最全轮机英语基本单词

1.船舶种类

yacht : [jɔt]n.快艇，(竞赛用的)帆船，游艇 general cargo ship: 杂货船

refrigerator ship :冷藏船 cruiser n．游船 dry bulk carrier 干散货船

passenger liner 旅客班轮 cruiser n．游船 air cushion craft 气垫船

barge-carrier 载驳货船 bulk-carrier散货船 catamaran 双体船

container ship 集装箱船 chemical carrier 化学品（运输船） diesel boa柴油机船

dry cargo ship 干货船 electric motor ship 电动机船 ferry 渡船

freighter (cargo ship) 货船 fire boat 消防船 hydrofoil craft水翼船 Ice-breaker破冰船

life boat 救生船LNG carrier（liquefied natural gas carrier）液化天然气（运输）船

multi-purpose ship多用途船 oil barge 油驳 ore carrier（ore ship ）矿砂船

passenger liner 定期客船 pilot boat引航船 roll - on / roll - off ship (Ro-Ro ship) 滚装船

reefer ( refrigerator ship )冷藏船 salvage vessel救助船

scientific surveying ship科研考察船 semi-container ship半集装箱船

semisubmersible drilling vessel半潜式钻井船 specialized duty vessel专业船

tramp不定期货轮tug拖船

10．商船：merchant ship11．油船：tanker 12．散货船：bulk carrier

2.船舶主要部分

船首：bow 船尾stern 左舷：port side 右舷：starboard side 艏楼：forecastle

艉楼：poop 上层建筑：superstructure肋骨：frame二层甲板：tween deck

机舱：engine room 水密分舱：watertight compartment 艏尖舱：fore peak tank

艉尖舱：after peak tank 双层底舱：double bottom tank 制链器：chain stopper

锚链舱：chain locker锚链管：chain pipe锚机滚筒：chain cable barrel

锚链筒：hawse pipe标准罗经：standard compass磁罗经：magnetic compass

主操舵罗经：main rudder compass 陀螺罗经：gyrocompass 推进器：propeller

3.船用柴油机工作原理

1．船用柴油机：marine diesel2．内燃机：internal combustion engine3．气缸：cylinder

4．活塞：piston 5．细雾状燃油：fine spray of fuel6．曲轴：crankshaft7．推进器：propeller

8．循环：cycle 9．四冲程柴油机：four-stroke diesel10．进气：fresh air11．压缩：compession

12．膨胀：expansion13．排气：exhaust14．二冲程柴油机：two-stroke diesel

17．下死点：B.D.C15．燃烧室：combustion chamber 16．工作原理：principle of operation

18．排气口：exhaust port 19．残留废气：residual exhaust 20．上死点：T.D.C

21．燃油喷射：fuel injection 22．进气口：inlet port 23．工作冲程：working stroke

24．减速齿轮箱：reduction gearbox25．交流发电机：alternator26．连杆：connecting rod

27．扫气口：scanvenging port

4.船用柴油机的种类

1.船用发动机：Marine engine2.紧凑：compact3.柴油机：diesel4．蒸汽机：steam turbine

5．气轮机：gas turbine6．内燃机：internal combustion engine7．输出功率：output power

8．制动马力：brake horsepower9．螺旋桨：propeller 13．燃油消耗率：fuel comsuption

14．锅炉：boiler15．有吸引力的：attractive16．集装箱船：container ship17．衰变：decay

18．通过比较：by comparision19．限制，约束：restriction20．叶片：blade

21．有效马力：effective horsepower22．放射性的：radioactive

23．船用核装置：marine nuclear plant24．货油泵：cargo oil pump

5.柴油机结构

固定件：fixed part 运动件：moving part 曲柄箱：crankcase

缸套和衬套：cylinder and liner 气缸盖：cylinder cover 活塞：pistion

气缸体：cylinder block 活塞头：piston crown 活塞杆：piston rod

十字头：cross 连杆：connecting rod 主轴承：main bearing轴向推力：axial push

端塞螺栓：side-chock bolt 从动轴：driven shaft 推力块：thrust block

扫气箱：scavenging air box机座：bedplate 机架：frame冷却水套：cooling jacket

21．燃烧室：combustion chamber22．排气阀：exhaust valve23．燃油阀：fuel valve

24．起动阀：starting valve25．安全阀：safety valve26．示功器旋塞：indicator cock

27．冷却腔：cooling chamber28．活塞裙：piston skirt29．活塞环：piston ring

30．垫圈：rubber ring31．往复运动：reciprocating movement 32．工作行程：power stroke

6.燃油系统

燃油系统：fuel oil system 运行和维护：operation and maintainence

残碳值：carbon residues 燃油粘度：fuel oil＇s viscosity

十六烷值：cetane number 热值：calorific value 闪点：flash point

凝固点：setting point 比重：gravity 10.含水量：water content

11．机械杂度：mechanical impurity12．重油：heavy fuel 13．渣油：residual oil

14．沉淀柜：settling tank15．燃油舱：bunker tank16．日用柜：daily service tank

17．细滤器：fine filter18．压力调节阀：pressure regulating valve

19．针阀：needle vavle20．低油位报警：low tank level level alarm

21．输送泵：transfer pump22．三通阀：three-way valve23．喷射泵：injection pump

24．过滤器：stainer

7.润滑系统

润滑油膜：lubricating oil film 运动件：moving part 运动条件：operation conditions

油冷式活塞：oil cooled piston抗氧化：resistance to oxidation

总量损耗系统：total loss system feeding循环式系统：circulating system

传动装置：running gear燃烧室：combustion space活塞顶：piston crown

活塞环：piston ring衬套壁：liner wall运动方向的改变：reversal of direction of motion

机械注油器：mechanical lubricator曲轴箱：crankcase轴承：bearing17．活塞杆：piston rod

18．辅助设备：auxiliary equipment 19．泵：pump20．离心分离机：centrifuge

8.水冷却系统

燃油喷射阀 fuel injector valve

排气阀 exhaust valve

起动空气阀 starting air valve

机械强度 mechanical strength

内部管道 internal passage

热交换器 heat exchanger

气缸套冷却水循环泵 cylinder liner circulating pump

涡轮增压器 turbo-blower

闭式系统 closed system

开式系统 open system

压力水柜 pressure tank

海水循环式冷却器 sea water circulated cooler heat exchanger

汽蚀效应 cavitation effect

气囊 steam pocket

放气口 air lock

透气管ventilation pipe

支路branch

可视式流量计 visual flowmeter

喷嘴积碳 nozzle deposited carbon

滑油冷却器 lubricating oil cooler

盲板法兰 blind-flange

9.舱底和压载系统

舱底水：bilge water 压载水：ballast water 相互连接：interconnec t涨水，进水：flood

在船外，到舷外：overboard 水密舱室：watertight compartment

应急舱底水泵：emergency bilge pump 替换物，选择对象：alternative

引水装置：priming device 到某种程度：to some extent 调节船舶吃水差：trim the vessel

切换阀箱：change-over chest

10.管路系统

发证机构：certifying authority铸铁：cast iron冲击载荷：shock loading易碎性：brittle nature

循环热处理：cyclic heat treatment低碳钢：mild steel气密结构：gastight structure

热膨胀：thermal expansion 锅炉水舱柜：boiler feed water tank贯通配件：through fitting

隔离空舱：cofferdam船体变形：deflection of ship construction

1．safety valve（安全阀）2．steam stop valve（蒸汽截止阀）3．starting valve（起动阀）

4．indicator cock（示功阀，示功考克）5．governing valve（调速阀）

6．by-pass valve（旁通阀）7．main stop valve（主截止阀）8．hull valve（船体阀）

9．flushing valve（冲洗阀）10．vent valve（排气阀）11．suction valve（进气阀）

12．angle valve（角阀）13．automatic valve（自动阀）14．pressure valve（压力阀）

15．quick-closing valve（速闭阀）16．self-closing valve（自闭阀）

17．air filter（空气过滤器）18．coarse filter（粗滤器）19．fine filter（细滤器）

20．heating circulating valve（加热循环阀）

11.船用泵

容积式泵：displacement pump 离心泵：centrifugal pump往复泵：reciprocating pump

叶片泵：vane pump齿轮泵：gear pump旋转泵：rotary pump离心力：centrifugal force

轴向的：axial flow涡轮，涡轮机：turbine自吸式：self-priming啮合齿轮：meshing gear

蒸汽喷射器：steam ejector舵机液压系统：steering gear hydraulic system

人字齿：double helical tooth大气压：atmospheric pressure立式泵：vertical pump

12.舵机

舵机：steering gear船级社：classification society转舵能力：steering capacity

舵叶：rudder船舶吃水：ship’s draught驾驶台：bridge故障：trouble

独立的：independent液压伺服马达：hydraulic telemotor舵机室：steering gear room

舵柱：rudder stock液压油缸：hydraulic cylinder液压泵：hydraulic pump

撞杆：ram舵角信号：signal of rudder angle

13.甲板机械

甲板机械：deck machinery克令吊：crane日常检验：routine checking

锚泊设备：anchor arrangement 集装箱吊装设备厂：container handling facility

原动机：prime mover装卸能力：handling capacity

多旋转吊杆系统：

multiwinch slewing derrick system安全工作负载：safe working load

绞车卷筒：winch barrel or drum吊杆式起货装置：derrick crane system

14.推进装置

直接传动：direct drive推进效率：propulsion efficiency 轴系：shaft system

旋转方向：rotating direction齿轮传动：gear drive减速齿轮箱：reduction gear box

减速装置：reduction arrangement双桨：twin-screw双舵：twin-rudder

双机并车：twin-engine incorporation多级：multi-stage

带倒车离合器的减速：reduction with an astern clutch机舱：engine space

挠性联轴节：flexible coupling安装误差：installation error可调螺旋桨：VPP or CPP

固定螺旋桨：fixed pitch propeller定位：keep station

15.轴系及设计程序

传动轴系：transimission shafting system艉轴：stern shaft螺旋桨轴：screw shaft

中间轴：intermediate shaft法兰联轴节：flange coupling 可拆联轴节：removable coupling

隔舱填料函：compartment stuffing box推力环：thrust ring中空轴：hollow shaft

轴倾斜度：shaft rake动态特性：dynamic characteristic扭振：torsional vibration

纵振：longitudinal vibration 回转振动：whirling vibration振动计算：vibration calculation

螺旋桨桨叶：propeller blade

16.船舶设计与造船工程师

造船工程师：naval architect造船工程学：naval architecture力矩平衡：moment balance

重力平衡：weight balance轴马力：shaft horsepower净登记吨位：net register tonnage

总吨位：gross tonnage扣除空间：deductible space流体力学：fluid mechanics

结构强度：structural strength重货：high-density cargo轻货：low-density cargo

港口税：harbor due母型船：projected ship重心：centers of gravity

纵倾和稳性：trim and stability肋骨尺度：frame dimension外板厚度：plate thickness

零件图：detail drawing总图：general drawing

17.造船过程

1.（船舶）下水滑道：launching way2．初步设计：preliminary design3．合同设计：contract design

4．详细设计：detail design5．运作要求：operational requirement

6．缩尺船模（模型）：scale model7．成组建造技术：group technology to shipbuilding

8．大规模生产：mass production 9．任务系统：mission system10．交船日：delivery date

11．性能要求：performance requirements12．计划与调度：planning and scheduling

13．个别零件：individual parts14．干船坞：dry dock15．投标过程：bidding process

16．船体分段：hull block17．装配线：assembly line18．概念设计：concept design

18.船厂设施

building period建造周期assembly line 装配（流水）线sloping shipway 有坡度船台，滑道

building basin 船台 floating dry dock 浮船坞 engineering workshop轮机车间

erection shop 装配车间fitting out quay舾装码头pumping station泵站，动力室

repair quay 修船码头ship drawing office 船舶设计室

20.船舶下水与舾装

横向下水：sideway launching下水架：launching cradle滑道：standing way

滑板：sliding way边墩：side support下水扳机：launching trigger

局部压力：local pressure限制水域：restricted waterway减速力：retarding force

阻力锚：drags

21.适航

1.试验大纲：sea trial programmers2．测速区：measured mile course

3．重新试航：re-trial run4．性能试验：performance test5．动力装置：power plant

6．抛锚试验：anchor-heaving trial7．适航性能：sea-keeping performance

8．回转试验：turning trial9．潮汐效应：tidal effect

10．逐级加速试航：Progressive speed trial

11．续航力试验：endurance trial

12．船舶试验协议：Protocol of Trials of the ship

13．船舶设备清单：Inventory of the equipment of the vessel

14．消耗品储备协议：Protocol of Stores of Consumable Nature

15．完工图：finished drawings and plans

16．交船：delivery of the vessel

23.船级社

1．合同前服务：pre-contract service2．提交检验申请：submit survey application

3．申请评审及签署检验服务协议：aplication reviewing & survey agreement

4．船舶审图及确定船用产品持证清单：drawing approval & required marine products list

舶开工前检查：inspect before steel-cutting

6．焊接工艺认可：welding technology approval7．焊工资格：welder qualification

8．建造检验标准：standard of construct survey9．分段检验：structure inspection

10．结构装配及焊接：structure assemble & welding

11．安装主辅机、舵及轴系：installation of main engine, auxiliary mechinery & shafting

12．船台上或船坞内装配检验：assemble inspection on slipway or dock

13．分段合拢检验：inspection of structure assemble14．焊缝检验：inspection of welding

15．无损探伤检验：NDT16．密性试验：tightness test17．船舶下水：lauching

18．系泊试验：mooring trial19．航海试验：sea trial

20．签发短期证书：issuance of interim certificates

21．签发全期法定证书：Issuance of Full-Term Statutory Certificates

22．CCS船舶录：Register of Ships by CCS

23．签发全期船级证书：Issuance of Full-Term Class Certificates

24．船级委员会：Class Committee