高考英语真题有关“天气”话题的阅读完型深度解析含答案练习 备战2019

话题天气

【话题解读】

英美人谈论天气，除个别情况是实实在在地了解天气情况外，其他绝大部分情况都不是为了天气而谈天气，而是为了引入新的话题。比如旅行的人们坐在车上，彼此互不认识，假若大家都默默地坐着，那未兔太尴尬，而让人难受。为了打破这种冷局，人们就得无话找话说，说什么呢？在英美人看来，最方便也是最安全的办法，就是谈沦天气。因为天气这一话题人人都可以发表见解，虽不涉及他人私事，也不至于失礼或引起误解。

命题人可能要求考生写一篇关于天气预报或介绍某地气候特征以及相应的穿衣、生活、出行的注意事项。另外，随着近年来全球气候变暖，在世界各地频繁出现极端天气，高考也就经常以天气为话题来命题。

话题

导读：约翰逊博士曾说：“两个英国人一见面，头一句话就是天气。”一个国家民众的习惯总是会有它独特的原因的，本文带你一起去分析这背后的根源。

Why do the English Love Weather-speak

①It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather. Such a fixation with the weather

finds expression in Dr. Johnson’s famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.”

Though Johnson’s observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators fail to

②come up with a convincing explanation for this English weather-speak.

Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can

hardly be understood. He argues that “To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there

is not very much of it.” Simply, the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the

British Isles.

Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive.

Bryson is wrong, he says, because the English preference for the weather③has nothing to do with the natural

phenomena. “The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.” According to him, the weather

in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.

Bryson and Paxman④stand for common misconceptions about the weather-speak among the English. Both

commentators, somehow, are missing the point. The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at

all. English weather-speak is a system of signs, which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural

reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations starting with weather-speak are not requests

for weather data. Rather, they are routine greetings, conversation starters or the blank “fillers”. ⑤In other words,

English weather-speak is a means of social bonding.

英国人为何偏爱谈论天气

众所周知任何一段英语对话都是以谈论天气开始的。这种固着在约翰逊博士的名句中得以体现：两个英国人一见面，头一句话就是天气。尽管约翰逊的观察在今天看来仍像两百多年之前一样精确，大多数评论员却无法对这一现象给出一个令人信服的解释。

比如说，比尔·布莱森就得出结论说，既然英国的天气不是那么令人兴奋，英国人对于天气的这种痴迷就令人很难理解。他认为“对于一个外来人说，英国天气最显著的特征就是它根本没有什么明显特征。”坦白地说，原因就在于不列颠群岛不同寻常、难以捉摸的天气几乎就是无法预知的。

然而，杰里米·帕克斯曼不同意布莱森的观点，他认为从本质上来讲英国的天气非常有吸引力。他说，布莱森的观点是错误的，因为英国人对于天气的偏爱和自然现象毫无关系。“人们感兴趣的不是这些现象本身，而是它的不确定性。”按照他的观点，英国的天气变化多端、极不稳定，正是这样它对于英国人和外来者都具有吸引力。

重点单词:

1. fixation [fɪk'seɪʃ(ə)n] n. 固着；定位

2. commentator ['kɒmənteɪtə] n. 评论员

3. unpredictable [ʌnprɪ'dɪktəb(ə)l] adj. 不可预知的

4. misconception [mɪskən'sepʃ(ə)n] n. 误解；错觉；错误想法

5. reserve [rɪ'zɜːv] n. 保留

6. routine [ruː'tiːn] adj. 日常的；例行的

重点短语 / 亮点句式：

1. It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather.

众所周知任何一段英语对话都是以谈论天气开始的。

本句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的名词性从句。It is/was + 过去分词 + that-clause. 是英语中一个常用句型。

2. come up with 提出。

3. have nothing to do with 与……无关。

4. stand for 代表；象征；支持。学科&网

真题

话题下的阅读理解

Passage1（2016年·上海卷）

题型

阅读理解

体裁

说明文

话题

主题咖啡馆产生的背景

难度

★★★★☆

建议时间

6分钟

Is there link between humans and climate change or not? This question was first studied in the early 1900s.

Since then, many scientists have thought that our actions do make a difference. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol

explained our role in the Earth’s changing atmosphere and set international limits for gas emissions(排放) from

2008 to 2012. Some countries have decided to continue these reductions until 2020. More recently, the Paris

Agreement, stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global warming. But just now how much warmer it

will get depends on how deeply countries cut carbon emissions.

1. It can be concluded from paragraph 1 that _______.

A. the problem of global warming will have been quite solved by 2020

B. gas emissions have been effectively reduced in developed countries

C. the Paris Agreements is more influential than the Kyoto Protocol

D. humans have made continuous efforts to slow down global warming

2. If nations could only keep the initial promises of the Paris Agreement, what would happen by the year 2100?

A. The human population would increase by one third.

B. Little over 50% of all species would still exist.

C. Nations would not need to tighten their emissions targets.

D. The Agreement’s minimum goal would not be reached.

3. If those island nations not far above sea level are to survive, the maximum temperature rise, since the start of the

industrial age, should be_______.

A. 0.8℃ B. 1.5℃

C. 2℃ D. 3.5℃

【语篇解读】本文介绍了人们一直努力减少温室气体的排放，并设立了到2100年我们应该达成的目标以及达成目标要符合的条件。

2.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段This is how much temperatures would rise by 2100 even if nations live

up to the initial Paris promises to reduce carbon emissions…可知如果各国的气体排放能够符合巴黎协议的要求，到2100年气温会比现在高三度。而根据第三段To meet this minimum goal可知最小的目标是上升两度。也就是说即使各国的气体排放能够符合巴黎协议的要求，也达不到最小的目标。故D正确。

3.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段1.5℃中的This is the most ambitious goal for temperature rise set by the

Paris Agreement, after a push by low-lying island nations like Kiribati, which say limiting temperature rise to

1.5℃ could save them from sinking.可知对于那些低海拔的国家来说温度上升不超过1.5度，就可以避免他们被淹没。故B正确。

Passage2（2015年·陕西卷）

题型

阅读理解

体裁

说明文

话题

阳光的充足下咖啡豆

难度

★★★☆☆

建议时间

6分钟

When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life, she did what comes naturally. The four-year-old

dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and, being a city animal, lost both her sheep and her sense of

direction. Then she ran along the edge of a cliff(悬崖) and fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock into the sea.

Her owner Mike Holden panicked and called the coastguard of Cornwall, who turned up in seconds. Six

volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90-minute

search.

Three days later, a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall. Mr. Holden returned home from his holiday upset

and convinced his pet was dead. He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of

the country.

For the next two weeks, the Holdens were heartbroken. Then, one day, the phone rang and Steve Tregear, the

coastguard of Cornwall, asked Holden if he would like his dog back.

A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. While he sounded the alarm,

a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.

The dog had initially been knocked unconscious(失去知觉的) but had survived by drinking water from a fresh

stream at the base of the cliff. She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge. "The

dog was very thin and hungry, "Steve Tregear said. "It was a very lucky dog. She survived because of a plentiful

supply of fresh water," he added.

It was, as Mr. Holden admitted, "a minor miracle(奇迹)".

dog Judy fell down the cliff when she was .

A. rescuing her owner

C. blocked by a rock

B. caught in a hurricane

D. running after a sheep

spotted Judy after the accident?

A.A birdwatcher.

C. Six volunteers.

B.A student from Leeds.

D. The coastguard of Cornwall.

can we infer from the text?

A. People like to travel with their pets.

B. Judy was taken to the fields for hunting.

C. Luck plays a vital role in Judy’s survival.

D. Holden cared little where Judy was buried.

of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Miracle of the Coastguard.

C. Dangers in the Wild.

B. Surviving a Hurricane.

D. Coming Back from the Dead.

【语篇解读】在阳光充足的环境中甚至的咖啡豆对周围环境的影响。

3.C 【解析】考查推理判断。根据文章中的"...had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream"以及"It was a

very lucky dog"可知答案为C。学科&网

话题下的完形填空

Writing1（2014年·新课标II卷）

题型

完形填空

体裁

记叙文

话题 难度

★★★☆☆

建议时间

17分钟

Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes

mountains. They reached the top 41 , but on their way back conditions were very 42 . Joe fell and broke his

leg. They both knew that if Simon 43 alone, he would probably get back 44 . But Simon decided to risk

his 45 and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope (绳).

As they 46 down, the weather got worse. Then another 47 occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each

other and, 48 , Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice (峭壁). It was 49 for Joe to climb

back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s 50 was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. 51 , after more

than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to 52 . In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 53 into a huge

crevasse (裂缝) in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but

he 54 to get out of the crevasse and started to 55 towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers 56 .

Simon had 57 the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be 58 , but he didn’t

want to leave 59 . Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t 60 it. Joe

was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.

41. A. hurriedly

42. A. difficult

43. A. climbed

B. carefully

B. similar

B. worked

B. safely

B. time

B. settled

B. storm

C. successfully

C. special

C. rested

C. slowly

C. health

C. went

C. change

D. early

D. normal

D. continued

D. regretfully

D. life

D. looked

D. trouble

D. by luck

D. impossible

44. A. unwillingly

45. A. fortune

46. A. lay

47. A. damage

48. A. by mistake

49. A. unnecessary

50. A. height

51. A. Finally

B. by chance

B. practical

choice

C. important

B. weight

B. Patiently

C. strength

C. Surely

D. equipment

D. Quickly

D. hold on 52. A. stand back B. take a rest C. make a decision

53. A. jumped

54. A. managed

55. A. run

B. fell

C. escaped

C. waited

C. move

C. above

C. left for

C. weak

D. backed

D. hoped

D. march

D. along

D. returned to

D. late

D. anxiously

D. accept

B. planned

B. skate

B. away 56. A. around

57. A. headed for

58. A. dead

B. traveled to

B. hurt

B. tiredly

B. believe

59. A. secretly

60. A. find

C. immediately

C. make

【语篇解读】这是一篇感人至深的记叙文，讲述Joe 和Simon成功登顶后返回途中的惊险遭遇，他们不屈不挠、互相支持的精神让人为之振奋。

47.D 参见上题解析。

48.A 因为他们相互看不见也听不见，Simon错误地把Joe从绝壁上往下送，结果进退两难。by mistake"错误地"；by chance"碰巧"；by choice"自愿"；by luck"侥幸"。

49.D Joe自己爬不回来，Simon也不可能有力气把他拉上来。

50.B Joe的重量正在把Simon慢慢地往下拉，两人处境危险。

51.A 最终在坚持一个多小时后，在黑暗和寒冷中，Simon不得不作出一个决定。

52.C 参见上题解析。

53.B 结果Joe摔到了下面的冰缝中。

54.A 依据下文，Joe成功从冰缝中爬出来一步步接近营地。manage to do"成功做到"。

55.C Joe一条腿断了，不能走，只能缓慢移动。

提分训练

I.阅读理解

A

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Looking for a perfect destination for your upcoming trip? Whether you are looking for a relaxing walking

experience or an in-depth city discovery, Austria could be a good choice.

Climate

Austria is located in a temperate climatic zone with a Central European climate influenced by the Atlantic

climate. The four seasons (spring, summer, fall and winter) each have typical temperature and climatic characters.

Due to the position’s diversity and the relatively large west-east expanse, there are two quite different climatic

regions:

East

In the Pannonian Plain and along the Danube valley, the climate shows continental features — low rainfall, hot

summers but only moderately(适中) cold winters.

Alpine Region(高山区)

Alpine climate — high rainfall (except inner Alpine valley regions such as the upper Inntal), short summers,

long winters.

Temperatures

Summer — up to 95 degrees Fahrenheit/average: 68 degrees Fahrenheit

Winter — up to 14 degrees Fahrenheit/average: 32 degrees Fahrenheit

Reminders of the country

Transient climate influenced by the Atlantic (in the West) and a continental influence in the Southeast. Before

starting your walk or hike in the mountains please inform yourself about the present weather conditions, danger of

avalanches(雪崩) or route conditions. Warnings of locals should not be ignored.

Travel times

The best time for hiking and walking tours or to visit a city is from April to October. The peak season for

summer vacation is July and August. The best time to enjoy your winter vacation is from December to March.

is the characteristic of the eastern region of Austria?

A. It has long and cold winters.

B. It rarely rains all year round.

C. Its weather is quite changeable.

D. Its winter temperature can reach 14°

does the author advise people to do before they hike in the mountains?

A. Talk with the locals.

B. Plan the route in detail.

C. Get suitable hiking equipment.

D. Confirm real-time information needed.

is the best time to visit an Austrian city?

A. January. B. March. C. August. D. December.

【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了奥地利的气候、温度、最佳旅游时间等。

1.B 【解析】考查细节理解。根据Climate部分的内容，尤其是"low rainfall"可知，奥地利东部地区的降雨量较少;由此可知，奥地利东部地区一年到头都很少下雨。故选B。

【易错点拨】本题易误选A项。部分考生一看到文中的"Warnings of locals should not be ignored"就主观地以为人们在开始徒步旅行之前要与当地人交谈，但该信息只表明当地人的告诫不容忽视，但并不能说明要与当地人交谈的事实，故可排除A项。

3.C 【解析】考查细节理解。根据Travel times部分中的"The best time for hiking and walking tours or to visit

a city is from April to October"可知，参观奥地利城市的最佳时间是4月至10月；再结合四个选项可知答案为C。

B

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How northern Europeans beat the winter blues

Ask a child from northern Europe to draw two pictures — one on a rainy day and a second in the sunshine —

and this is what you will get: in the first, as raindrops fall from the top of the page, the man behind the window has

an unhappy expression. When a yellow sun sends out some light from the corner, the man is smiling.

Northern Europeans associate rain with sadness and sunshine with happiness. They think this is true because

they are so aware of how their environment affects them. 1 In October 2008, a group of researchers examined

the influence of different daily weather factors, including temperature, wind and sunlight, on 1,200 participants.

The conclusion was that good or bad weather had little effect on people’s feelings. 2 A person who is upset on

dark or cold days suffers from a negative mood, and he will be likely to experience a sad winter. This is the basis of

an illness called Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). 3 .

Kalayjian, professor of psychology at Fordham University, advises that we should take steps to strengthen the

brain’s system against weather-driven mood changes. Research on SAD has been focused on the brain’s response to

darkness and light. When our eyes detect darkness, the brain gives off melatonin, which starts sleep cycles. 4 It

takes over to help us wake up and feel better when we detect light. “We can encourage people to take charge of

their feelings,” says Kalayjian. “We tell them to leave the computers and the indoor games and get out there in the

sun. 5 ”

A day of rain can potentially destroy your plan and affect your mood. But as the Scottish comedian Billy

Connolly once said: “There is no such thing as bad weather, only the wrong clothing.”

A. Another chemical called serotonin, however, can make people happy.

B. That’s when people can recharge their serotonin and get a better mood.

C. Most studies prove that a negative feeling is associated with bad weather.

D. They determined that people actually differ in their sensitivity to weather changes.

E. Yet that link has no scientific basis.

F. It is seriously doubted among the people who suffer from SAD.

G. It affects about 10% of the population of northern Europe each year.

【文章大意】本文科技说明文。文章介绍了情绪和天气关系的研究。结果发现，情绪和天气关系不大，主要是人们自身的原因。要控制好自己的情感是很重要的。

1.E 【解析】根据空前句子“Northern Europeans associate rain with sadness and sunshine with happiness. They

think this is true because they are so aware of how their environment affects them”（北欧人将悲伤和雨联系在一起，把阳关和快乐关联在一起。他们认为这是真实的，因为他们深知环境对他们的影响。）及

后文的“The conclusion was that good or bad weather had little effect on people’s feelings.”（结论是，天气的好坏对人们情绪的影响不大）可知，北欧人的那种情绪是没有科学依据的。故选E。

2.D 【解析】根据空后句子“A person who is upset on dark or cold days suffers from a negative mood, and he will

be likely to experience a sad winter.”（在黑暗或冷的日子里悲伤的人会患有消极情绪，他将可能经历悲伤的冬季）可知，此处指对天气变化的敏感程度是因人而异的。故选D。

4.A 【解析】根据空前句子“When our eyes detect darkness, the brain gives off melatonin, which starts sleep

cycles.”（当我们的眼睛发现黑暗时，大脑发出褪黑激素，开始睡眠周期）及空后句子“It takes over to

help us wake up and feel better when we detect light.”（当我们觉察到光线时，它能帮助我们醒来，帮助我们有更好的感觉）可知，此处应介绍另一种能令人快乐的化学成分。故选A。

5.B 【解析】根据空前句子“’We can encourage people to take charge of their feelings,” says Kalayjian. “We tell

them to leave the computers and the indoor games and get out there in the sun.”（要管好自己的感觉，我们告诉他们离开电脑和室内游戏，走出去到阳光下。）可知，此处指在阳光下重造自己的血清素，并让自己快乐起来。故选B。学科&网

II.完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

India, as everyone knows, has one of the most culturally diverse population with people of different religions

living together in harmony. But what people do not 1 is that the weather in India is as diverse as the country

itself. When one 2 to go from Kanyakumari towards Jammu and Kashmir one can witness and feel

the 3 climate. One can 4 rain, sun, snow, as well as notorious Indian monsoons. Weather in India can

change 5 seconds as one might witness sunshine in a minute and rain in 6 . This 7 in the climatic

conditions goes on all year around.

India is a country 8 spreads along vast physical distance, with mountains in the north, plains in the center

and the vast seas in the south. As India 9 in the south of the Asian sub-continent, it is 10 by the Bay of

Bengal from the east, the Arabian Sea from the west and the vast and almost 11 Himalayan mountain ranges

from the north. The vast country and diverse climatic conditions have helped India to grow as one of the

major 12 countries 13 the changing weather from region to region has 14 India in growing different

kinds of vegetation under different climatic conditions. The Indian weather shows a unique 15 to the diverse

cultures that have grown in this country.

It is the 16 of weather conditions in India that puzzles geographers and agriculturists. The climatic

conditions of India can 17 be categorized into four conditions such as cool and dry winters from December to

February, hot and dry summers from March to May, heavy rainfalls by southwest monsoons from June to

September and retreating northeast monsoons from October to November. Since monsoon

rainfall 18 agricultural production, its arrival is of 19 importance to the agricultural country. The

government planners and agriculturists are eagerly watching 20 of its arrival.

1.A. recognize

2.A. promises

3.A. increasing

4.A. experience

5.A. within

6.A. others

B. realize

C. admit

C. happens

D. accept

D. starts

D. confusing

D. practice

D. beyond

D. the others

D. variety

D. whatever

D. distributes

D. surrounded

D. evident

D. gifted

D. where

D. contributed

D. difference

D. uncertainty

D. strictly

D. contributes

D. a little

D. qualifications

B. guarantees

B. changing

B. discover

B. under

B. another

B. category

B. what

B. belongs

C. advancing

C. imagine

C. below

C. the other

7.A. exchange

8.A. which

9.A. lies

C. difference

C. whichever

C. extends

C. provided

C. distant

10.A. covered

11.A. endless

12.A. industrial

13.A. as

B. equipped

B. diverse

B. scientific

B. if

C. agricultural

C. although

C. caused

14.A. protected

15.A. character

16.A. variety

17.A. absolutely

18.A. decreases

19.A. very

B. helped

B. feature

B. reliance

B. roughly

C. resemblance

C. independence

C. exactly

C. affects

C. a bit

B. improves

B. much

20.A. predictions B. directions C. preparations

【文章大意】众所周知，印度是一个多元文化的国家，在这个国家，不同宗教信仰的人和平共处，其多元化的气候造就了印度这一农业大国。

1.B 【解析】考查上下文联系。此处应用realize与第一句中的"as everyone knows"中的knows 相呼应。

3.B 【解析】考查语境选词。文章主要讲印度气候的多样性，联系上句可知，从一个地区走向另一个地区，一个人可以感受到不断变化的气候，所以用changing表示气候不断变化。

4.A 【解析】考查语境选词。前一句提到一个人可以感受到不断变化的气候，接下来应该具体解释都会经历什么样的天气。故选A。一个人可以体验雨、太阳、雪和臭名昭著的印度季风。

5.A 【解析】考查介词。此处表示印度的天气在几秒之内就会变化。故选within"在……之内"。

6.B 【解析】考查近义词辨析。others是代词，表示复数概念，表泛指，相当于"other +复数名词"；another表示"另一"，指三者或三者以上中的另一个；the other可表示两者中的另一个，相当于"the other+单数名词"； the others是代词，表示复数概念，表特指，相当于"the other+复数名词"。结合语境可知选B。

7.D 【解析】考查上下文联系。此句在讲印度气候状况的多样性全年都在发生，variety与上文"the weather in

India is as diverse as the country itself"中的diverse 相呼应。

8.A 【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为country，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which。其他三个选项均不能引导定语从句。

9.A 【解析】考查动词。此处表示印度位于亚洲次大陆的南部。lie表示"坐落在"；belong常和to连用，表示"属于"；extend"延伸"；distribute"使分布"，为及物动词。故选A。

10.D 【解析】考查动词。根据常识可知，印度东部是孟加拉湾。再结合语境和句中的from可知，此处选D。

11.A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句中ranges为名词，意为"山脉"。此处表示北面为巨大的绵延不绝的喜马拉雅山脉。故选A。diverse"多种多样的"，distant"遥远的"，evident"显而易见的"。

12.C 【解析】考查常识。结合常识以及文中的"growing different kinds of vegetation under different climatic

conditions"可知，此处表示印度为主要的农业大国之一。

14.B 【解析】考查语境选词。结合语境可知，此处表示不同地区具有不同的气候，这能够促使印度在不同的气候条件下种植不同种类的植物。故选B。

15.C 【解析】考查对上下文的理解。文章开头提到了"India， as everyone knows， has one of the most culturally

diverse population with people of different religions living together in harmony"和"the weather in India is as

diverse as the country itself"。此处与开头处相呼应，表示印度的多样化气候其实与它的多元文化有着相似之处，都是很独特的。故选C。resemblance常与to连用，表示"与……相似"。

16.D 【解析】考查名词辨析。此处表示正是印度天气状况的不确定性使地理学家和农业学家感到困惑。选项中迷惑性最大的可能是A项，variety"多样化"。根据本句中的puzzles可知，此处选D，uncertainty表示"不确定性"。reliance"依赖"，independence"独立"，均不符合语境。

17.B 【解析】考查副词。结合语境可知，此处表示印度的气候状况大概可以分为四种情况。故选B，roughly

"大约，大致"。

18.C 【解析】考查动词。根据常识可知，季风降水影响着农业生产。故选C。decrease"减少"，improve"改善"，contribute"贡献，捐赠"，均不符合语境。

19.B 【解析】考查语境选词。此处为固定结构，"of +抽象名词"相当于抽象名词的同根形容词。very表示"很，非常"时不能修饰名词；a bit和a little不能修饰抽象名词。be of much importance相当于be very

important。

20.A 【解析】考查语境选词。此处与本段开头"It is the _______ of weather conditions in India that puzzles

geographers and agriculturists"相呼应。正是印度天气状况的不确定性使地理学家和农业学家感到困惑，因此政府规划者和农业学家热切希望能够预测季风雨的到来。故选A。学科&网

III.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The annual Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival is Harbin’s main tourist highlight. It is the world’s biggest winter

festival. The 1 (bitter) cold winters are just right for this festival.

2 sets the Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the 3 (beauty) lighting. It is

bigger than 4 ones in Sapporo, Norway, and Quebec.

At first, mainly the Chinese 5 (participate), but in the last decade, it has become an international festival

and 6 (compete). As the festival grows in international participation, and as China’s economy grows, the size of

the snow sculptures and ice architecture exhibits keeps 7 (grow). The works making up these exhibits are

astonishing, and their size and beauty are amazing.

The lighting 8 (effect) on the huge ice sculptures in the Ice and Snow World are technologically complex.

Officially, the festival 9 (hold) from the end of December through February. Opening dates keep changing, and

ending dates partly depend 10 the weather.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了哈尔滨冰雕节的发展和现状。

ful

【解析】考查形容词。根据句意可知，此处的lighting是名词，意为"灯光"，所以要用形容词来修饰。

【解析】考查冠词。空后的ones代指festivals，后面给出了具体的地点，故空处表特指，应填定冠词the。

ipated

【解析】考查时态。空处所填词在句中作谓语，根据时间状语At first可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。

ition

【解析】考查名词。空处与前面的名词festival并列，故填所给词的名词形式。

g

【解析】考查非谓语动词。keep (on) doing sth.是固定用法，表示"继续做某事"，故填growing。

s

【解析】考查名词。effect此处意为"效果"，根据空后面的谓语动词are可知，空处要用名词复数。

held

【解析】考查时态和语态。此处描述的是现在的客观情况，故用一般现在时;the festival与hold之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。

/upon

【解析】考查介词。depend on/upon意为"取决于"，是固定搭配。

IV.书面表达

假设你是李华，打算高考完(7月份) 去伦敦旅游一周，现在你就此事发email给伦敦的朋友Bob。主要内容包括：

1.询问当地的天气情况及你需要带的东西；

2.询问当地的景点及收费情况；

3.请Bob帮你在旅馆预定一个房间(对房间价格、设施的要求由考生自定)；

4.询问Bob关于当地的法规以防出错。

注意：

1.词数120左右；

2.信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；

3.可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。

Dear Bob，

How are you getting on recently?

I will have a seven days trip to London this summer, and I’m writing to you for some information of London

as well as your advice and help.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

I’m looking forward to your reply!

Yours,

Li Hua

【范文】

Dear Bob,

How are you getting on recently?

I will have a seven days trip to London this summer, and I’m writing to you for some information of London

as well as your advice and help.

I’d like to know the weather in July so as to take some proper clothes with me. And what necessities should I

take for my trip? Also I’d like to ask you to name some places of interest for me including the entrance fees in order

that I can arrange my trip and have a budget in advance. If you have time then I’ll trouble you to book a single

room in a hotel near your home. Its price should be ordinary, but there should be at least a computer in the room. I

am sure I can communicate with the local people but I am afraid of making mistakes if I am not familiar with the

law and rules there which may be foreign to my country’s, so I have to trouble you ahead of time.

I’m looking forward to your reply!

Yours,

Li Hua