高一英语北师大版必修三教学案:Unit 9 Section 4 含答案

Ⅰ.词义匹配

1．damage a．a place where you are allowed to cross something such as a road or border

2．nowhere b．an underground passage through which vehicles travel

3．crossing c．used when mentioning an additional thing or fact

4．tunnel d．the money that you pay for a journey

5．plus e．not in any place, or not to any place

6．fare f．physical harm caused to something so that it is broken or injured

答案：1.f 2.e 3.a 4.b 5.c 6.d

Ⅱ.根据词性及汉语意思写出单词

7．crossingn．交叉路口，人行横道

8．tunneln． 地道，隧道

9．plusprep.加→minus (反义词) prep.减，减去

Ⅲ.补全短语

1．in conclusion 总之；最后

2．places of interest名胜

3．pass through经过；通过

4．base sth. on ... 把……建立在……基础之上

5．begin with ... 以……为开始

6．be bored with对……厌倦

7．agreeon在……方面意见一致/达成共识

8．be available to为……所得到/利用

1．Before 1908, when Ford's cars became available to the public, it was only the very rich

who could afford to own a car.

1908年福特汽车问世之前，只有非常有钱的人才能买得起汽车。

[句式分析] 本句为强调句式，强调主语，其中who也可换为that。

[佳句赏析] 是谁偷了我的奶酪？

Who is it that stole my cheese?

2. Roads now connect the biggest cities to the smallest towns so it's possible to go anywhere

at anytime.

公路连接了最大的城市和最小的城镇，所以人们可以在任何时间前往任何地点。

[句式分析] 句中it作形式主语，代指后面的不定式to go anywhere at anytime。

[佳句赏析] 对于普通人来说去月球旅游是不可能的。

It is impossible for ordinary people to make a journey to the moon.

考点1

[教材原句]

A report last year also showed that air pollution from traffic is increasing and the old

buildings in the town are getting dirty and damaged.

去年的一次报道也表明因为交通而产生的空气污染正在加剧，而且城镇里的古老建筑也在变脏、受损。

The front of the car was damaged and we had to get out by the rear door.

车身前部受损，我们只得从后门出来。

His failure in the exam damaged his self-confidence.

他考试不及格使他的自信心受损。

do damage to 对……造成损害

Eating a lot and exercising little do damage to your health.

吃得多而锻炼少对你的健康有害。

[联想发散]

damage既可作动词又可作名词。作名词时，其常用结构为：do damage to。我们学过的类似结构还有哪些？试完成下列短语。

①do harm to 对……造成危害

②do good to 对……有好处

③do wrong to sb. 冤枉某人

damage vt&n.损害，损失

[辨析比较]

damage

destroy

ruin

“损坏”，意味着损坏后价值或效率降低，一般是部分性的，可以修复。可以作名词，也可以作动词

指十分彻底地“破坏”，常含有“不能或很难修复”的意思。其名词是destruction

指以自然力量或人为力量破坏，使“荒废，毁坏”以致无法恢复原状。可以作名词，也可以作动词。常用短语是in ruins，表示“成为废墟”

1．选词填空： destroy, damage, ruin

①A bomb destroyed two buildings.

②The storm damaged several houses and it took some days to repair.

③Much of the coastline has been ruined by tourism.

④Some bricks of the Great Wall are ruined after being exposed to the weather for ages.

⑤His hope of being a writer was destroyed．

⑥The accident did a lot of damage to his car.

2．完成句子

⑦吸烟有损你的健康。

Smoking does_damage_to your health.

⑧合理饮食有益于你的成长。

Reasonable diet does_good_to your growing.

考点2

[经典例句]

There was nowhere to run, nowhere to hide.

没有地方逃跑，没有地方躲藏。

The parents were sad for the children who were nowhere to be seen.

父母因到处找不到孩子而伤心。

Such methods will get you nowhere.

这些做法不会有什么结果。

nowhere else 没有别的地方

nowhere near 远远没有，远不，远不及

get nowhere (使)无进展，(使)不成功

Nowhereelse could we find the missing wallet.

我们在任何地方都找不到丢失的钱包。

The hall was nowhere near full.

大厅远未满座。

Direction means goal. You can get nowhere without a goal in life.

nowhere adv.无处，任何地方都不

方向就是目标。生活中没有目标你将一事无成。

[名师点津]

(1)nowhere除了作状语外，还可以作表语和宾语。

(2)nowhere位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序。

Happiness is nowhere for you to find if you can not find it in yourself.

如果无法在自己心中找到幸福，幸福就无处可寻。

He is a true volunteer who has spent much of his life trying to help others who have nowhere

else to turn.

他是个真正的志愿者，一生中大多数时间都在帮助那些走投无路的人。

Nowhere have I seen your dictionary.

我从未见过你的词典。

1．按要求完成句子

①I could see him nowhere.(句型转换)

→Nowhere couldIsee him.

②你的工作还谈不上好。(用nowhere near翻译句子)

Your_job_is_nowhere_near_good_enough.

2．完成句子

③我哪儿也找不到他。

Nowhere_could_I find him.

④世上再也没有这么安宁、漂亮的地方了。

Nowhere_else_in_the_world_can_there_be such a quiet and

beautiful place.

考点3

[教材原句]

Trains are regular and also there is a frequent service at weekends and at holiday times.

有定期的列车，周末和节假日还有很多班次。

He is a frequent visitor to the house.

他是这家的常客。

Cold air is frequent in March and April in northern China and it brings gales and sandstorms

to the areas.

三四月份中国北部冷空气活动频繁，给该地区带来了大风和沙尘暴。

frequently adv. 经常地，频繁地

frequency n. 频繁，频率

We frequently met each other in a small bar to kill time with a frequency of 3 times one

frequent adj.经常的，频繁的

week.

我们经常在一个小酒吧里见面来消磨时光，频率为每周三次。

1．选词填空： frequent, frequently, frequency

①Rain is getting less and less in frequency in this normally hot, dry region of the world.

②These days strange things happened frequently in the small village, which caused a panic

among the villagers.

③Earthquakes are frequent in Japan.

2．翻译句子

④Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for being fashionable.

那些频繁更换手机的人将为时髦付出昂贵代价。

⑤Explosions, though infrequent, are an occupational hazard for coal­miners.

矿井爆炸虽然不常发生，却是煤矿工人职业中的危险。

考点4

[教材原句]

The bus fares are also quite cheap.

公交费用也是相当便宜的。

The new fare will be $5, beginning (from) next week.

新票价5美元，从下周起实行。

Let me go shares with you in the taxi fare.

我和你分摊计程车费用吧。

[辨析比较]

fare

fee

tip

charge

cost

expense

tuition

“车、船费”；交通工具的“票价”

付给专业人员的“酬金”，如诊疗费，辅导费等；俱乐部等的会员费

给服务人员的“小费，赏钱”

水、电、房等的费用；索价；记账、赊账等

代价；花费；成本(常用复数)

支出，开支，费用；经费，支出薪金(常用复数)；津贴(薪水外的)

学生求学所交的“学费”

fare n．车费，票价

When you take a bus you should pay the fare.

坐公交车你必须买票。

The doctor's fee is higher than we expected.

那位医生的收费比我们想象的要高。

1．选词填空： fee, tip, tuition, fare, expense, charge

①What's the air fare to London?

②You should give a tip to a taxi driver.

③You have to pay a fat fee to your divorce lawyer.

④The expenses balance the receipts.

⑤There is an extra charge for a single room.

⑥The tuition of that private school is very high.

2．翻译句子

⑦你们学校收学费吗？

Does_your_school_charge_school__fees?

⑧单程票价为150元。

The_single_fare_is_150_yuan.

考点5

[教材原句]

Before 1908, when Ford's cars became available to the public, it was only the very rich who

could afford to own a car.

1908年福特汽车问世之前，只有非常有钱的人才能买得起汽车。

I can't afford a holiday this summer.

今年夏天我无法度假。

John was unable to afford the house.

约翰买不起房子。

afford to do sth. 能够做某事

afford sth. for sth. 为……花得起……

afford sb. sth.＝ afford sth. to sb. 供给某人某物

He said he couldn't afford to wait another day.

他说他一天也不能再等了。

These trees afford us a pleasant shade.

这些树给我们提供了荫凉。

[名师点津]

(1)afford常与情态动词(can, could, be able to)连用；

(2)除“负担得起”外，还有“给予，提供”之意。

1．写出下列句中afford的含义

①He can't even afford a new refrigerator.买得起

afford vt.买得起；承担得起；经得起

②The room afforded us a fine view of the Old City.提供，给予

③If we fail, we'll not afford the results.负担得起

2．完成句子

④如果你负担得起，我们想让你出国度暑假。

If you can_afford it, we would like you to go abroad for your summer holiday.

⑤音乐给我们带来欢乐。

Music affords_pleasure_to_us．

Before 1908, when Ford's cars became available to the public, it_was only the very rich

who could afford to own a car.

1908年福特汽车问世以前，只有非常有钱的人才能买得起汽车。

(1)本句中it was ... who ...是强调句型。

It was the children who broke the window.

是孩子们打破窗户的。

(2)强调句型的构成：

It is/was＋所强调的句子成分＋that/who ...

It was because her mother was ill that she didn't go with us.

是因为她妈妈病了，她不和我们一起去了。

[名师点津]

在强调句型中，如果强调的是人，从句引导词用who/that，否则一律用that。

(3)强调结构的一般疑问句：

Is/Was it ... that ...?

Was it yesterday that he came across Li Ming?

他是昨天碰见李鸣的吗？

(4)强调句的特殊疑问句：

When/Where/Who/...is/was it that ...?

Where was it that the famous writer was born?

这位著名作家出生在哪儿？

(5)强调句型中的否定转移。

对not ... until结构中由until引导的短语或从句进行强调时，须用It is/was not until ...

that ...这一固定句型。that从句中谓语动词用肯定形式。

It was not until I met you that I knew real friendship.

直到遇到你以后，我才体会到真正的友谊。

(6)含有定语从句的复杂强调句型。

当被强调部分是名词或代词时，它们常用定语从句来修饰，这样可以对定语从句中的关系词和强调句型中的连接词进行综合考查。

It was in the factory where I worked that I knew my wife.

我是在我工作的那个工厂里认识我妻子的。

[名师点津]

区分定语从句和强调句型的方法：强调句型中如去掉It is/was和who/that后，句子还原仍成立；而定语从句中去掉It is/was和引导词后句子缺少成分，不成立。

It was at three o'clock that we started.(强调句型)

It was three o'clock when we started.(定语从句)

[助记]

口诀巧记强调句型

强调结构并不难，that总是在中间。

除了谓语不强调，主宾表状都在编；

not until必考题，否定强调把你难。

疑问强调莫忽视，基本形式记心间。

1．判断下列句子中从句的类型

①It is obvious that she's pleased with the result.主语从句

②It was 1992 when he joined the army.定语从句

③I wanted to know where it was that you met your parents.强调句型

2．用强调句型对句中黑体部分进行强调

④Why didn't you attend the meeting yesterday?

→Why_was_it_that_you_didn't_attend_the_meeting_yesterday?

⑤We didn't recognize her until she took off her glasses.

→It_was_not_until_she_took_off_her_glasses__that_I_recognized_her.

⑥Peter got the first place in the exam.

→It_was_Peter_that/who_got_the_first_place_in_the_exam.

⑦When did the accident happen?

→When_was_it_that_the_accident_happen?

⑧Did you see the bird in the forest?

→Was_it_you_that_saw_the_bird_in_the_forest?

如何写报告

[技法指导]

报告的写作可分为以下几个步骤：

1．按照报告的题头格式，写出报告的呈交人和接收人，报告日期和报告主题。

2．正文一般由以下四部分组成：

(1)简要介绍所报告的对象的基本情况及写作目的。

(2)介绍所报告的对象的好的方面。

(3)介绍所报告的对象的不好的方面或欠缺之处。

(4)最后总结并提出改进的建议或自己的观点。

黄金表达

1．The aim of this report is to ...

2．On one hand, there are some advantages about ...

3．On the other hand, there exist several problems/disadvantages about ...

4．On the other hand, some things exist not so good.

5．On the other hand, I find these things disappointing.

6．However, there are many things which could be improved.

7．In conclusion ... need to do something to ...

[写作规范]

[题目要求]

现在有些父母经常翻看孩子日记或书包，这一现象引起了很大关注。现在请你针对这一社会现象根据如下内容写一篇英文报告：

1．父母经常翻看孩子的日记或书包；

2．不同人对这种现象的不同看法；

3．你自己的见解。

[三步作文法]

第一步：搜索词汇

1．频繁地 frequently/constantly/often

2．厌烦，讨厌 be_fed_up/be_bored

3．争论 argue_about

4．对……敏感 be_sensitive_to

5．责任 responsibility/duty

6．有益于 benefit/do_good_to

7．印象 impression

8．心贴心的交谈 a_heart-to-heart_talk

第二步：由词造句

1．现在一些家长经常查看孩子的书包或日记，这使得他们很厌烦。

①Now,_some parents often look into their children's school bags or read their diaries, and

it_makes_their_children_bored．

② Nowadays, some parents look into their children's school bags or read their diaries

frequently, which makes their children fed up．

2．他们认为父母没有责任这么做，因为人人都有权利为自己的隐私保密。

①They think their parents should_not_do_such_a_thing,_because everyone has his right to

keep_his_secret．

②They think their parents has_no_responsibility to do so, for everyone has his right to

have_his_own_secret．

3．另外一些学生认为：父母想了解自己的孩子是因为他们关心自己的孩子。

①Others think parents want to know their children because_they_care_about_them．

②Others think it_is because their parents care about them that they want to know their

children.

4．我认为：与父母心贴心的交谈是解决这个问题的好办法。

①Personally,_we should have_a_heart-to-heart_talk_with parents, which_is a good measure

to deal with this problem.

②As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_to_have_a_heart­to­heart_talk with parents should be a good

measure to deal with this problem.

第三步：连句成篇

Nowadays, some parents look into their children's school bags or read their diaries

frequently, which makes their children fed have been arguing about this topic for a

long time.

On one hand, some students are sensitive to this phenomenon and they think it has annoyed

them and affected the relation between them and their parents. They think their parents has no

responsibility to do so, for everyone has his right to have his own secret.

On the other hand, others think it is because their parents care about them that they want to

know their children and this may benefit their better development, although it may make a bad

impression on them.

As far as I'm concerned, to have a heart-to-heart talk with parents should be a good

measure to deal with this problem.

[对应学生课下能力提升(十二)]

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．The children were arguing over which TV program to watch.

must have reached his limit of patience, for he lost his temper.

3．Compared with most of your classmates, you are lucky.

4．The damage the storm caused was beyond repair.

5．We should make a good connection (关系) with neighbours.

6．I can't afford (负担) a holiday this summer.

7．Finding a date that suits (适合) us all is very difficult.

8．Twice, I was connected (联系) to the wrong person, so I had to dial a third time.

Ⅱ.词义辨析

1．damage/destroy

(1)A fire destroyed the house.

(2)Smoking seriously damages your health.

2．charge/fee/tip/fare

(1)When you take a bus you have to pay the fare．

(2)Is this money enough for the tuition fee?

(3)The guidebook to the museum is available free of charge．

(4)I gave the barber a tip．

Ⅲ.选词填空

be worried about, so far, take part in, because of, complain about, succeed in, have a bad

impression of, keep in touch with, take place

three year's hard work, he succeeded_in passing the University Entrance

Examination.

2．He is a naughty and lazy student, so his teachers have_a_bad_impression_of him.

3．This is the best film I have seen so_far．

4．We still keep_in_touch_with each other after we graduated from university.

5．Our school opening ceremony is to take_place on the playground next week.

6．He can't take_part_in the competition because_of his illness.

7．It seems that many people always complain_about their work.

8．With a lot of exercises undone, he is_worried_about the coming exam.

Ⅳ.完成句子

1．The rainstorm did_great_damage_to (对……造成巨大破坏) the old buildings.

2．Though the students have graduated, they visit_me_frequently (经常来看我)．

3．The fares have_been_going_up (一直在上升) because the price of petrol keeps going up.

4．There was nothing to_connect him with (把……与……联系起来) the crime.

5．Getting up at 5：00 am suits_me_fine (很适合我)．

6．A guess (that_is)_based_on facts (以事实为依据的) is called a theory.

7．There are 400 visitors to the park on_average (平均起来) every week.

Ⅴ.完形填空

The first day of school our professor asked us to know someone we didn't know. I

turned___1__ to find a little lady smiling at said, “Hi handsome. I'm Rose, eighty­seven

years I give you a __2__？”

I laughed and responded, “Of course you __3__！” and she gave me a big squeeze.

“Why are you in college at such an innocent (无辜的) __4__？” I asked.

She__5__ replied, “To meet a __6__ husband, get married, and have a couple of kids ...”

“No seriously，” I asked.

“I always __7__having a college education and now I'm getting one！” she told me.

After class we talked a lot and became instant friends. Every day for the next three months

we would__8__ class together and then talk nonstop. Actually, she easily __9__ friends wherever

she went.

__10__ the end of the semester we __11__ Rose to speak at our football banquet (宴会)．

I'll never forget what she __12__ us. As she began to __13__her speech, she __14__ her

cards on the floor. As we laughed she __15__ her throat (喉咙) and began, “We do not stop

playing because we are old; we grow old __16__ we stop playing. There are four __17__ to

staying young, being happy, and achieving success. You have to laugh and find __18__ every day.

You have to have a dream. When you__19__ your dreams, you die.”

She ended her __20__ by courageously singing TheRose.

语篇解读：本文属于记叙文，叙述了Rose为了实现自己上大学的梦想，在87岁高龄还到大学上课。作者以此故事告诉我们：活到老，学到老。

1． B．on

C．off D．away

解析：选A turn round“环顾四周”；turn on“打开”；turn off“关闭”；turn away“拒绝，弃用”。句意：在上学第一天，我们的教授要求我们认识一个我们不了解的人，我环顾四周发现了一位对着我微笑的矮个子女士。根据句意可知我环顾四周找人。故A正确。

2． B．hug

C．kiss D．dream

解析：选B gift“礼物，天赋”；hug“拥抱”；kiss“吻”；dream“梦想”。根据下一句“she gave me a big squeeze”可知她紧紧地拥抱了我。故本句她请求能否给我一个拥抱。故B正确。

3． B．may

C．will D．should

解析：选B must“必须”；may“可以，也许”；will“将要”；should“应该”。句意：我笑着回应：当然，你可以的。本句在肯定句中使用may表示答应对方的请求。其余三项与句意不符，B项属于最佳答案。

4． B．year

C．age D．period

解析：选C time“时间”；year“年”；age“年纪”；period“时期”。本句是作者的幽默的说法：在如此天真的年纪，你为什么要来读大学呢？因为在第一段中Rose说她自己已经87岁了，这是很大的年纪了。故C正确。

5．stingly B．seriously

C．innocently D．jokingly

解析：选D interestingly“有趣地”；seriously“严肃地”；innocently“无辜地，幼稚地”；jokingly“开玩笑地”。句意：她开玩笑地回答：来找一个富有的丈夫，结婚然后生很多小孩。根据回答可知她是在开玩笑而已。故D正确。

6． B．poor

C．rich D．small

解析：选C tall“高的”；poor“贫穷的”；rich“富有的”；small“小的”。这是Rose和我在开玩笑，想找一个富有的丈夫，更能突出她的幽默乐观。故C正确。

7． for B．heard of

C．hunted for D．dreamed of

解析：选D wait for“等待”；hear of“听说”；hunt for“寻找”；dream of“梦想”。句意：我一直梦想能上大学，现在我正在进行我的大学教育。上大学是Rose的梦想，这才是她87岁了还来读大学的原因。故D正确。

8． B．leave

C．skip D．have

解析：选A attend class“上课”；leave“离开”；skip“跳开”；have“拥有”。句意：在接下来的三个月里，我们经常一起上课然后讲个不停。故A正确。

9． B．made

C．found D．became

解析：选B make friends“交朋友”。句意：实际上无论在哪里，她都很容易交到朋友。故B正确。

10． B．By

C．In D．To

解析：选A at the end of“在……结束的时候”；by the end of“到……结束为止(通常与完成时连用)”；C、D两项通常不和the end连用。句意：在学期结束的时候，我们邀请Rose在足球宴会上为我们发言。本句谓语动词并没有使用完成时，故A正确。

11．d B．required

C．demanded D．told

解析：选A invite“邀请”；require“要求”；demand“要求，命令”；tell“告诉”。句意：在学期结束的时候，我们邀请Rose在足球宴会上为我们发言。因为我们是同学关系，所以使用invite表示邀请对方发言，并非是命令。故A正确。

12． B．taught

C．spoke D．asked

解析：选B give“给予”；teach“教”；speak“发言，讲话”；ask“请求”。句意：我永远不会忘记她教给我们的东西。本句表示Rose的发言对我们有很大的影响，教给我们很多东西。故B正确。

13． B．deliver

C．say D．speak

解析：选B tell“告诉”；deliver“投递，发表演讲”；say“说”；speak“讲话”。句意：当她开始发表讲话的时候，她把自己的身份证放在地上。动词deliver和speech连用，表示发表演讲。其余三项与speech不搭配。故B正确。

14． B．laid

C．left D．dropped

解析：选D put“放”；lay“放置，搁，铺”；leave“离开”；drop“放下”。根据名词the floor可知她是把自己的身份证放在地上，所以使用drop。故D正确。

15．d B．washed

C．cleared D．opened

解析：选C clean“清理”；wash“清洗”；clear“清除”；open“打开”。句意：当我们笑的时候，她清清喉咙。根据常识可知很多人在发言之前都有清清嗓子的习惯。故C正确。

16． B．so

C．because D．if

解析：选C as“随着”；so“于是”；because“因为”；if“如果”。句意：我们不会因为老了，就停止玩了。正是因为我们不玩了，我们才会变老。Rose想告诉我们：活到老，学到老。故C正确。

17． B．answers

C．secrets D．solutions

解析：选C step“步骤”；answer“答案”；secret“秘密”；solution“解决方法”。句意：永葆年轻有四个秘密。根据句意可知C正确，Rose在和我们分享她心态年轻的秘密。

18．s B．happiness

C．dreams D．humor

解析：选D story“故事”；happiness“快乐”；dream“梦想”；humor“幽默”。句意：你得大笑并找到生活中的幽默。根据laugh可知与humor相关。故D正确。

19． B．realize

C．achieve D．lose

解析：选D find“找到”；realize“实现”；achieve“获得，实现”；lose“失去”。句意：当你失去了梦想，你就会死掉。根据you die，指人失去了梦想就会死掉。故D正确。

20． B．story

C．dream D．song

解析：选A speech“演讲”；story“故事”；dream“梦想”；song“歌曲”。根据上文“As she began to ________ her speech”可知她结束自己的演讲。故A正确。

Ⅵ.阅读理解

Car sharing is another way to drive green that's gaining in popularity, especially in urban

areas. People who may not drive every day but still want a car to run errands (差事) or drive on

weekends benefit most from car sharing. Car sharing is usually run by a service like Zipcar,

though there are non­profit and informal car sharing services. Members pay a monthly fee and

have access to an entire fleet of cars when they need one. The cars are parked in fixed spots

around the city, so members only need to make a reservation (预约), and then go to the pick­up

spot.

Car sharing has major environmental benefits because it lessens the number of cars on the

road. Members don't drive just because they have a car. They plan trips, and if they don't need a

car, they don't use one. Still, a car is available to them if they need to make a big trip to the

grocery store, pick someone up at the airport or if they want to go to the beach for the day.

Members also benefit by having access to a car without any of the headaches of ownership. They

usually don't have to pay for gas, insurance or maintenance (保养)，and the monthly membership

fee is less than a typical car payment. So if you really want to go green but aren't ready to totally

give up a car yet, car sharing may be the way to go.

If you still need to get around, but want to go even greener than sharing a car, share a bus! On

the next page, you'll learn about the green benefits of mass transit.

语篇解读：本文对拼车作了简要介绍。

1．Car sharing ________．

A．has become the most popular way to go to work

B．has become the best way to cut living costs

C．is becoming more and more popular in cities

D．is becoming popular both in urban and rural areas

解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章首句可知C项正确。A项和B项文中找不到信息；D项与首句相悖。

2．As a member of Zipcar, you ________．

A．are supposed to pay the fee yearly

B．can have rides on your ordered type of cars

C．will be picked up anywhere you are

D．should make a reservation when you need one

解析：选D 细节理解题。会员是按月缴费，排除A项；B项与第一段中的“... have access

to an entire fleet of cars ...”矛盾；车只能在市内指定地点停靠接人，排除C项；根据第一段最后一句可知D项正确。

3．The second paragraph mainly tells us ________．

A．why to share a car

B．why car sharing benefit the environment

C．why car sharing is cheaper than owning a car

D．why a car is available to members

解析：选A 段落大意题。第二段主要论述拼车的好处：环保、经济、省心，故选A项。B项和C项均不全面；D项未涉及。

4．How many reasons are given in the second paragraph?

A．One. B．Two.

C．Three. D．Four.

解析：选B 细节理解题。前四句讲的是环保的好处，后面讲的是经济、省心的好处，共两项，故选B项。