himself a technology restriction plan?

__________________________________________________________

答案

1. Hi-tech communication.

2. Cell phone, voice mail, and e-mail.

3. Because he thinks sometimes technology keeps him away from human contact and makes

him feel lonelier.

解题技巧点评

1．题干关键词：prefer；出处：第一段In fact, the park was filled with people talking

on their cell

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phones. They were passing other people without even looking at them。

2．题干关键词：types of hi-tech communication；

出处：第一段作者的举例说明和第二段两个with开头的句子。

3．题干关键词：Why … make a … plan；

出处：第三段It's just that when they keep us away from human contact, I begin

to feel sad.开

始阐述理由。It's just that回答了why的提问。

仿真训练8

（做题时间：7分钟）

阅读下面的短文，根据其内容回答问题。

I must have been about fourteen then, and I dismissed the incident with

the easy careless of youth. But the words, Carl Walter spoke that day, came

back to me years later, and ever since have been of inestimable value to me.

Carl Walter was my piano teacher. During one of my lessons he asked how

much practicing I was doing, I said three or four hours a day.

“Do you practice in long stretches, an hour at a time?”

“I try to.”

“Well, don’t,” he exclaimed. “When you grow up, time won’t come in

long stretches. Practice in minutes, whenever you can find them, five or ten

before school, after lunch, between chores. Spread the practice through the

day, and piano-playing will become a part of your life.”

When I was teaching at Columbia, I wanted to write, but recitations,

theme-reading, and committee meetings filled my days and evenings. For two years

I got practically nothing on paper, and my excuse was that I had no time. Then

I recalled what Carl Walter had said.

During the next week I conducted an experiment. Whenever I had five minutes

unoccupied, I sat down and wrote a hundred words or so. To my astonishment,

at the end of the week I had a sizable manuscript ready for revision. Later

on I wrote novels by the same piecemeal method. Though my teaching schedule

had become heavier than ever, in every day there were idle moments which could

be caught and put to use. I even took up piano-playing again, finding that the

small intervals of the day provided sufficient time for both writing and piano

practice.

There is an important trick in this time-using formula: you must get into

your work quickly. If you have but five minutes for writing, you can’t afford

to waste four chewing your pencil. You must make your mental preparations

beforehand, and concentrate on your task almost instantly when the time comes.

Fortunately, rapid concentration is easier than most of us realize.

I confess I have never learned how to let go easily at the end of the five

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or ten minutes. But life counted on to supply interruptions. Carl Walter has

had a tremendous influence on my life. To him I own the discovery that even

very useful hours I need, if I plunge in without delay.

1. What was Carl Walter?

______________________________________________________________

2. How old was the author when Carl Walter told him the words?

_____________________________________________________________

3. What is the important rule to adapt the time-using formula?

_____________________________________________________________

4. Make a summary about Car Walter’s words (in less than 10 words):

_____________________________________________________________

答案

1. Carl Walter was amy piano teacher.

2. Around/About 14 years old /14 years or so (when Car Walter told him the words.)

3. You must get into your work quickly. / You must make some mental preparation

beforehand, and concentrate on your task almost instantly when the time comes.

4. Make good use of every minute you can find.

解题技巧点评

短文理解难度不大，短文的选材符合学生生活实际，学生读后应该有所感悟、帮助和启发。试题的设置不仅考查了学生获取关键信息的能力，还考查了学生读后进行简明扼要的书面表达能力。

1．细节考查。获得直接信息并能正确表达。从文章第二段首句可知答案。

2．细节考查。获得直接信息并能正确表达。从第一段的第一句可知答案。

3．细节归纳题。把比较零碎的信息进行处理整合。在文章的倒数第二段可得知答案。

4．总结归纳题。需要对相关信息进行整理归纳。文章主要是鼓励我们充分利用零碎时间学

习，这样就会有大的成效。A penny saved is a penny earned.

仿真训练9

（做题时间：7分钟）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Some animals can be trained to help humans. For example, specially trained dogs

help blind people walk around the town safely. Some kinds of monkeys can be taught

things too. 1 The monkeys pick up the phone when it rings, carry shopping bags

and do housework.

In the wild, animals and humans are not usually friends. 2 In Africa, the

honey- guide bird works with humans to find food. The bird likes to eat the grubs

(幼虫) — a type of insect that lives inside a beehive (蜂巢，蜂窝). It knows how

to find beehives but it can’t open them and get the grubs. People like to eat honey,

but they aren’t very good at finding beehives. 3 The bird flies to a beehive

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and people follow it. When the people open the beehive and take the honey, they give

the grubs to the bird.

In Laguna in the south of Brazil, fishermen and dolphins work as a team. The

ocean isn’t very clean, so the fishermen can’t see the fish. 4 When the

dolphins find a large group of fish, they make a noise to tell the fishermen. Then

the dolphins push the fish to the beach. The fishermen wait in the water near the

beach and catch a lot of fish in their nets. The fishermen’s nets make it easier

for the dolphins to catch fish too. In Laguna, fishermen and dolphins have been

working together for many years. 5 Meanwhile, the dolphins must be happy to

help because they teach their babies how to work with the humans!

A. So the bird and the people help each other.

B. They attack each other for food or something else.

C. However, dolphins can find them easily by using sounds.

D. In fact, they usually help to get enough food for their babies.

E. The fishermen teach their children how to work with the dolphins.

F. They can learn how to help people who can’t use their arms or legs.

G. However, there are a few interesting examples where they can work together.

答案

FGACE

解题技巧点评

1．首先排除限定了其它动物的A、C、E选项；下文pick up the phone…, carry shopping

bags

and do housework与选项F的help people相对应。

2．首先上句not friends与下文逻辑需要转折词；选项G不仅有转折词，且其中的work

together

也与下文works with humans逻辑相符。

3．上下文对比了人类与这种bird各自的长处、短处，选项A刚好表达了这种情况下的互助。

4．首先fishermen and dolphins限定了选项范围；上文的can't see刚好与选项C中的can find

形成对比，下文When the dolphins find又作了进一步补充。

5．下文teach their babies how to work with the humans与选项E teach their children

how to work

with the dolphins逻辑相符。

仿真训练10

（做题时间：7分钟）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

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The Most Direct Solution to Any Problem

When trying to solve various problems in life, an approach I find very useful

is to first identify what I'd consider the most direct solution, regardless of how

I feel about actually implementing (实施) it. What is the clearest, most direct

path to my goal? 1

Many problems will have multiple direct solutions, but often these solutions

will be unpleasant at first glance because they’ll require courage, self-discipline,

creativity, or persistence to implement. 2

For example, suppose you want to lose weight. And suppose we can say that one

of direct solutions is to eat the same as you’re eating now and increase your

exercise output by 500 calories a day. 3 It may require discipline and

persistence, but most people would agree that it will work if you follow through.

Another example: 4 However, you don’t know how that person feels about

you. One direct solution would be to simply walk up, explain your thoughts and

feelings, and ask if she/he is interested in discussing the possibility of a

closer relationship. This will take less than a minute to say, and regardless of

the outcome, at least you know where you stand. 5 Anyhow it’s very simple

and straightforward.

See if you can identify the most direct solution to some of your problems. What’s

the simplest and quickest way to reach your goals, assuming that you had limitless

courage and discipline?

A. Of course this solution may require a lot of courage to overcome the possibility

of rejection.

B. But if we can get ourselves to follow through, we know the solutions will actually

work.

C. And another important thing is to find out the most efficient way to get around

an obstacle.

D. So the best way to overcome the difficulty is to ask your friends for advice.

E. If you implement this rather simple solution, you’ll lose weight.

F. Suppose you’re interested in starting a relationship with someone.

G. However, the solution implemented does not work.

答案

CBEFA

解题技巧点评

1．上文solve various problems和I find very useful与选项C to find out the most

efficient way to

get around an obstacle逻辑相符。

2．上文often these solutions will be unpleasant at first glance与选项B But if…the

solutions will

actually work逻辑相符。

3．只有选项E与lose weight有关。

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4．选项F中的with someone与下文how that person…逻辑相符。

5．关键词是下文的Anyhow；选项A中的the possibility of rejection与上文逻辑相符。

仿真训练11

（做题时间：7分钟）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Tips for Learning to Read a Foreign Language

Let's suppose you've studied the basics of a foreign language and now wish to become

more fluent in reading it. What do you do?

Every foreign language was spoken for many years before it was written down.

There's good reason to believe that the spoken word comes more easily to us than

the written page. When a person reads a foreign language out loud, it slows the pace

down, and makes the reader pay more attention to each word. It helps us distinguish

very similar words, and prevents us from skipping over those little words that are

sometimes easy to miss when learning to read a foreign language.

Text sizes that are easy to read in English are harder to read in, say, Greek or

Spanish. Of course, if you are having an extreme problem, the first thing you might

want to do is have your eyes checked. But if that is not the problem, while you are

learning to read in a foreign language you may wish to select books with slightly

larger text or to use reading glasses, even if you do not usually use them.

Even when we are reading our native languages, it's easy to see that authors have

favorite words and phrases and their own particular styles. As you are learning to

read a foreign language you will see that the same principle applies. Once you have

looked up a few of the writer's favorite words, and once you have gotten used to

his or her unusual features, it will become easier to read a text written in a foreign

language.

Even in English, when the author writes about something entirely outside of our

own experience, it can be difficult to understand what he or she is saying. If you

study the culture of the foreign language you are trying to learn it will give the

language context.

When selecting material for your study of a foreign language, remember it's easier

to keep reading a story if you're enjoying it. We shouldn't think of learning a

foreign language as purely a chore. Get a novel that looks interesting or a book

of short stories written in the foreign language you are studying.

Because when we don't enjoy doing something, we generally don't continue with

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it. And the more you learn, the more you'll enjoy it.

A. Look up words, but not every word.

B. Sound out the language as you are reading it.

C. Make sure the text is big enough.

D. Take breaks.

E. When reading a new author, go more slowly in the first few pages.

F. Read something that's fun.

G. Learn something about the culture in which the language developed.

答案

BCEGF

解题技巧点评

1．下文多次出现的spoken和reads a foreign language out loud，提示答案为B。

2．下文Text sizes与选项C的the text is big enough逻辑相符。

3．只有选项E与author有关。

4．something entirely outside of our own experience表达了本段与culture有关，故G为答案。

5．下文… if you're enjoying it与选项F：Read something that's fun逻辑相符。

仿真训练12

（做题时间：7分钟）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Happiness

Many people think that when they become rich and successful, happiness will

naturally follow. Let me tell you that certainly nothing is further from the truth.

1 We have all read stories about movie stars committing suicide or dying from

drugs. Quite clearly, money is not the answer to all problems.

2 The secret to happiness lies in the contribution towards the

happiness of others. You can fool others but you can never fool yourself. If you

obtain wealth through luck or dishonest means, you will know you did not earn it.

If you hurt others to earn you wealth, you will not be happy. You will not like

yourself. There are many highly-paid managers and entertainers who do not like

themselves. Outwardly, they seem successful, but deep down they are miserable. They

know they are contributing very little of real value and all the time they live in

fear of being exposed as cheats. They know they are cheating the company, the

government or society. But they can't fool themselves.

3 Happiness is not an end; it is a process. It is a continuous process

of honest, productive work which makes a real contribution to others and makes you

feel like a worthwhile person. As Dr. Wayne wrote, “There is no way to happiness.

Happiness is the way.” There is no use saying “Some day when I achieve these goals,

when I get this car, build this house and have this business…… I will be really

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happy,” Life just does not work that way.

Long-term happiness is a process of moving towards worthwhile goals and

contributing towards the welfare and happiness of others. It does not mean that you

should give away all your wealth. 4 It means doing what you love and loving

what you do. It means achieving your goals and then challenging yourself to bigger

and better things. It means always striving for more, learning and growing. Doing

nothing means death. Activity means life. Find your purpose, set some goals, do what

you love, love what you do, work honestly and productively and contribute real values

to others. In the long term, that's what it's all about.

5 How will you know how to be happy if you don’t try it? It is the

same as acting and feeling rich. Don’t wait for another 10 years to start feeling

rich, successful and happy. Start practicing now and you know what they say

“practice makes perfect.” Pretend that you are rich and you will become rich.

Pretend and act as if you were happy and you will be happy. Pretend and act as if

you were miserable and ……Well, forget about this last one. You have been practicing

that one for far too long.

A. If you wait for certain things to happen and depend on external circumstances

of life to make

you happy, you will always feel unfulfilled.

B. The world is full of very rich people who are as miserable as hell.

C. If you have both self-esteem and money, however, you are well on the way to

happiness.

D. In the short term, you can start practicing being happy right now without any

obvious reason.

E. It means continuously creating values for others through your own honest,

productive work.

F. Wealth achieved through dishonest means does not bring happiness.

G. Long-term happiness is based on honesty, productive work, contribution and

self-esteem.

答案

BFGED

解题技巧点评

1．下文money is not the answer to all problems总结了选项B所陈述的事实。

2．下文If you obtain wealth through luck or dishonest means, you will ...是选项F的详解。

3．下文a continuous process of honest, productive work…与选项G的Long-term…honesty和

productive work等意思相符。

4．选项E continuously creating values for others与上文contributing towards the

welfare and

happiness of others逻辑相符。

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5．选项D的In the short term与上文In the long term形成对比；且start practicing

being happy

right now与下文Start practicing now和Pretend …and you will be happy等意思一致。

课后作业1

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Home can be a great place for children to study. It’s important to provide a

workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their

friends.

● Location

2 Kitchen and dining room are not so well suite for regular study, since

books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas. Set up a place

where a child can settle in and leave papers and pens at band without having to clear

everything away each night. For a child that likes being alone, set aside a corner

of his bedroom, but keep it separate from things like games, music and other hobbies

not related to studying.

● Keeping Things in Order

Parents should encourage their child to spread out, but to leave it neat and

orderly when he isn’t using his workspace. Ownership is very important for

self-respect 3 The workplace should be personal, but not another part of

the playroom.

● 4

Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children

need for success in school. Give them a good example of how to deal with problems,

how to manage time and get things done in the right way. 5 Study will be more

enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family

A. Attitude Is Everything.

B. Bring Organization into Your Home.

C. Here are several ways to choose a location.

D. Building a Good Home Learning Environment.

E. Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example.

F. Setting up a space in a common area of your home can be a good idea for

children.

G. A child who learns to organize his spare will carry organization into every

corner of his life.

答案

DFGAE

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课后作业2

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Some people believe that international sports create goodwill between the

nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together.

Others say that the opposite is true: that international competitions encourage

false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some

truth in both arguments. 1 Not only was there the tragic incident involving

the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused

mainly by minor national competitions.

One country received its second-place medals with visible indignation (愤慨)

after the hockey final. There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match,

the loser’s objection to the final decisions. 2 Their manager was very angry

and he said, “This wasn’t hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation

are finished.” The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could

result in the suspension (停赛) of the team for at least three years.

3 The game had ended in disturbance. It was thought at first that the

United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three

seconds still to play. A Russian player popped it into the basket. It was the first

time the USA had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. 4 The American

players then voted not to receive the silver medals.

5 The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in

non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization

of the Olympic there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism (爱国主义).

A. It is believed that athletes come to the Olympic Games to compete for their

countries.

B. Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively

rather than for the love of the game.

C. An appeal jury discussed the matter for four and a half hours before announcing

that the result would stand.

D. They were sure that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that

their opponents’ victory was unfair.

E. So judges were probably the result of the conflicts between the teams from

different countries in Olympic ball games.

F. But in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that

sports encourage international brotherhood.

G. The American basketball team announced that they would not give up first place

of Russia, after a disputable end to their competition.

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答案

FDGCB

课后作业3

Peter, Helen, Catherine, Elizabeth和Levin 想根据各自在环保方面的兴趣（1-5）进行案例研究。阅读下面某杂志的专题报道摘要（A、B、C、D、E和F），选出适合他们研究的最佳案例，并在答题纸上相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

1. Peter: Reducing plastic and other wastes through DIY.

2. Helen: Making use of the heavy traffic to produce electricity.

3. Catherine: Building a community without private cars

4. Elizabeth: Building houses with recycled materials and energy-efficiency systems

5. Levin: Developing a new type of urban car which burns less gas

Vauban

We know cars are terrible polluters,

but would you give yours up? Vauban, a

community in southwestern Germany, did

just that, and its 5,000 citizens are

doing fine. Most streets are of

vehicles, and there are generous green

spaces and good public-transport lines,

including fast buses and bicycle paths.

When people must drive, they can turn to

car-sharing clubs. “All the citizens

had the chance to plan their own city,”

says Andreas Dellexe, an energy expert,

“and it’s just how we wanted it to

be.”

Trey Parker and Matt Stone

Trey Parker and Matt Stone, creators

of South Park, have built a sustainable

(可持续的) castle with outer siding and

inner flooring of recycled wood,

recycled carpeting, high-efficiency

boiler systems.

I think more and more today, people

are willing to make a statement about the

Earth and how they want to protect it,”

Michael Ruth, home designer and builder

says. “For high-end homes in this

Denmark

During the period of gas shortage in the

early 70s, Denmark decided to become

self-sufficient(自足). So they began a few

projects making smart investments along the

way.

On the island of Satosoc, local families,

fishermen and farmers bought wind turbines

(涡轮机) to produce their own energy, Within

seven years these turbines were completely

paid for. And can you believe just one of wind

turbines produces enough electricity for 600

households?

P-NUT

Who doesn’t love the name P-NUT—short

for Personal-Neo Urban Transport? It’s

Honda’s latest attempt to create a tiny

footprint for a new urban vehicle.

This little P-NUT is unique. With a

central driving position, the car is designed

to move in tight settings. The 11-foot micro

car will seat three with two rear-seat

passengers behind the driver.

“The P-NUT concept explores the

packaging and design potential for a vehicle

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valley, this is entirely consistent with designed for the city lifestyle.” Said Dave

what they cost.” Marek, a Honda design spokesman.

Israel Company

Is it possible that annoying rush hour

traffic could become a source of

renewable energy?

Israel's Technion Institute of

Technology claims that if we placed

special generator (发电机) under roads,

railways, and runways—we could harvest

enough energy to mass-produce

electricity. A trial process has been

used on a smaller scale, in dance clubs

for instance, where the pounding feet of

dancers light up the floor.

“We can produce electricity

anywhere there is a busy road using

energy that normally goes to waste,”

said Uri Amit, chairman of Israel’s

Technion Institute of Technology.

答案

FEACD

Coffee

Coffee. Some of us can’t start our day

without it, and we don’t mind waiting 10

minutes in line for it.

Here is the most effective tip to make you

a superstar in environment protection.

Get a coffee machine for your home or

coffee, or persuade your company into buying

one. (Tell them it will improve

productivity.) Skip the coffee line on the way

to work and make something that is

better-tasting and much better for your

wallet.

Plus, you won’t need those plastic cups

or carrying cases that just get thrown away.

Better yet, use your favorite travel mug.

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第六讲阅读理解强化训练三

结构

课程内容：阅读综合强化训练

课程目标：把握解题方法，提高解题速度

课时：4

仿真训练13

（做题时间：30分钟）

第一节

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Traffic jam and cities, it seems, go hand in hand. Everyone complains about being

stuck in traffic; but, like the weather, no one seems to do anything about it. In

particular, traffic engineers, transportation planners, and public officials

responsible for transportation systems in large cities are frequently criticized

for failing to solve traffic jam.

But is traffic jam a sign of failure? Long queues at restaurants or theater box

offices are seen as signs of success. Should transportation systems be viewed any

differently? I think we should recognize that traffic jam is an unpreventable

by-product of successful cities, and view the “traffic problem” in a different

light.

Cities exist because they promote social interactions and economic

transactions.

Traffic jam occurs where there are lots of people but limited spaces. Culturally

and economically successful cities have the worst traffic problems, while decaying

cities don’t have much traffic. New York and Los Angeles are America’s most crowded

cities. But if you want access to major brokerage houses (经纪行), you will find

them easier to reach in crowded New York than in any other large cities. And if your

firm needs access to post-production film editors or satellite-guidance engineers,

you will reach them more quickly through the crowded freeways of LA than through

less crowded roads elsewhere.

Despite traffic jam, a larger number and wider variety of social interactions

and economic transactions can be made perfect in large, crowded cities than elsewhere.

Seen in this light, traffic jam is an unfortunate consequence of prosperity, not

a cause of economic decline and urban decay.

So while we can consider traffic jam as increasing costs on the areas of big cities,

the costs of inaccessibility (交通不便) in uncrowded places are almost certainly

greater.

There is no doubt that traffic jam brings the terrible economic and environmental

damage in places like Bangkok, Jakarta, and Lagos. But mobility is far higher and

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traffic jam levels are far lower here in the US, even in our most crowded cities.

That’s why, for now, we don’t see people and capital streaming out of San Francisco

and Chicago, heading for cities like California, and Illinois.

1. We can conclude from the first paragraph that ______.

A. traffic jam and weather are the two factors preventing the development of

the big city

B. traffic jam seems to be very difficult to deal with

C. if traffic engineers try their best, traffic jam can be solved

D. public officials are always criticized for misusing their power

2. According to the passage, what's the author's opinion towards traffic jam？

A. In cities, traffic jam is unavoidable.

B. Traffic jam is both a sign of failure and a sign of success.

C. Traffic jam is the consequence of successful cities.

D. For a successful city, traffic jam is not unpreventable.

3. By saying “decaying” (in Para. 4), the writer probably means ______.

A. declining B. developing C. rich and successful D.

strong and healthy

4. According to this article, which statement about “New York” and “Los Angeles”

is true?

A. The traffic jam in the two cities has been worsened.

B. New York and Los Angeles are the most successful cities in the USA.

C. It is easier to reach major brokerage houses in the two cities than in other

cities.

D. Despite the traffic jam in LA, you’ll find a satellite-guidance engineer

more quickly there.

Washington — The largest ozone (臭氧) hole ever observed has opened up over

Antarctica, according to the scientists of the US National Aeronautics and Space

Administration (NASA). They believe it is a sign that ozone-destroying gases

produced years ago are just now causing the largest quantities of ozone to disappear.

This year’s South Pole ozone hole spreads over about 28.5 million square

kilometers, an area three times larger than the landmass of the United States.

Pictures of the hole have been offered by NASA. The hole appears as a giant blue

mass, totally covering Antarctica and stretching to the southern tip of South

America.

“The last time the ozone hole was close to this size was in 1998, when it spread

over about 27.2 million square kilometers,” NASA said.

Paul Newman, who works with NASA’s Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS)

instrument on a NASA satellite, said ozone watchers had expected a big hole this

year, but not this big.

The Antarctica ozone hole, first observed in 1985, is caused by the depletion

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(损耗) of Earth- protecting ozone by human made chemicals such as

chlorofluorocarbons (含氯氟烃), known as CFCs.

“Even though these chemicals were not allowed to use from the beginning of 1987,

they remain in the atmosphere and will continue to do so for years,” Newman said.

“This year’s large hole may have been caused by a change in a swirling high

level air current over Antarctica, which circles the area and contains the zone

hole,” Newman said.

5. The text is mainly about ______.

A. the discovery of the largest ozone hole B. the discovery of the

Antarctica ozone hole

C. the history of the Antarctica ozone hole D. the size of the largest ozone

hole

6. The time 1985 was talked about in the text because it was when the Antarctica

ozone hole ____.

A. was watched by Newman B. was first closed C. disappeared D. was

first watched

7. There is a giant ozone hole over Antarctica because ______ over there.

A. human made chemicals have protected ozone

B. ozone has protected the earth

C. human made chemicals have destroyed ozone

D. human made chemicals have increased ozone

Some recent reports on the death penalty (死刑) have brought some interesting

responses from readers all over the country. Although I really don’t like to make

fun of people who oppose the death penalty because they are so sincere, I wish they

would come up with some new arguments to replace the worn—out ones. For example,

many said something like this: “Wouldn’t it be better to keep the killers alive

so psychiatrists can study them in order to find out what makes them the way they

are?

It takes the average psychiatrist about five years to figure why a guy wants

to stop for two drinks after work and won’t quit smoking. So how long do you think

it will take him to determine why somebody with an IQ of 92 decided to murder the

little old lady who lives next door?” Besides, we have a huge number of killers

in our prisons—more than enough to keep all the nation’s psychiatrists busy for

the next 20 years.

Another standard is: “The purpose of the law should be to protect society, not

to give cruel punishment, such as the death penalty.”

In that case, we should tear down all the prisons and let all the criminals go

because most people would consider a long period in prison to be cruel

punishment—especially those who are locked up. Even 30 days in the Cook County

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Prison is no picnic.

And: “What gives society the right to take a life if an individual can’t?”

The individuals who make up society give it that right. Societies perform many

functions that individuals can’t. We can’t carry guns and shoot people, but we

give that right to police.

Words can not explain the suffering the families of murder victim are left to

live with, the families suffer a terrible loss, and they live with terrible memories.

The knowledge that the killers are alive and will probably remain alive and cared

for you by society is extremely painful. Probably, people who oppose the death

penalty should try explaining to these people how cruel it is to kill someone.

8. What’s the writer’s attitude towards death penalty?

A. Death penalty is a must.

B. Death penalty doesn’t solve all the problems.

C. Death penalty should be practiced more carefully.

D. Death penalty should only be used on murderers.

9. How many arguments against death penalty are discussed in the passage?

A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D.

Five.

10. What does the last sentence of the text suggest?

A. It’s cruel to use death penalty to kill someone.

B. Murder victims need more comfort from the society.

C. Opponents of death penalty should offer explanations.

D. Murderers should be put to death as the punishment.

11. The author develops the passage by ______.

A. providing typical examples of death penalty B. following the natural time

order

C. presenting and analyzing ideas D. comparing opinions from

different fields

At first Kate thought the Romanian girl could not speak and understand English.

Nadia would not reply to anything Kate said. Kate was in charge of showing Nadia

around on her first day at Buckminster Grade School. Kate could not figure out why

the school had put Nadia in a class where she could not understand what people were

saying.

“Why did they do this?” Kate wondered aloud. “I mean, you can’t learn if

you can’t understand the teacher.”

Nadia’s voice was a whisper. “I understand English. I will learn.” Nadia’s

English was perfect.

Kate was perplexed. She couldn’t understand why Nadia did not like to speak.

Then she realized that moving to a new country probably wasn’t the easiest thing

to do. There were hundreds of unfamiliar and unusual things to learn—all at the

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same time.

“There’re a lot of new things to learn, huh?” said Kate.

Nadia nodded rapidly. In a quiet voice she replied, “Many things people say,

I do not understand. I have been speaking English and Romanian all my life, but I

do not know what some children are saying. For example, yesterday a boy asked if

I could help him find the USB port on a thin black box he was carrying. Isn’t a

port a place for ships? It made no sense to me.

“Don’t worry,” said Kate. “You’ll figure everything out in time. You see,

that thin black box was a computer. A USB port is a place where you can connect other

machines to a computer.”

Nadia and Kate were quiet after that. They took notes while the teacher gave

a maths lesson. To Kate’s surprise, Nadia put up her hand and offered to answer

questions at the blackboard.

Nadia handled every question the teacher gave her. Some of the questions were

really difficult, and no one understood what was going on except Nadia and the teacher.

When the teacher said that Nadia answered everything correctly, the whole class

clapped their hands.

Nadia was smiling when she sat back down next to Kate. “Some things,” she said

in a normal voice, “are the same all over the world.”

12. The underlined word “perplexed” probably means ______.

A. puzzled B. angry C. shocked D. serious

13. We can infer from the passage that ______.

A. Nadia did not like Kate B. Nadia had lived by the sea before

C. Nadia had never seen a computer before D. Nadia spoke in a soft voice out

of politeness

14. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Nadia was better at maths than other students.

B. Nadia found some of the maths questions difficult.

C. Nadia was encouraged to answer questions in class.

D. Nadia understood the maths teacher better than other teachers.

15. The author of the story suggests that ______.

A. Mathematics helps to improve communication between cultures

B. Language plays an important role in communication between cultures

C. Answering questions in class makes you better understood by classmates

D. Talking about something familiar gives you confidence in communication

第二节

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you walk into W. Lloyd Jerome's dental surgery (手术) in Glasgow, you’ll

see bright paintings and a fashionable blue couch which patients sit on while he

checks their teeth. Jerome says, ‘That’s because they’re frightened.’

用心爱心专心

16 ‘That’s why I don’t wear a white coat. I find that’s one of the

things that people associate with pain. In fact, my philosophy is that dental

treatment should take place in an atmosphere of relaxation, interest and, above all,

enjoyment.

Which is all highly shocking for anyone who associates dental treatment with

pain, or at the very least, formal, clinical visits. He says, ‘If people are relaxed,

entertained and correctly treated, they will forget such previous unpleasant

experiences.’

Virtual-reality headsets are one of his new relaxation techniques. ‘ 17

The headsets are used for the first check-up, where the patient sits on the blue

couch and watches an underwear film while I look at their teeth. Then the headset

switches to a special camera, to give the patient a visual tour around their

mouth.’

Another key point is that the surgery smells more like a perfume shop than a

dentist’s. Today there is the smell of orange. ‘When people walk in, I want them

to realize with all their senses that it’s not like going to a dentist’s. Smell

is very important. 18 ’

Known as Glasgow’s most fashionable dentist, Jerome is keen to point out that

he takes his work very seriously. ‘ 19 ’

For example, Jerome uses a special instrument which sprays warm water on the

teeth to clean them, rather than scraping them. ‘It feels a bit strange, but as

long as people are relaxed, it’s not painful.’

20 ‘One of the things I found out there was that when you make it easier

for the patient, you make it easier for yourself.’ He sees his patient-centred

attitude as the start of a gradual movement towards less formality in the

conservative British dentistry profession.

At that moment, a patient arrives. Jerome rushes over, offers him a cup of tea,

asks him what video he’d like to watch and leads him gently towards the chair.

A. Five years ago, Jerome went to the United States to do research.

B. He has tried to create an environment where people are not afraid.

C. The relaxation techniques are important but the quality of the treatment is the

most important

thing.

D. We were the first practice in Britain to introduce them.

E. Now they look forward to their visits here.

F. That dental smell of surgical spirit can get the heart racing in minutes if you’re

frightened of

dentists.

G. Fifty percent of the population only go to the dentist when they’re in pain.

答案

1-5 BCADA 6-10 DCABD 11-15 CACAB 16-20 BDFCA

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解题技巧点评

B篇阅读讲述了由于一些化学物质的使用，南极上空的臭氧层被破坏，希望引起人们的重视，停止使用破坏臭氧层的化学物质，以保护我们赖以生存的地球。

注释：

① They believe it is a sign that ozone destroying gases produced years ago are just

now causing the largest quantities of ozone to disappear.

他们相信这是数年前所产生的破坏臭氧的气体现在正在造成大量臭氧散失的迹象。

② ...ozone watchers had expected a big hole this year, but not this big.

臭氧观测者预计到会出现一个大洞，但没有想到这么大。

5．主旨大意题。纵观全文，主要是围绕着最大的臭氧洞的发现论述的。

6．本题为细节考查题。由第六段中的“The Antarctica ozone hole, first observed in

”可得

出答案。

7．本题为细节考查题。可根据第六段中的The Antarctica ozone hole, first observed in

1985, is

caused by the depletion of Earth-protecting ozone by human 得出答案。

仿真训练14

（做题时间：30分钟）

第一节

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A Boy Named Sparky

For Sparky, school was all but impossible. He failed every subject in the eighth

grade. He failed physics in high school, getting a grade of zero. Sparky also failed

Latin, math, and English. He didn’t do much better in sports. Although he did manage

to make the school’s golf team, he lost the only important match of the season.

There was consolation (安慰) match; he lost it too.

Throughout his youth Sparky was awkward socially. He was not actually disliked

by the other students; no one cared that much. He was astonished if a classmate ever

said hello to him outside of school hours. There’s no way to tell how he might have

done at dating. Sparky never asked a classmate to go out in high school. He was too

afraid of being turned down.

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Sparky was a loser. He, his classmates…everyone knew it. So he rolled with it.

Sparky had made up his mind early in life that if things were meant to work out,

they would. Otherwise he would content himself with what appeared to be his

mediocrity (平凡).

However, one thing was important to Sparky—drawing. He was proud of his artwork.

Of course, no one else appreciated it. In his senior year of high school, he sent

some cartoons to the editors of the Yearbook. Although the cartoons were turned down,

Sparky was so convinced of his ability that he decided to become an artist.

After completing high school, he wrote a letter to Walt Disney Studios. He was

told to send some samples of his artwork, and the subject for a cartoon was suggested.

Sparky spent a great deal of time on it. Finally, the reply came from Disney Studios.

He had been rejected once again. Another loss for the loser.

So Sparky decided to write his own autobiography in cartoons. He described his

childhood—a little boy loser and underachiever. The cartoon character would soon

become famous worldwide. For Sparky, the boy who had such lack of success in school

and whose work was rejected again and again was Charles Schulz. He created the Peanuts

comic strip (连环漫画) and little cartoon character whose kite would never fly and

who never succeeded in kicking a football—Charlie Brown.

1. From the first paragraph we can see that Sparky was ______ in high school.

A. a failure B. an artist C. a good player D. a top

student

2. Sparky never asked a classmate to go out with him because he was afraid of ______.

A. making mistakes B. making friends

C. being refused D. being injured

3. In his senior year, Sparky felt confident that he had ability to ______.

A. play golf B. draw cartoons C. learn English D.

write novels

4. His only success mentioned in this passage is ______.

A. his golf match in high school B. his artwork sent to the

Yearbook

C. his subjects in the senior year D. his autobiography in cartoons

5. From the passage we can infer that Sparky is a ______ person.

A. weak B. proud C. disabled D. determined

Besides calling 911, here is what to do in some life-threatening emergencies

when no one is around to help.

Lost in the wilderness

First, you’ve got to acknowledge you’re in trouble. Stay where

you can be seen clearly and remember to rest. Keeping a sense of

humor helps too—it reduces stress and helps creative thinking.

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In a wide open area, make a colorful cross out of rocks to show your present position.

Choking

Aim to hit the top of the chair against your stomach, in the soft

part below the bony upside-down V of the ribs (肋骨). Make a sudden

push against the chair. If you still can’t breathe after six tries,

call 911, even if you can’t talk. Write the word choking somewhere

nearby, and leave the line open until help arrives.

Severe bleeding

Use your hand or clean cotton, or paper towels, or a scarf, or

any cloth you can find, and push down on the wound until the

bleeding stops. But if you put a band around your leg tightly,

you're going to close the vessels (血管) to the entire leg. In

this way, you could lose your foot.

Bear attack

If you surprise a bear, don’t run away. That invites an attack.

Instead, stand up and back away slowly, without looking the bear

in the eyes. If it does charge at you, stick out your chest, raise

your arms, and spread your legs. Shout at the bear, to frighten

it. If it’s going to attack, lie facedown, with your hands held

firmly behind your neck. Play dead until you’re sure the bear

is gone.

6. When you see a colorful cross made of rocks in the wilderness, you know ______.

A. someone is bleeding B. someone is choking

C. someone is lost D. someone is attacked by a bear

7. If you are still choking after six tries, you should ______.

A. keep a sense of humor B. call 911 and leave the line open

C. use your hand or clean cotton D. lie down with your hands behind

your neck

8. Don’t tie around your bleeding leg tightly, or you could ______.

A. stop bleeding B. reduce stress C. lose your foot D. cause

breathlessness

9. The passage is mainly teaching us how to ______.

A. survive the emergencies B. avoid a bear attack

C. deal with a choke D. find our way

Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that

writing is too hard. They never write, unless homework requires it. They find the

writing process painful and difficult.

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How awful it is to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it, especially

with its rich vocabulary. Being able to speak but not write is like living in an

enormous mansion and never leaving one small room. When I meet students who think

they can’t write, I know, as a teacher my duty is to show them the rest of the rooms.

My task is to build fluency and accuracy while providing the opportunity in any

writing activity to enhance (增强) the moral and emotional development of my

students.

One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every

day.

Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done just like

exercise; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise, writing skills improve

quickly with writing practice daily. I often see a rise in student confidence and

performance after only a few weeks of journal writing.

Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to

strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they are

practicing for their future academic, political, and emotional lives. They build

skills so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed

legislation (法规), or the perfect love letter. That they write in their journals

every day puts them a step closer to fluency, eloquence (雄辩) and command of the

language.

10. What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To encourage students to keep a journal every day.

B. To analyze students’ problems in learning languages.

C. To stress the importance of writing in language learning.

D. To introduce an effective way of improving students’ writing.

11. The underlined phrase “an enormous mansion” in Paragraph 2 refers to students’

______.

A. writing opportunity B. large house

C. large vocabulary D. emotional life

12. In the author’s view, what can students benefit from the journal writing?

A. It is beneficial to students’ future career. B. It can make students

more emotional.

C. It is helpful to students’ homework. D. It can enlarge students’

vocabulary.

As the pace of life continues to increase, we are getting more and more stressed

and we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing

through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But

learning to live with a certain amount of stress is of great significance while

relaxation is completely necessary for a healthy mind and body. (CP)

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Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. (P1)

In fact, it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be. A certain amount

of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when

the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual.

(P2) Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime

material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of

unusual difficulties.

When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically.

In fact, we make a choice between “fight” and “flight” and in more primitive

days, the choice made the difference between life and death. The crises (危机) we

meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves

the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure

to stress, that health becomes endangered. (P3) Such serious conditions as high blood

pressure and heart disease have formed links with stress.

Since we cannot remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even

if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it to keep our mind and body healthy.

(C)

13. What does the author mainly want to tell us in this passage?

A. Relaxation is necessary for our health.

B. We should get rid of stress in a proper way.

C. Long lasting stress usually leads to serious diseases.

D. We should learn to live with a certain amount of stress.

14. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 probably means that _______.

A. even a little stress causes us to make a choice between life and death

B. we react both chemically and physically though we are under slight pressure

C. we must answer whether we should remove the stress no matter how small it is

D. the stress is not big but it can lead to serious heart disease or high blood

pressure

15. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?

第二节

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The History of the Internet

The 1990s saw great changes in the way people communicate. People could send

mail without going to the post office, and go shopping without leaving home. Words

like e-mail and download became part of people’s vocabulary. 16

The idea for the Internet began in the early 1960s in the United States. The

Department of Defense wanted to connect their computers together in order to share

private information. In 1969, the ARPA net (an early form of the Internet) first

connected computers at four American universities. One computer successfully sent

information to another. In 1972, scientists shared ARPA net with the world. They

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created a way to send person-to-person messages using ARPA net. 17

Over the next few years, there was a lot of progress made in the world of

computing. 18 Then, in the 1980s, personal computers became more common. In

the early 1990s, two important things happened: the birth of the World Wide Web in

1991, and the creation of the first Web browser (浏览器) in 1993. The World Wide

Web made it easier to find information on the Internet, and to move from place to

place using links. 19

Today, millions of people connect to the Internet to send e-mail, visit websites,

or store information on servers. The Internet is now an important part of our lives.

A. Therefore, computers were so popular that most Americans used the Internet.

B. It is changing how we learn, work, shop, and communicate. （首尾呼应，改变生活方式）

C. This was the beginning of e-mail. （关键词与主题句一致）

D. The cause of this great change was the Internet.（关键词与主题句一致）

E. However, most people were not using the Internet.（关键词与前后句相符）

F. It will promote the development of science and technology in the future.

G. The Web browser made it possible to see information as a web site with pictures,

sound, and words.（关键词与其中的一个重要发明一致）

答案 DCEGB

解题技巧点评

A篇阅读中心思想：一个人无论遭遇多少失败，只要有自信心，并执着追求目标，必将取得成功。

1．细节判断。根据第一段落主题词failed和lost判断。

2．细节理解。根据第二段落主题句Sparky was awkward socially以及细节He was too afraid

of being turned down.判断答案。

3．细节判断。根据第四段落主题句However, one thing was important to Sparky—drawing以及上下文判断。

4．细节理解。根据最后段落的主题句The cartoon character would soon become famous

worldwide. 此处The cartoon指Sparky写的自传。

5．推断作者观点态度。根据文章中心思想对文章主人翁的评价—执着。（鼓励学习困难生）

B篇文章主旨：危境中自救、存活的方法。要求考生的阅读能力：准确摘取必要信息。

6．细节题。根据题目Lost in the wilderness判断。

7．细节题。根据第二幅图以及相应段落中的关键信息。

8．细节题。根据第三幅图以及相应段落中的关键信息。

9．主旨归纳。综合四幅图以及相应的四个段落，以及根据文章开始的总体介绍。

（教学生一些自救方法）

C篇文章主旨：介绍提高写作能力的有效方法。

10．篇章意图：根据文章主旨推断。

11．推测词义：mansion词义通常为“大宅子”，此处比喻为词汇量。根据本段第一句判断。

12．作者观点：作者在最后的段落中表达了训练学生写作意图：they are practicing for

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their future academic, political, and emotional lives… 。

13．作者意图：本文第一段中的句子“But learning to live with a certain amount of

stress is of

great significance…”文章的主论点。据此可推断作者意图。

14．推测句意：根据本段的主题句When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react

both

chemically and physically.判断。

15．篇章结构：

主论点learning to live with a certain amount of stress…

论点1 Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid

it.

论点2 The amount of stress a person can withstand depends on the individual.

论点3 It is when such a reaction lasts long that health becomes endangered.

结论 …we need to find ways to deal with it to keep our mind and body healthy.

（注意：本文无次要点）

E篇：训练学生根据段落主题以及上下文、前后句找线索，找出选项的关键词语。

第16题线索是段落主题句The 1990s saw great changes in the way people communicate.

第17题线索是段落主题句The idea for the Internet began in the early 1960s in the

United States.

第18题线索是本段前三句Over the next few years（1972-1980）, there was a lot of

progress made in the world of computing. 18 Then, in the 1980s, personal

computers became more common. （虽然电脑发展快，但很少有人使用，直到80年代才流行）

第19题线索是In the early 1990s, two important things happened: the birth of the

World Wide Web in 1991, and the creation of the first Web browser in 1993.

第20题线索是“The Internet is now an important part of our lives.”以及本文的首句…great changes in the way people communicate.

仿真训练15

（做题时间：30分钟）

第一节

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A qualified doctor who rarely practiced but instead devoted his life to writing.

He once said “Medicine is my lawful wife, and literature is my lover.” Russian

writer Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was a great play writer and one of the masters of

the modern short story.

When Chekhov entered the Moscow University Medicine School in 1879, he started

to publish hundreds of comic short stories to support his family. After he graduated,

he wrote regularly for a local daily newspaper.

As a writer he was extremely fast, often producing a short story in an hour or

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less. Chekhov's medical and science experience can be seen through the indifference

(冷漠) many of his characters show to tragic events. In 1892, he became a full time

writer and published some of his most memorable stories.

Chekhov often wrote about the suffering of life in small town Russia. Tragic

events control his characters that are filled with feelings of hopelessness and

despair. It is often said that nothing happens in Chekhov’s stories and plays. He

made up for this with his exciting technique for developing drama within his

characters. Chekhov's work combined the calm attitude of a scientist and doctor with

the sensitivity of an artist.

Some of Chekhov’s works were translated into Chinese as early as the 1940’s.

One of his famous stories, The Man in a Shell, about a school teacher’s

extraordinarily orderly life, was selected as a text for Chinese senior students.

1. Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ______.

A. had a lawful lover B. was an illegal writer

C. used to be a lawyer D. was a competent doctor

2. In 1880, Chekhov ______.

A. became a full-time writer B. studied medicine in Moscow

University

C. practiced medicine in his hometown D. published his most memorable

stories.

3. Which of the following adjectives can’t be used to describe Chekhov?

A. Sensitive. B. Cool. C. Quick-minded. D.

Warm-hearted.

4. Which of the following is the right order of the events?

a. became a doctor

b. became a full time writer

c. started to publish comic short stories

d. wrote regularly for a local daily newspaper

A. e-c-a-d-b B. d-a-b-c-e C. e-c-b-a-d D.

a-e-c-b-d

Everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older, but men’s minds

decline more than women’s, according to the results of a worldwide survey.

Certain differences seem to be inherent in male and female brains: Men are better

at maintaining and dealing with mental images (useful in mathematical reasoning and

spatial skills ), while women tend to excel (擅长) at recalling information from

their brain's files (helpful with language skills and remembering the locations of

objects)

Many studies have looked for a connection between sex and the amount of mental

decline (衰退) people experience as they age, but the results have been mixed.

Some studies found more age-related decline in men than in women, while others

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saw the opposite or even no relationship at all between sex and mental decline. Those

results could be improper because the studies involved older people, and women live

longer than men: The men tested are the survivors, “so they’re the ones that may

not have shown such cognitive decline,” said study team leader Elizabeth of the

University of Warwick in England.

People surveyed completed four tasks that tested sex-related cognitive skills:

matching an object to its rotated form, matching lines shown from the same angle,

typing as many words in a particular category (范畴) as possible in the given time,

e.g. “object usually colored gray”, and recalling the location of objects in a

line drawing. The first two were tasks at which men usually excel; the latter are

typically dominated by women.

Within each age group studied, men and women performed better in their separate

categories on average. And though performance declined with age for both genders,

women showed obviously less decline than men overall.

5. The underlined word in the second paragraph means ______.

A. natural B. great C. obvious D. absolute

6. Which of the following statements is TRUE according the article?

A. Men do better than women when it comes to learning English.

B. Women stand out at remembering the locations of objects.

C. Men excel at typing as many words as possible in the given time.

D. Women excel at dealing mathematic problems.

7. One important factor that affects the correctness of the results is that ______.

A. the old men tested may not have shown such cognitive decline

B. people surveyed are all old

C. people taking part in this test came from all over the world

D. women live longer than men

Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact

that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe,

of which 21 countries are members, have shown that 45 percent of reptile (爬行动物) species and 24 percent of butterflies are in danger or dying out.

European concern for wildlife was outlined by Dr Peter Baum, an expert in the

environment and natural resources division of the Council, when he spoke at a

conference arranged by the administrators of a British national park. The park is

one of the few areas in Europe to hold the council's diploma for nature reserves

(保护区) of the highest quality, and Dr Baum had come to present it to the park once

again. He was afraid that public opinion was turning against national parks, and

that those set up in the 1960s and 1970s could not be set up today. But Dr Baum clearly

remained a strong supporter of the view that natural environments needed to be

allowed to survive in peace in their own right.

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“No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a

tourist attraction,” he went on. The shortsighted view that reserves had to serve

immediate human demands for outdoor recreation should be replaced by full acceptance

of their importance as places to preserve nature for the future.

“We forget that they are the guarantee of life systems, on which any built-up

area depends,” Dr Baum went on. “We could manage without most industrial products,

but we could not manage without nature. However, our natural environment areas, which

are the original parts of our countryside, have become mere islands in a spoiled

and highly polluted land.”

8. Recent studies by the Council of Europe have declared that ______.

A. wildlife needs more protection only in Britain

B. all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out

C. there’re fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere

D. many species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe need protecting

9. Why did Dr Baum come to a British national park?

A. Because he needed to present it with a council's diploma.

B. Because he was concerned about its management.

C. Because it was the only national park of its kind in Europe.

D. Because it was the only park that had ever received a diploma from the council.

10. The last sentence in the second paragraph implies that ______.

A. people should make every effort to create more environment areas

B. people would go on protecting national parks

C. certain areas of the countryside should be left intact (完整的)

D. people would defend the right to develop the areas around national parks

11. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. We have developed industry at the expense of countryside.

B. We have forgotten what our original countryside looked like.

C. People living on islands should protect natural resources for their survival.

D. We should destroy all the built-up areas.

Trees are useful to man in three very important ways: they provide him with wood

and other products, they give him shade, and they help to prevent drought and floods.

Unfortunately, in many parts of the world man has not realized that the third

of these services is the most important. In his eagerness to draw quick profit from

the trees, he has cut them down in large numbers, only to find that without them

he has lost the best friends he had.

Two thousand years ago a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build

warships, with which to gain itself an empire. It gained the empire but, without

its trees, its soil became hard and poor. When the empire fell to pieces, the country

found itself faced by floods and starvation.

Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees,

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it is difficult for it to persuade the villager to see this. The villager wants wood

to cook his food with, and he can earn money by making charcoal or selling wood to

the townsman. He is usually too lazy or too careless to plant and look after trees.

So unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people,

the forests will slowly disappear.

This does not only mean that the villagers’ sons and grandsons have fewer trees.

The results are even more serious. For where there are trees their roots break the

soil up—allowing the rain to sink in and also hold the soil, thus preventing it

being washed away easily, but where there are no trees, the soil becomes hard and

poor. The rain falls on hard ground and flows away on the surface, causing floods

and carrying away with it the rich topsoil, in which crops grow so well. When all

the topsoil is gone, nothing remains but a worthless desert.

12. The purpose that the writer wrote this article for is ______.

A. to tell people that trees are very useful to man

B. to warn people not to cut down trees any more

C. to warn that man mustn't destroy forests any more

D. to explain how trees help to prevent drought and floods

13. In the writer's opinion, ______, or the forests slowly disappear.

A. measures must be taken B. people shouldn't draw benefit from

the tree

C. government must realize the serious results D. unless trees never be cut

down

14. According to the article we know it is ______ to prevent the forests from slowly

disappearing.

A. necessary but impossible B. necessary but difficult

C. impossible and unimportant D. difficult and impossible

15. In the last two paragraphs the writer wanted to make it clear that ______.

A. where there are no trees, the soil becomes hard and poor

B. where there are many trees, there’re fewer floods

C. where there are no trees, the land might become desert slowly

D. floods will make the land become desert

第二节

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat their

vegetables.

16 Make a study time and have it at the same time every day. This will help

your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over

how they spend their time.

Allow them to study in blocks of time, such as for half an hour with a five-minute

break in the middle. 17 Ideal (理想的) study times are after dinner or right

after school before dinner.

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Never allow your children to study in front of the television, as that will

encourage passive activity. 18 .

You’ll also need to help your kids find the right place to study. After you’ve

set up a good study time for little learners, set up a good place where they can

get those creative juices flowing. 19 . Make sure there is a table or a

desk and a comfortable chair.

20 . This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being

there for them with the answers to any questions. The input you give your children

during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable.

A. Pick a place where your children can study properly.

B. Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves.

C. Finally, spend time with your kids when they’re studying.

D. Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement, too.

E. Instead, use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed.

F. Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward.

G. One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule

that they

keep to. .

答案

1-5 DBDAA 6-10 BADAC 11-15 ACABC 16-20 GBEAC

解题技巧点评

C篇阅读主要是谈论环保专家Dr Baum提出整个欧洲都应该重视对野生动植物的保护，他通过一些事实让读者明白了保护野生动植物的重要性。

注释：

① No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a tourist

attraction.

不要期望有地区既能够作为自然保护区又作为旅游胜地而幸存。

②We could manage without most industrial products, but we could not manage without

nature.

没有工业产品我们可以应对，但没有自然界我们却不能应对。

8．本题为细节考查题。从第一段最后一句Studies by the Council of Europe, of which

countries are members, have shown that 45 percent of reptile species and 24

percent of butterflies are in danger or dying out.可以得知有许多爬行类动物种类和蝴蝶都面临危险和灭绝，从而得出正确答案。

9．本题为细节考查题。由第二段第二句...Dr Baum had come to present it to the park

once again.

可知Dr Baum到这儿来是再次向该公园授予证书的。

10．本题为推理判断题。由该句话可以得知，Dr Baum坚持认为自然环境需要平静地存在，

暗示出某些地区不应该被人类打扰。

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11．本题为推理判断题。最后一段告诉读者没有自然界人类就无法生存，而现在美丽的乡村

已经成为重度污染的工业区。at the expense of短语的意思是“在损坏某物的情况下”。

D篇阅读反映了乱砍滥伐树木所带来的危害，旨在告诫人们不要乱砍滥伐。

注释：

① ...and they help to prevent drought and floods. 它们有助于防止干旱和水灾。

② The rain falls on hard ground and flows away on the surface, causing floods and

carrying away

with it the rich topsoil, in which crops grow so well.

雨水降落到地上，在地表四处流动，造成水灾，带走了庄稼赖以生长的肥沃的表层土壤。

③ When all the topsoil is gone, nothing remains but a worthless desert.

当表层土流失后，就只剩下一片无用的沙漠。

12．本题为主旨大意题。由全文来看，作者没把重点放在说明树的用途上，而是通过人们破

坏树木所带来的危害，告诉大家不要再破坏森林了。

13．本题为推理判断题。作者并非不让人们砍伐树木和从中受益，而是希望政府能采取一定

的措施来加以限制。

14．本题为推理判断题。由短文第一段可推知答案。

15．本题为推理判断题。这两段的首句便告诉读者没有了树木的后果。

课后作业

Awareness Weeks have become a regular part of Britain’s cultural landscape over

the past few years. They started back in 1957, when one charity, Christian Aid,

decided to make all its money-raising efforts on one time of year. It was thought

that by doing this they would get more publicity for their cause.

They were right, and soon other charities and campaign groups followed them.

These days, most donations to charity are not collected on the streets. So instead

of just asking for money, charities prefer to spend their time “raising awareness”

——spreading knowledge of the work they do or the cause they support. They also

compete with businesses and trade groups who use awareness weeks as marketing

campaigns for their products.

There are now 500 awareness weeks held every year in the UK. No week goes by

without one group or another trying to make the British public aware of something,

with most held in May or October.

The danger with all these awareness weeks is that people start to become cynical

(不信任). Take National Smile Week; it seems like a great idea. Let’s all make each

other’s life a little bit happier with a friendly smile. But really it’s just a

group of dentists and cosmetics companies trying to sell us toothpaste. It’s enough

to make you want to start National Forget about It Week.

“People feel that many awareness campaigns are just marketing exercises,” says

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Ms Ormiston, who edits the Awareness Campaign Register, a news letter which

encourages people who run Awareness Weeks to become more aware of each other. “But

90 per cent of campaigns are run by traditional charities or not for groups to make

money.”

“There’s still no official group for awareness campaigns,” says Ms Ormiston.

“People can do what they like, whatever the size of their budgets or their public

relations machines allows.”

This situation has led to calls for laws to stop real charities having their efforts

overshadowed by marketing campaigns. This could be done by making the two groups

hold their weeks at different times or stopping businesses running imitation charity

campaigns.

But there is another way. Maybe it’s time for National Weak Awareness Week,

especially for people whose awareness of Awareness Weeks is weak.

1. What’s the main purpose of awareness weeks run by charities in Britain?

A. To raise money for charities. B. To spread knowledge of charities.

C. To take up marketing campaigns. D. To advertise their goods for sale.

2. Why do people start to become cynical about awareness weeks?

A. Too many awareness weeks make people feel bored.

B. People feel many awareness weeks are just for marketing exercises.

C. People have a weak awareness of awareness weeks.

D. Awareness weeks are held too often and too much money is raised.

3. What does Ms Ormiston think about awareness weeks?

A. Most of the awareness weeks should not be for making money.

B. Official groups should take the place of charities in awareness campaigns.

C. People can do what they like in awareness weeks.

D. People can get larger budgets through awareness campaigns.

4. Which of the following is the right measure to be taken to solve the problems

in awareness

campaigns?

A. Laws should stop awareness weeks run by real charities.

B. There should be large public relations departments in awareness campaigns.

C. Business and awareness campaigns should not be held at the same place.

D. Marketing campaigns should not be in the name of charity ones.

5. What’s the writer’s view on Awareness Weeks?

A. National Forget about It Week should be held to stop awareness weeks.

B. National Smile Week is a great idea to improve people’s life.

C. National Weak Awareness Week can help people better understand awareness

weeks.

D. Awareness Weeks should be stopped because of marketing campaigns.

用心爱心专心

If I were writing a history of my family, some of the darkest moments recorded

would be those surrounding Christmas trees. One would certainly think otherwise;

selecting and putting up our trees have always been filled with risk. For example,

one afternoon dangerously close to Christmas Eve my mother bought what she thought

to be a bargain, a glorious tree that was so full and tall that we could hardly get

it into the house. Once we did, my father immediately realized that we would have

to hire a carpenter to build a stand for it. Another December, perhaps the very next

one, we bought a tree earlier than we ever had before. We were happy with its shape

and delighted that its size was manageable. We easily placed it in a stand, decorated

it from top to bottom, and then self-satisfiedly sat back by the fire in its soft

light. Two or three days passed and the truth could not be hidden; we had bought

a tree cut so long ago that its needles were coming off. There was nothing to do

but undecorate it, take it down, and begin tree shopping again. Our most recent

Christmas tree offered still another difficult task. When we brought it home, once

again it seemed larger than it was in the great outdoors. To complicate matters,

we had bought a new stand, one whose nuts (螺母) and bolts (螺栓) worked more

mysteriously than those of our old stands. I persuaded two young neighbors to stop

playing basketball and to help us get the tree into the house and set it correctly

in the stand. Unfortunately, no one noticed the mud on our helpers' shoes, so only

after removing several reddish brown spots from the carpet were we able to discuss

the question of where the lights and ornaments (装饰) were stored. Perhaps those

who cut their own trees have tales more painful than these. I don't care to hear

them, as my family's experiences are enough to cause me to make the following

suggestion:" Let's forget the tree next Christmas. Let's simply hang some flowers

on the front door and over the mirror in the hall. "

6. The darkest moments in the writer's family were with the fact that ______.

A. the family bought big Christmas trees

B. they had problems decorating their Christmas trees

C. they had problems picking suitable Christmas trees

D. they had problems finding carpenters for putting up Christmas trees

7. We can learn from the passage that the writer would like to ______.

A. forget about Christmas stories

B. get the neighbors to put up their trees

C. buy a better tree to celebrate Christmas

D. make other decorations rather than Christmas trees

8. When the writer said “my mother bought what she thought to be a bargain", he

means ______.

A. she bought the tree at a cheap price B. she didn't really want to buy

C. she had to bargain hard with the salesman D. she couldn't afford a more

用心爱心专心

expensive one

9. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. How to Select a Christmas Tree B. No More Christmas tree for US

C. Dark Moments of Life D. Christmas without Trees

Mail was usually carried west on ships that sailed around the bottom of South

America and then north to California. That could take several months.

So, in eighteen fifty-seven, D.C. Lawmakers in Congress in Washington wanted

to make it possible to send mail all the way across the United States by land. Congress

offered to help any company that would try to deliver mail overland to the West Coast.

A man named John Butterfield accepted this offer. He developed plans for a company

that would carry the mail—and passengers, too.

Congress gave John Butterfield six hundred thousand dollars to start his company.

In return, he had to promise that the mail would travel from Saint Louis, Missouri,

to San Francisco, California, in twenty-five days or less.

It was not possible to travel straight through because of the Rocky Mountains

and the deep snow that fell in winter. So the stagecoach would travel south from

Saint Louis to El Paso, Texas, then over to southern California, then north to San

Francisco. The distance was about four thousand five hundred kilometers.

Two hundred of these stations were built, each about thirty-two kilometers apart.

The workers were to quickly change the horses or mules whenever a stagecoach reached

the station. There could be no delay. Each stagecoach was to travel nearly two hundred

kilometers a day.

One hundred stagecoaches were built and painted red or dark green. They were

the most modern coaches that money could buy. They were designed to hold as many

as nine passengers and twelve thousand pieces of mail. The seats inside could be

folded down to make beds. Passengers either slept on them or on the bags of mail.

The cost would be one hundred fifty dollars to travel from Saint Louis to San

Francisco. If a passenger was not going all the way, the cost was about ten cents

a kilometer. The passengers had to buy their own food at the stations. The stagecoach

would stop for forty minutes, two times a day.

The company warned passengers about the possible dangers. A poster said: “You

will be traveling through Indian country and the safety of your person cannot by

vouchsafed (granted) by anyone but God.”

10. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Different ways of sending mail in the United States.

B. The difficulty in sending mails across the USA by land.

C. The first stagecoaches that carried both passengers and mail.

D. The history of the first stagecoaches carrying mail to the American West.

11. The reason why Lawmakers wanted to send mail by land was that ______.

用心爱心专心

A. mail was usually carried west on ships

B. it was safer to travel to send mail by land

C. it would take less time to send mail by land

D. stagecoaches could carry passengers and mail

12. As is described in the passage, the stagecoach ______.

A. could only stop twice a day

B. was modern with seats and beds

C. was a closed wagon pulled by horses or mules

D. had different horses or mules pulled all the way

13. What can we learn from the passage?

A. John Butterfields got thousands of dollars for delivering mail in

stagecoaches.

B. John Butterfields kept his promise to deliver mail straight to the West Coast.

C. Passengers might be robbed when traveling through the West.

D. Passengers needed to pay one hundred dollars for their journey.

Many of the most damaging types of weather begin quickly, strike suddenly, and

disappear rapidly, destroying small areas while leaving neighboring areas untouched.

Such event as a tornado (龙卷风) struck the northeastern part of Edmonton, Alberta,

in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado went beyond $250 million, the highest

ever for any Canadian storm.

Traditional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting

short-lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather

data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to study carefully the

slight atmospheric changes that come before these storms. In most nations, for

example, weather-balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at

places separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, traditional

forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over

large areas than they do forecasting specific local events.

Until recently, the observation intensive method needed for exact, very

short-range forecasts, or “Nowcasts,” was not possible. The cost of equipping and

operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was extremely high, and

the difficulties concerned in rapidly collecting and processing the weather data

from such a network were hard to overcome.

Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these

problems. Radar (雷达) systems and satellites are all able to make detailed, nearly

continuous observation over large areas at a lower cost. Communications satellites

can send out data around the world cheaply and immediately, and modern computers

can quickly collect and analyze this large amount of weather information.

Meteorologists (气象学者) and computer scientists now work together to design

用心爱心专心

computer programs and video equipment able to change weather data into words and

graphic displays (图解) that forecasters can understand easily and quickly. As

meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting

offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.

14. Why can’t traditional computer models predict short-lived local storms?

A. The weather data people collect are often wrong.

B. Detailed weather data in some small areas are not available.

C. The computers are not advanced enough to predict them.

D. The computers are not used to forecast specific local events.

15. The word “Nowcast” in Paragraph 3 means ______.

A. a network to collect storm data

B. a way of collecting weather data

C. a more advanced system of weather observation

D. a forecast which can predict weather in the small area

16. What can make “Nowcasts” a reality according to the passage?

A. Scientific and technological advances. B. Advanced computer programs.

C. Computer scientists. D. Meteorologists.

17. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. The advantages of “Nowcasts”. B. A tornado in Edmonton,

Alberta.

C. The difficulty in predicting tornado. D. A great development in

weather forecast.

There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process.

People have generally viewed personal growth as an external (外在的) result or a

product that can easily be identified and measured．The worker who gets a rise, the

student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language —— all these

examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.

By contrast (对照), the process of personal growth is much more difficult to

determine, since it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along

the way. The process is not the road itself, but the attitudes, feelings people have,

and their caution or courage, as they meet with new experiences and unexpected

difficulties. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new

ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.

In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take

risks, to face the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail”

at first．How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is necessary for our

ability to grow. Do we see ourselves as quick and curious? If so, we tend to take

more chances and be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we’re shy and

indecisive? Then our sense of fear can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and

we think we are slow to adapt (适应) change or that we're not smart enough to deal

用心爱心专心

with a new challenge．Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at

all.

These feelings of insecurity (不安全) and self-doubt are both unavoidable and

necessary if we are to change and grow．If we protect ourselves too much, then we

stop growing. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.

18. In the author's eye, one who views personal growth as a process would ______.

A. succeed in climbing up the social ladder B. grow up from his own

achievements

C. face difficulties and take up challenges D. aim high and reach his goal

each time

19. Which of the following can be viewed as the process of personal growing?

A. Our manager was always willing to accept new challenges.

B. Jane won the first prize in the speech competition.

C. Jerry picked up French during his stay in Paris.

D. Father’s salary rose from 5, 000 to 7, 000.

20. For personal growth, the author is in favor of all the following EXCEPT ______.

A. being curious about more changes B. being quick in self-adaptation

C. having an open mind to new experiences D. staying away from failures and

challenges

21. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. It is not so easy to measure personal growth.

B. To try and fail on the new road facing the unknown is unavoidable.

C. There are only two ways to see a person’s growth.

D. If you are too shy to take any risks in life, you cannot grow up.

22. The best title for this passage should be ______.

A. Facing New Challenges B. Growth—Product or Process

C. Two Basic Ways of Growth D. Overcoming Internal Fears

答案

1-5 ABADC 6-10 CDABC 11-15 CDCBD 16-20 ADCAD 21-22 CB

用心爱心专心

本文标签：选项短文文章阅读学生

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