2022届福建省高三诊断性测试英语试题及参考答案

2022届福建省高三诊断性测试

英 语

(试卷满分：150 分，考试时间：120 分钟)

注意事项：

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷

上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答

题卡上。

第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）

听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选

项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下

一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15.

答案是 C。

B. £9.18. C. £9.15.

1. Where is the conversation taking place?

A. In an airport.

2. When will Mark be free?

A. Right now.

A. Have a trip.

A. Doubtful.

B. This weekend.

B. Pack the car.

B. Acceptable.

C. Next week.

C. Fill up the tank.

C. Interesting.

3. What are the speakers going to do?

4. What does the man think about the woman’s words?

B. In a hotel. C. In a hospital.

1

5. What do we know about the game?

A. The Forest won it.

B. It was a close one.

C. The Rocket missed the shot.

第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）

听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项

中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每

题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。

6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Boss and clerk.

B. Salesman and customer.

C. Husband and wife.

7. What will the man do?

A. Prepare for dinner. B. Buy some groceries. C. Do some cleaning.

听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。

8. What is Jessie addicted to?

A. Soap operas. B. Online games. C. Online chats.

9. How did John remove his bad habit?

A. By keeping a dog. B. By seeing a doctor. C. By focusing on lessons.

10. Who has improved in studies after giving up the Internet addiction?

A. John. B. Jessie. C. Dick.

听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。

11. What was Steven in charge of in his former company?

A. Technology improvement.

B. Customer support.

C. Information collection.

12. In which aspect has Steven tried to improve recently?

A. Product sales.

B. Time management.

C. Clerk training.

2

小

13. What are the speakers doing?

A. Having a job interview.

B. Making a project for a company.

C. Discussing about management.

听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。

14. Where is Mina now?

A. In an office.

15. What is Daniel doing?

A. Getting off at bus stop.

B. Looking for the right bus.

C. Traveling northwards by bus.

16. What will Daniel probably do finally?

A. Get on No. 90 bus.

A. When to take a bus ride.

B. How to get to the destination.

C. Why to make an appointment.

B. On a bus. C. In a park.

B. Ride all the way around. C. Transfer to another bus.

17. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。

18. Who is the speaker?

A. A chef.

A. Its price is low.

A. $40.

B. A customer.

B. Its taste is new.

B. $45.

C. A waiter.

C. Its materials are fresh.

C. $50.

19. What is special about the snack dolma?

20. How much will the blog reader probably pay for a meal in Chez Fitz?

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）

第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Great Books Summer Program delivers excellent preparation for seminar-style college classes and

the SAT critical thinking section. We are thrilled to announce Summer 2022 On-Campus programs are

returning. Enrollment（注册）is open. Make your plans today!

3

Program 1: Great Books & Writer’s Workshop at Pepperdine University

Malibu, CA

For Rising Grades 6 – 8 and Grades 9 – 12

One and Two-Week Programs

Choose the one-week Seminar and Discussion program. Select Writer’s Workshop for

students eager to explore the art of creative writing. Or, stay for both!

One-week Tuition: $2695

Amherst, MA

For Rising Grades 6 – 8 and Grades 9 – 12

One and Two-Week Programs

We will be offering Seminar and Discussion programs and a Writer’s Workshop for

students eager to explore the art of writing in all forms.

One-week Tuition: $2495 Two-week Tuition: $4990

Two-week Tuition: $5390

Program 2: Great Books & Writer’s Workshop at Amherst College

Program 3: Great Books at Stanford University

Stanford, CA

For Rising Grades 6 – 8 and Grades 9 – 12

One and Two-Week Programs

Young people gather to experience reading and life at Stanford University. Join us for one

week or two of Great Books Seminar and Discussion programs!

One-week Tuition: $2995 Two-week Tuition: $5990

Program 4: A Tall Ship Adventure

For Rising Grades 9 – 12

Sail from Bangor to Portland, ME

One Week Program

Great Books is excited to announce the second year of Tales of the Sea: a Tall Ship

Adventure. This program for high school students marries the study of maritime literature with

living and learning to sail. Time will be split between seminar and discussion and sailing

education with visits to coastal islands.

One-week Tuition: $2995

Note:

All on-campus programs have Materials & Events fees of $225 for one week and $475 for two.

21. How much does an applicant pay in total for a one-week program at Stanford University?

A. $2995. B. $3220. C. $3470. D. $3945.

4

22. Which program will you choose if you want to do outdoor practice?

A. Program 1. B. Program 2. C. Program 3. D. Program 4.

23. What do the four on-campus programs have in common?

A. They offer seminar-style classes.

B. They prepare students for the SAT test.

C. They are designed for junior high students.

D. They aim to promote students’ writing skills.

B

Eradajere Oleita thinks she may have a partial solution for two of our country’s long-standing

problems: garbage and poverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Project. The 26-year-old student and

environmentalist from Detroit is asking a favor of local snack lovers: Rather than throw your empty

chip bags into the trash, donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.

Chip eaters drop off their empty bags from Doritos, Lay’s, and other favorites at two locations in

Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After

they clean the chip bags in soapy hot water, they slice them open, lay them flat, and iron them together.

It takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, and each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending

on whether they’re single-serve or family size. The result is a sleeping bag that is

“waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around,” Oleita told the Detroit News.

Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800,000 chip bags and, as of

last December, created 110 sleeping bags.

Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the goal

for Oleita – whose family moved to the United States from Nigeria a decade ago with the hope of

attaining a better life – and her fellow volunteers. “We are committed to making an impact not only

socially, but environmentally,” she says.

And, of course, there’s the symbolism of salvaging bags that would otherwise land in the trash and

using them to help the homeless. It’s a powerful reminder that environmental injustice and poverty

often go hand in hand. As Oleita told : “I think it’s time to show connections between

all of these issues.”

24. What is the purpose of the Chip Bag Project?

A. To make donations for the homeless.

B. To deal with garbage and sleeping bags.

C. To stop pollution caused by snack lovers.

D. To protect the environment and reduce poverty.

25. How did Oleita get materials for sleeping bags?

A. By turning to chip eaters.

C. By purchasing snacks.

B. By producing chip bags.

D. By cooperating with the poor.

5

26. Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “salvaging” in the last paragraph?

A. Sewing. B. Designing. C. Emptying. D. Recycling.

27. Which of he following best describes Eradajere Oleita?

A. Devoted and creative.

C. Ambitious and humorous.

B. Determined and honest.

D. Caring and independent.

C

Scientists in Australia have discovered that they can use the world’s smelliest fruits to make devices

that could power electric cars. A durian is a fruit that looks like a pineapple. It is a delicacy in some

Asian countries, but its smell is so unpleasant that some of those countries have banned it from public

places. Its smell has been compared to rotting eggs and even smelly old gym socks.

Vincent Gomes and his colleagues at the University of Sydney, in Australia, used a durian and a

jackfruit – another fruit known for its terrible smell – to make energy-storing devices called

supercapacitors.

Supercapacitors are an alternative to batteries. They can’t store as much energy as a normal battery

does, but they are much quicker to recharge. Durians and jackfruits contain some of the chemicals used

in supercapacitors, which gave Gomes the idea. To make the fruit-based devices, the team heated and

then freeze-dried the uneatable cores of the durian and jackfruit to make a special kind of material

called an aerogel.

Aerogels are one of the world’s lightest solid materials. Often called “frozen smoke”, they are made

by removing the liquid from a gel and replacing it with air. They have many scientific uses, but one of

their special properties is the ability to conduct electric currents, which makes them an important part

of supercapacitors. The aerogels made from durian and jackfruit both worked well when placed inside a

supercapacitor, although the durian aerogel was found to be the better of the two.

The discovery is important because the materials currently used to make supercapacitors are

expensive. Using natural foods like durians and jackfruits, Gomes says, could reduce environmental

pollution, as well as costs.

28. What makes some countries have different attitudes toward the durian?

A. Its smell.

A. Paragraph 1.

A. Aerogels.

B. Its appearance.

B. Paragraph 2.

B. Scientific uses.

C. Its value.

C. Paragraph 3.

C. Properties.

D. Its popularity.

D. Paragraph 4.

D. Electric currents.

29. Which paragraph mentions Gomes’s inspiration of innovation?

30. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

31. What can we learn about fruit-based supercapacitors?

A. They are devices for producing electricity.

C. They are green and economical.

6

B. They are chemicals from durians.

D. They are light and liquid.

D

By examining tiny vessels（血管）inside a person’s eyes, doctors might one day be able to predict

that person’s risk of early death, according to a new study.

Past research had shown the retina（视网膜）, light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of

the eye, as a possible indicator of a person’s biological age. The retina offers a unique, accessible

“window” to evaluate underlying pathological（病理的）processes of some serious diseases that are

associated with increased risks of death. In the new study, the researchers turned to a deep-learning

technique that could predict a person’s risk of death by analyzing the biological age of the retina.

Their deep-learning model, a type of machine learning and artificial intelligence that’s modeled to

learn similar to a human brain, analyzed more than 80,000 images of fundus（眼底）– the internal back

surface of the eye that includes the retina. They obtained the images from nearly 47,000 people

between the ages of 40 and 69, stored in the U.K. Biobank. To figure out whether their model was

accurate, they first analyzed more than 19,000 fundus images taken from more than 11,000 participants

who were in relatively good health. The idea was that the retinal biological ages of these people should

be fairly similar to their chronological age（实际年龄）.

The model was fairly accurate in predicting retinal ages, with an accuracy of within 3.5 years to

chronological ages. They then used the model to assess the remaining nearly 36,000 participants’

fundus photos collected across a span of 11 years. They found that 51 percent of the participants had a

“retinal age gap” – the difference between biological and chronological age – of more than 3 years, 28

percent had a gap of more than 5 years and 4.5 percent had a gap of more than 10 years. In other words,

these participants had “older” eyes compared to their chronological age.

Those who had larger age gaps had a 49-67 percent higher risk of death from causes other than

cardiovascular disease or cancer. With every one year increase in the age gap, the risk of death

increased by 2 percent for any cause and 3 percent for causes other than cardiovascular disease and

cancer.

32. What can we know about the retina?

A. It causes serious diseases.

B. It indicates the risk of death.

C. It speeds pathological processes.

D. It improves people’s physical health.

33. How do researchers know the retinal age?

A. By examining the nerve tissue.

B. By studying the human brain.

C. By checking the eyesight.

D. By analyzing fundus images.

34. What percentage of the participants had the largest retinal age gap?

A. 3.5%.

B. 4.5%. C. 28%.

7

D. 51%.

35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A. A new study is conducted on tiny vessels

B. Image technology is used to predict diseases

C. Eyes may reveal a person’s biological age

D. A deep-learning on the retina is necessary

第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

No matter what your goals are in life, there is one great law that you need to obey in order to be

successful: No one else is going to climb the ladder（ 梯 子 ）of success for you. 36 From the day

you leave your parents’ house, you are responsible for your life and the choices you make.

If you want a better life, you need to make better decisions. 37 However, it doesn’t

change anything. Only you can change your life by changing the choices you make. Take responsibility

for everything in your life. Even if it’s not in your direct control, you can always choose how you

respond.

38 If you choose what is fun and easy over what is necessary, you will never reach the

levels of success and happiness you are capable of achieving in your life. That’s because every great

victory requires great sacrifice. If success was easy, everybody would be successful.

There is nothing that you can’t achieve with hard work. People often think that their lives will

suddenly change through some magical event in the future. 39 Your life changes only to the

extent that you change. Nothing will ever change if you don’t change what you do daily.

A great way to actively create your future is to ask yourself: If I already achieved my goals, how

would I act on a daily basis? What books would I read, how often would I work out, and how would I

spend my time at the office? 40

A. But that is not the case.

B. No one else is responsible for your life.

C. Now these questions seem like magic to you.

D. Nothing else can be the drive for your success.

E. Once you answer these questions, you know what to do.

F. The biggest enemy to success is the path of least resistance.

G. You can blame other people for your lack of happiness all life long.

8