Unit2Let'sTalkTeens单词讲义高中英语牛津译林版(2020)

Unit2单词讲义

nest

词性：名词

中文意思：鸟巢，窝

英文释义：a structure built by birds for laying eggs and sheltering their young

词源：来自古英语nest，意为“休息的地方”

例句：The bird built a nest in the tree.

固定搭配：bird's nest, ant nest, nest egg

近义词：burrow, dwelling, home

roof

词性：名词

中文意思：屋顶，车顶

英文释义：the top covering of a building or vehicle

词源：来自古英语rof，意为“覆盖物”

例句：The roof of the house needs to be repaired.

固定搭配：rooftop, flat roof, pitched roof

近义词：covering, ceiling, top

battle

词性：名词、动词

中文意思：战斗，斗争

英文释义：a fight between two people or groups; struggle against an enemy or difficulty

词源：来自古英语beltan，意为“战斗”

例句：They fought a fierce battle against the enemy.

固定搭配：battlefield, battle cry, battleship

近义词：fight, bat, struggle

argument

词性：名词、动词

中文意思：争论，辩论；论据，论点

英文释义：a disagreement or quarrel; a reason or fact that supports an idea or belief

词源：来自拉丁语arguere，意为“争论”

例句：They had an argument about politics.

固定搭配：argumentative, argue with, make an argument

近义词：debate, dispute, controversy

teenager

词性：名词

中文意思：青少年，十几岁的少年或少女

英文释义：a young person between childhood and adulthood

词源：由“teen”（1319岁的）和“age”（年龄）组成，意为“十几岁的年龄”

例句：She is a teenager who loves to listen to music.

固定搭配：teenage years, teenage life, teenage rebellion

近义词：adolescent, youth, youngster

tension

词性：名词

中文意思：紧张，拉力

英文释义：a state of nervousness or emotional strain; the force that tends to stretch or press

something

词源：来自拉丁语的"tentio"，意为"拉紧"或"紧张"

例句：The tension between the two countries is high.

固定搭配：high/low tension, relieve tension, create tension

近义词：stress, pressure, strain

anxious

词性：形容词

中文意思：焦虑的，担心的

英文释义：feeling worried, uneasy, or apprehensive about something with an uncertain oute

词源：来自古法语的"ancien"，意为"旧的"，后来演变为"焦虑的"

例句：She was anxious for her son's safety.

固定搭配：anxious about, anxious for, anxious to do

近义词：worried, concerned, uneasy

rate

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：速度，比率，评价

英文释义：1) a ratio or proportion expressed in numbers; 2) to assess or judge the quality, value,

or extent of something

词源：来自古英语的"rædan"，意为"计算"或"评估"

例句：The rate of inflation has increased. / I would rate this movie as excellent.

固定搭配：interest rate, tax rate, rating system

近义词：ratio, proportion, assessment

shoot

词性：动词

中文意思：射击，拍摄，射出

英文释义：to fire a gun or other weapon; to take photographs of someone or something; to

move suddenly and quickly in a particular direction

词源：来自中古英语的"schouten"，意为"射击"或"发射"

例句：He shot an arrow at the target. / They will shoot the new movie next week. / The car shot

forward when the light turned green.

固定搭配：shoot down, shoot up, shoot out, shoot off

近义词：fire, launch, discharge

target

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：目标，靶子，瞄准

英文释义：1) a person or thing that is intended to be hit, attacked, criticized, etc.; 2) to aim at

something or someone with a weapon or criticism

词源：来自古法语的"targete"，意为"靶子"或"目标"

例句：The hunter aimed his gun at the target. / Our pany's target for this year is to increase sales

by 20%. / She was targeted by the critics for her controversial views.

固定搭配：hit target, miss the target, set a target, target market

近义词：goal, objective, aim

mental

词性：形容词

中文意思：心理的，精神的

英文释义：of or relating to the mind or intellect

词源：来自拉丁语“mentalis”，意为“思考的”

例句：He suffered a mental breakdown after the death of his wife.

固定搭配：mental health, mental illness, mental capacity

近义词：psychological, intellectual, cognitive

desire

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：欲望，渴望；希望，要求

英文释义：a strong feeling of wanting to have something or do something; to wish for something

earnestly

词源：来自拉丁语“desiderare”，意为“渴望”

例句：She has a strong desire to travel around the world.

固定搭配：desire for, fulfill one's desire, express desire

近义词：longing, yearning, wish

struggle

词性：动词/名词

中文意思：努力，奋斗；斗争，搏斗

英文释义：to try hard to do something; a difficult and painful process of trying to achieve

something

词源：来自古英语“strēglian”，意为“挣扎”

例句：They struggled to climb the steep hill.

固定搭配：struggle against, struggle with, lifeanddeath struggle

近义词：fight, strive, endeavor

rough

词性：形容词/副词

中文意思：粗糙的，崎岖的；粗暴的，粗鲁的

英文释义：not smooth or even; not gentle or kind; in a way that is not careful or gentle

词源：来自古英语“rūf”，意为“粗糙的”

例句：The road was very rough and bumpy.

固定搭配：rough surface, rough sea, go through a rough patch

近义词：coarse, harsh, rude

breakdown

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：故障，损坏；分解，分析；崩溃，破裂

英文释义：a failure of a machine or system; an analysis of something into its parts; a sudden

failure of someone's mental or physical health

词源：来自英语“break down”，意为“分解”或“失败”

例句：There was a breakdown in munication between the two countries.

regular

词性：形容词

中文意思：有规律的，定期的，常规的

英文释义：happening, done, or occurring at fixed intervals; not occasional or rare

词源：来自拉丁语regula，意为“规则”

例句：I have a regular exercise routine.

固定搭配：regular customer（常客），regular meeting（例会）

近义词：usual, typical, consistent

view

词性：名词

中文意思：观点，看法，视野，景色

英文释义：a personal opinion or belief about something; a sight that can be seen from a

particular place

词源：来自古英语frecan，意为“看”

例句：What is your view on this matter?

固定搭配：in my view（在我看来），wide view（广阔的视野）

近义词：opinion, perspective, outlook

concern

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：关心，关注，担忧，涉及

英文释义：an interest in or feeling about something; to worry about something

词源：来自古法语concerner，意为“挂念”

例句：We are concerned about the safety of our children.

固定搭配：be concerned with（与...有关），concern oneself with（关心，忙于）

近义词：worry, care, attention

normal

词性：形容词

中文意思：正常的，平常的，标准的

英文释义：conforming to a standard or pattern that is usual or expected

词源：来自拉丁语normalis，意为“规范的”

例句：It's normal for people to feel nervous before a job interview.

固定搭配：normal behavior（正常行为），normal temperature（正常体温）

近义词：typical, regular, usual

stress

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：压力，紧张，强调，重读

英文释义：a state of mental or emotional strain or tension; to emphasize or give importance to

something

词源：来自古英语strǣcan，意为“挤压”

例句：She is under a lot of stress at work.

固定搭配：stress relief（减压），stress management（压力管理）

近义词：pressure, strain, tension

argue

词性：动词

中文意思：争论，辩论

英文释义：to express a strong belief or opinion in an angry, determined, or assertive way

词源：来自拉丁语的arguere，意为“争辩，争论”

例句：They argued about politics for hours.

固定搭配：argue with sb. about sth.（与某人争论某事）

近义词：debate, dispute, quarrel

design

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：设计，计划

英文释义：a plan or drawing produced to show the look and function of something before it is

built or made

词源：来自古法语的dessiner，意为“画，描绘”

例句：The building was designed by a famous architect.

固定搭配：design a product（设计产品）

近义词：plan, scheme, program

forum

词性：名词

中文意思：论坛，讨论会

英文释义：a public meeting place where people can express their opinions on a particular topic

词源：来自拉丁语的forum，意为“市场，公共集会场所”

例句：The forum was full of people discussing the new policy.

固定搭配：online forum（在线论坛）

近义词：meeting, conference, seminar

expert

词性：名词/形容词

中文意思：专家，熟练的

英文释义：a person who has a lot of knowledge or skill in a particular area

词源：来自拉丁语的expertus，意为“熟练的，有经验的”

例句：She is an expert in puter programming.

固定搭配：an expert opinion（专家意见）

近义词：specialist, skilled, proficient

unique

词性：形容词

中文意思：独特的，独一无二的

英文释义：existing only in one place or thing; not like anything else

词源：来自拉丁语的unicus，意为“单一的，唯一的”

例句：Her style of painting is quite unique.

固定搭配：unique opportunity（独特的机会）

近义词：oneofakind, special, exceptional

passive

词性：形容词

中文意思：被动的，消极的

英文释义：not active; not taking an initiative

词源：来自拉丁语passivus，意为“受苦的”

例句：He has a passive attitude towards life.（他对生活持消极态度。）

固定搭配：passive voice（被动语态）；passive resistance（非暴力抵抗）

近义词：inactive, submissive, docile

performance

词性：名词

中文意思：表演，演出；性能，表现

英文释义：the act of performing or the way in which something is done or happens

词源：来自拉丁语performare，意为“做，执行”

例句：The band's performance was outstanding.（乐队的表演非常出色。）

固定搭配：performance review（绩效评估）；performance art（行为艺术）

近义词：act, show, execution

press

词性：动词/名词

中文意思：压，按；新闻界，媒体

英文释义：to apply pressure on something；newspapers and magazines together with their staffs

and equipments

词源：来自古法语presser，意为“压，压榨”

例句：She pressed the button to open the door.（她按下按钮打开门。）

固定搭配：press conference（新闻发布会）；press release（新闻稿）

近义词：squeeze, push, media

eager

词性：形容词

中文意思：热切的，渴望的

英文释义：having or showing a strong desire to do or achieve something

词源：来自古英语egǣr，意为“渴望”

例句：She is eager to learn new skills.（她渴望学习新技能。）

固定搭配：eager beaver（工作勤奋的人）；be eager for（渴望）

近义词：anxious, enthusiastic, passionate

adventure

词性：名词

中文意思：冒险，探险；奇遇，冒险经历

英文释义：an exciting or unusual experience, typically involving danger or risk

词源：来自中古法语aventure，意为“冒险”

例句：They went on an adventure to explore the jungle.（他们去丛林探险了。）

固定搭配：adventure story（冒险故事）；go on an adventure（去冒险）

近义词：risk, expedition, escapade

flexible：

词性：形容词

中文意思：灵活的，可变通的

英文释义：able to bend or be bent easily without breaking; able to change easily to fit new

conditions

词源：来自拉丁语flexibilis，意为“易弯曲的”

例句：The pany is trying to be more flexible in its approach.

固定搭配：flexible schedule（灵活的时间表）

近义词：elastic, adaptable, pliant

account：

词性：名词

中文意思：账户，账目，解释，描述

英文释义：a record of financial transactions; a narrative explanation or description

词源：来自拉丁语accōnnitātiōnum，意为“计算，计数”

例句：I need to check my bank account balance.

固定搭配：open an account（开立账户）

近义词：record, statement, report

rent：

词性：动词、名词

中文意思：租，租金

英文释义：to pay regularly for the use of (something owned by another person); the amount of

money paid for this

词源：来自古英语renten，意为“支付”

例句：I rent an apartment in the city center.

固定搭配：rent out（出租）

近义词：lease, hire, let

grocery：

词性：名词

中文意思：杂货店，食品杂货

英文释义：a store that sells food and household goods

词源：来自法语grossecour，意为“大市场”

例句：I need to stop at the grocery store to buy some milk.

固定搭配：grocery store（杂货店）

近义词：market, supermarket, provisions

secure：

词性：形容词、动词

中文意思：安全的，稳固的；保护，使安全

英文释义：free from danger or harm; protected from attack; make safe or certain

词源：来自古法语securer，意为“保护”

例句：I feel secure knowing that my house is locked.

固定搭配：secure a job（找到一份工作）

近义词：safe, protected, stable

graduate

词性：动词、名词

中文意思：毕业，研究生

英文释义：to plete a course of study, especially at a college or university; a person who has

pleted a course of study at a college or university

词源：来自拉丁语 "gradus"，意为“步，阶段”

例句：He will graduate from high school next year.（他明年将从高中毕业。）

固定搭配：（从……毕业）；graduate with honors（以优异成绩毕业）

近义词：plete, finish, earn a degree

gather

词性：动词

中文意思：聚集，收集

英文释义：to e together in one place for a particular purpose; to collect things that are scattered

or not in their usual place

词源：来自古英语 "gædelan"，意为“聚集”

例句：We gathered around the campfire and told stories.（我们围坐在篝火旁讲故事。）

固定搭配：gather information（收集信息）；gather strength（积蓄力量）；gather momentum（势头越来越猛）

近义词：assemble, collect, accumulate

emergency

词性：名词

中文意思：紧急情况，突发事件

英文释义：a serious, unexpected, and dangerous situation that needs immediate action to be

dealt with

词源：来自法语 "emerveille"，意为“惊奇，意外”

例句：The hospital was prepared for any emergency.（医院已经为任何紧急情况做好了准备。）

固定搭配：emergency room（急诊室）；emergency exit（紧急出口）；emergency plan（应急预案）

近义词：crisis, disaster, urgency

volunteer

词性：动词、名词

中文意思：自愿，志愿者

英文释义：to offer to do something without being forced or paid to do it; a person who offers to

do something without being forced or paid to do it

词源：来自中古英语 "voluntarie"，意为“自愿的”

例句：She volunteered to help clean up the park.（她自愿帮助清理公园。）

固定搭配：volunteer work（志愿工作）；volunteer organization（志愿者组织）；volunteer army（志愿军）

近义词：offer, donate, serve

figure

词性：动词、名词

中文意思：计算，数字；人物，形象

英文释义：to calculate or estimate something; a number or shape that represents something; a

person who is famous or important

词源：来自拉丁语 "figura"，意为“形状，图形”

例句：I can't figure out how much this costs.（我算不出这个要多少钱。）He is a prominent figure

in the business world.（他是商界的杰出人物。）

固定搭配：figure out（解决，算出）；figure on/upon（计划，指望）；figure of speech（修辞手法）

downtown

词性：名词

中文意思：市中心，商业区

英文释义：the central business district of a city

词源：down（下）+ town（城镇）

例句：I work in downtown New York City.

固定搭配：downtown area, downtown district, downtown core

近义词：city center, business district

operation

词性：名词

中文意思：操作，手术，行动

英文释义：the process of doing something or the way in which something is done

词源：来自拉丁语operari（工作）

例句：The operation on his heart was successful.

固定搭配：operation room, surgical operation, military operation

近义词：procedure, task, action

scene

词性：名词

中文意思：场景，现场，景色

英文释义：a place where an event or activity happens

词源：来自古英语scēne（舞台）

例句：The police arrived at the scene of the accident.

固定搭配：crime scene, movie scene, scenic spot

近义词：location, setting, view

flat

词性：形容词/副词/名词

中文意思：平坦的，单调的，公寓

英文释义：having a smooth even surface; not having much variety or excitement; a type of

apartment

词源：来自古英语flat（平的）

例句：The road ahead is flat and straight.

固定搭配：flat tire, flat screen, flat rate

近义词：level, dull, apartment

response

词性：名词

中文意思：回应，反应，响应

英文释义：an answer or reaction to something that someone says or does

词源：来自拉丁语respondere（回答）

例句：We are waiting for your response to our offer.

固定搭配：response time, positive response, social response

近义词：reaction, reply, feedback