2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国社会科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国社会科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点

剖析AB卷（带答案）

一.综合题(共15题)

1.

单选题

The founders, as was the case of almost all their successors, were long on exhortation and

rhetoric regarding the value of civic education, but they left it to the textbook writers to

distill the essence of those values for school children.

问题1选项

inate

t

trate

【答案】C

【解析】划线词的宾语是the essence of those values for school children，从那些价值观中……本

质。A选项infuse“灌输；浸渍”；B选项disseminate“宣传；散步”；C选项extract“提取；提炼”；

D选项demonstrate“证明；展示”。联系句意可知“从那些价值观中提取本质”逻辑通顺，因此C选项

符合题意。

2.

g

ting

g

【答案】B

【解析】句意：基于性别的暴力包括广泛的侵犯人权行为，包括对儿童的性虐待、强奸、家庭暴力、性侵

犯和骚扰、……妇女和女童以及若干有害的传统做法。A选项battering“重创；连续打击”；B选项

trading“交易；贸易”；C选项venerating“崇敬；尊敬”；D选项craving“渴望；热望”。因为句中

所列问题都属于侵犯人权行为，因此B选项“贩卖妇女”符合句意。

3.

单选题

Gender-based violence encompasses a wide range of human rights violations, including sexual

abuse of children, rape, domestic violence, sexual assault and harassment, trafficking of

women and girls and several harmful traditional practices.

问题1选项

ing

单选题

We complain of the darkness in which we live out our lives: we do not understand the nature

of existence in general; we especially do not know the relation of our own self to the rest

of existence. Not only is our life short, our knowledge is limited entirely to it, since we

can see（ ）back before our birth （ ）out beyond our death, so that our consciousness

is as it were a lightning-flash momentarily illuminating the night: it truly seems as though

a demon had maliciously shut off all further knowledge from us so as to enjoy our discomfiture.

问题1选项

...or

r...nor

…and

only…but also

【答案】B

【解析】考查并列连词。空格处句意：我们的知识局限于此，“··· ···出生之前，··· ···我

们死亡之后。”我们对于生前死后的知识应为否定状态。四个选项中只有B选项表示否定。

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她

4.

单选题

32. Seniors typically exhibit greater [A]experience-based knowledge, increased accuracy,

better judgment, and generally [B]improved ability to handle familiar tasks than younger

persons. Such applied knowledge, or wisdom, may in fact be considerably more important to

[C]one’s ability to accomplish most tasks of day-to-day life than [D]do the abstract

abilities tapped by intelligence tests.

问题1选项

ence-based knowledge

ed ability

’s ability

the abstract abilities

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒装句用法。D选项前有than，说明这是比较状语从句，前面的may in fact be considerably

more important是另一比较部分，其中谓语动词是be，因此为保持一致，than后的部分倒装形式的从句

中谓语动词也是be动词，由于主语是abilities，因此把do改为are即可。

5.

That's what may constitute bad literature's best defense at the Last Judgment.

Since we are all moribund, and since reading books is time-consuming, we must devise a system

that allows us a semblance of economy. Of course, there is no denying the pleasure of holding

up with a fat, slow-moving, mediocre novel, but in the end, we read not for reading's sake

but to learn.（4） Hence the need for the works that brings the human predicament into its

sharpest possible focus. Hence, too, the need for some compass in the ocean of available

printed matter.

（5）The role of that compass, of course, is played by literary criticism, by reviewers. Alas,

its needle oscillates wildly. What is north for some is south for others. The trouble with a

reviewer is threefold: (a) he can be a hack, and as ignorant as ourselves; (b) he can have

strong predilections for a certain kind of writing or simply be on the take with the publishing

industry, and (c) if he is a writer of talent, he will turn his review writing into an

independent art from—Jorge Luis Borges is a case in point—and you may end up reading reviews

rather than the books.

【答案】1.常常是写书的人已经化为了一堆黄土而其著作却依旧立在书架上积聚尘土，但恰恰是死后占有

这方寸之地的欲望驱使人提起笔杆。

2.有人说过进行哲学思考就是一步步趋向死亡。不管是谁说的。这种说法从几种意义上来说都是有道理的，

因为一个人绝不会因为写一本书而变年轻。

3.更重要的是，要写一本好书，一个作家必须读大量的低俗书籍，否则他将无法制定必要的标准。

4.因此，我们需要阅读反映人类的困惑的作品。我们还需要一些指导，指导我们在所有印刷过的书籍中寻

找好的作品。

5.当然，这个指导的角色该由文学批评或评论家来扮演的。可叹的是它的指针摇摆不定。指向的方位对某

些人来说是北边，对另一些人来说却是南边。

6.

翻译题

Translate the underlined sentences into good Chinese.

On the whole, books are less limited than ourselves.（1）Often they sit on the shelves

absorbing dust long after the writer has turned into a handful of dust—and it is precisely

the appetite for this posthumous dimension that sets one's pen in motion.

So as we toss and turn these rectangular objects in our hands we won't be terribly amiss if

we surmise that we fondle, as it were, the urns with our returning ashes. After all, what

goes into writing a book is, ultimately, a man's only life.（2）Whoever said that to

philosophize is an exercise in dying was right in more ways than one, for by writing a book

nobody gets younger.

Nor does one become any younger by reading one. Since this is so, our natural preference

should be for good books. The paradox, however, lies in the fact that in literature “good”

is defined by its distinction from “bad”.（3）What's more, to write a good book, a writer

must read a great deal of pulp—otherwise he won't be able to develop the necessary criteria.

单选题

[A]Although pearls maybe formed by any shelled mollusk, the most valuable pearls are obtained

from [B]the oysters. Except for [C]imitation pearls, which are entirely man-made, all pearls

are formed a secretion around an irritating body that enters the soft tissue of a mollusk.

[D]If the irritating body enters the mollusk by accident, a natural pearl forms.

问题1选项

gh

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她

oysters

ion pearls

the irritating body

【答案】B

【解析】考查冠词用法。B 选项处oysters是复数形式，表示泛指，前面不应加定冠词the。

7.

单选题

Plato suggested memory was analogous [A]to the impression of messages on wax [B]writing

tablets. For Plato, writing on the tablet represented learning something new. The tablet

itself was the memory store, and reading the tablets later was analogous to [C]try to recall

the stored information. Unfortunately, Plato’s analogy misses an important characteristic

of memory, [D]namely that it is selective.

问题1选项

g

to recall

【答案】C

【解析】考查非谓语动词用法。C选项前的be analogous to“类似于……”，后面的to是介词，后面应

接名词、动名词或者代词，应将try改为trying。

8.

recognizing that it was highly unlikely that any jury in the land [C]would wish to punish

him for doing something that doctors have long done in the final moments of a [D]patient’s

or friend’s lives.

问题1选项

decided

y recognizing

wish

t’s or friend’s lives

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词用法。D选项处a patient’s 和 a friend’s中间是or，因此后面的life为单数形

式，应把lives改为life。

9.

单选题

The police [A]had decided not to proceed with a prosecution against Irwin, [B]clearly

单选题

This English document is compiled by the Bureau of Legislative Affairs of the State Council

of the People’s Republic of China, and is published by the China Legal System Publishing

House. In case of（ ）, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

问题1选项

ruity

eement

pancy

mony

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项incongruity“不协调；不适宜”；B选项disagreement“不一致；争论”；

C选项discrepancy“不符；矛盾”；D选项disharmony“不一致；不融洽”。句意：本英文文件由中华

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她

人民共和国国务院法制局编译，中国法制出版社出版。当发生……时，以中文原文为准。此处应指正式场

合出现歧义时，以中文原文为准。C选项符合题意。

10.

单选题

In 1910 over 600,000 Black workers, or ten percent of the Black workforce reported themselves

to be engaged in “manufacturing and mechanical pursuits”, the federal census category

roughly（ ） the entire industrial sector.

问题1选项

ting

assing

ng

utting

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项motivate“激励；刺激”；B选项encompass“包含；包围”；C选项

entice“怂恿；诱使”；D选项undercut“削（价）竞争；削弱”。句意：1910年，超过60万的黑人工

人，或者说10%的黑人工人报告说他们从事“制造业和机械制造业”，这一联邦人口普查类别大致……整

个工业部门。综合句意与选项可知B选项符合题意。

11.

ting

tfully

ted

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。题干主句中谓语动词为enjoy，后面接动词ing形式。空格后有by，可推测前

面应该是被动语态。因此应使用being +done的形式。A选项符合题意。

12.

单选题

If I keep this oath faithfully, may I enjoy my life and practice my art, （ ）by all men

and in all times; but if I swerve from it or violate it, may the reverse be my lot.

问题1选项

respected

单选题

Clause 13 provides for the documentation necessary for an audit trail whereby the physician

sends the declaration and proof that all the qualifying documents have been met （ ） a

commission consisting of a general practitioner, a lay member and — you guessed it — a

lawyer.

问题1选项

【答案】C

【解析】考查介词用法。句子主干是“the physician sends the declaration and proof…a

commission”。“that all the qualifying documents have been met”是由that引导的从句，修饰

“the declaration and proof”；commission后面是现在分词短语作后置定语。send sth. to “把某

物送至某处或送给某人”是固定用法，因此C选项符合题意。

13.