2021年1月高三上期末丰台英语试题及答案

学习是一件很有意思的事

丰台区2021年第一学期期末练习

高三英语笔试

2021. 01

1. 答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条考 形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。2. 本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必生 须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除须 干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体知 工整、字迹清楚。3. 请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。4. 本试卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Helping Paws

Craig Cook has a very special service partner—a twenty-five-year-old female

capuchin monkey named Minnie. In 2012, when he was thirty years old, Craig was

in a car 1 that left him a quadriplegic, someone whose arms and legs don’t

work properly. For several years, Craig needed help from other people for such

basic needs 2 getting a drink of water. Then Minnie came to Craig through

the Helping Hands Organization.

Minnie was born at Southwick’s Zoo in New York. As part of the special

Helping Hands program, while she was a baby, she was given to a foster(寄养)

family 3 cared for her and helped her learn to live with people. She learned

basic 4 such as turning off lights and fetching on command.

Next, Minnie 5 the Helping Hands Monkey College for two years. At

the college, she learned tasks that would help a(n) 6 person. These included

taking food out of a refrigerator, turning pages in a book one at a time, and picking

up objects that had been dropped. It is a long 7 process, but capuchin

monkeys can live to be forty-five years old. So they can be 8 to provide

service for many years.

Craig said, “Living with Minnie is like living with a good friend. And since

she’s been with me, Minnie’s learned 9 more neat things to do, like making

popcorn in the microwave(微波炉). Thanks to Minnie, I can live 10 with

caregivers only coming in for a short time each day. And, when I go out, instead of

being seen as the guy in the wheelchair, I’m now the guy with the monkey.”

高三英语第1页（共12页）

1. A. accident B. park C. sale D. race

2. A. up B. as C. for D. to

3. A. when B. why C. who D. what

4. A. ideas B. skills C. principles D. rights

5. A. returned B. visited C. supported D. attended

6. A. elderly B. poor C. disabled D. lonely

7. A. decision-making B. training C. planning D. risk-taking

8. A. based on B. turned on C. fed on D. counted on

9. A. even B. once C. just D. yet

10. A. happily B. energetically C. independently D. safely

第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

The British must have really high standards. I was part of a student exchange

programme between a university in England and my university in China. I had

spent days in 11 (prepare) for my first English paper. I knew I did a good job

and was looking forward 12 getting a positive comment. When I got the

paper back, I found that my teacher 13 (write) the comment “Not bad!” Not

bad? But there weren’t any 14 (mistake) in my paper.

B

The college entrance examination is just around the corner. Homework and

tests will keep many of you up late at night, and you may plan to make up for your

lost sleep during the weekends. 15 is it useful? A study published in the

journal Current Biology completely has changed 16 people used to think. It

shows that the habit of sleeping in on weekends doesn’t fix the damage done by a

lack of sleep during the week. Even 17 (bad), it may damage your health.

C

The International Day of Families, which 18 (name) by the United

Nations in 1993, is held on May 15th every year. The day celebrates the 19

(important) of families. It aims 20 (develop) people’s understanding of issues

that are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed

with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international

levels.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节 阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每

高三英语第2页（共12页）

学习是一件很有意思的事

题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Don’t you think robots are a part of your life? In factories, robots put together

everything from toys to cars. Some homes have robots that sweep floors or mow

the lawn(剪草坪). And more robots are soon to come.

Like a Human

Robots don’t expect any thanks for all the work they do for us.

After all, they don’t have feelings. But that may be changing with

Nexi, a robot created by scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of

Technology. Nexi can move its face to show anger, happiness, or

sadness. It can also raise its eyebrows to show surprise.

24

How would you like a robot to help clean up your toys, or one

that plays hide-and-seek with you? Nao can be programmed to do both

those activities, and more. A two- foot-tall robot, Nao was designed by

a company in France to be a helper and companion. It can talk, walk

and even remember faces, voices, and places. Also, it can be

programmed to assist with daily tasks, such as checking e-mails.

Robots at Work

Need a lift out of bed? RIBA, short for “Robot for Interactive

Body Assistance”, will lend its helpful arms! Some patients at

hospitals and nursing homes have a hard time getting in and out of

bed. RIBA can gently lift a patient out of bed and help him or her

into a wheelchair. The robot can safely pick up and carry people

weighing 135 pounds.

Water Bots

Robots that work in water—and look like familiar sea

creatures—are making news lately. One of them is a robotic fish.

Researchers built the robo-fish to swim in water to detect pollution.

There’s even a robotic penguin called the AP, which uses

flippers(鱼鳍) to paddle and can move in all directions.

Experts predict that by 2025 we could have robots in every household! You

might be living or working with one of them every day!

21. By moving its face, Nexi might show its _________.

高三英语第3页（共12页）

A. feelings B. power C. interest D. opinions

22. If a patient needs assistance out of bed, which may be a good helper?

A. Nexi. B. AP. C. Nao. D. RIBA.

23. According to the passage, a robotic fish might be used for _________.

A. discovering fish B. picking up rubbish

C. studying sea creatures D. finding out pollution

24. Which subtitle can be filled in the blank?

A. Household Helpers B. Programme Designers

C. Hotel Cleaners D. Game Players

B

The Party of Their Lives

In Los Angeles’s infamous Skid Row, there are hundreds of children living on

the streets or in shelters. It’s a place where dreams go to die. But one couple is

determined to use their own experience with loss to foster a sense of hope.

In 2013, Mary Davis and her husband lost their first unborn kid. Refusing to

let the heartbreak break them, they became volunteers in a Skid Row homeless

shelter. They found that many of the kids there had never had a single birthday

party before, so they decided to throw a birthday party for those homeless kids.

They took over a room in the Union Rescue Mission and filled it with streamers,

gifts and a cake. The kids were so excited that they made their own music—singing

and clapping and, of course, laughing.

Since then, the couple have thrown a party each and every month. They

routinely attract 250 kids and their parents. An hour before each party, volunteers

arrive to set up the decorations and activities: face painting, balloon artists, a DJ,

cake, and pizza. There are small presents for the kids celebrating their birthdays,

but the Davis make sure there are more than enough to go around.

“I remember a mom came with her kid,” Mary says. “It was their first night at

the shelter, and her child had a birthday. We had an extra gift for her—pink

headphones. The little girl was so excited. And she’s crying. ‘I never

imagined we would ever need to be in a shelter. I didn’t know what to expect. But I

really didn’t expect a birthday party for my child.’ she cried with happiness.”

Doing her best to normalize these kids’ lives is both heartwarming and

bittersweet, Mary says. “If you look outside, you see homeless person after

homeless person on the street, and it reminds you that these kids don’t get to leave

this area after the party.”

It may be why, after throwing 88 parties, she still cries after each one. She

高三英语第4页（共12页）

学习是一件很有意思的事

credits the kids in the shelter with helping her hold on to hope. “We didn’t realize

how much joy they were going to bring us,” she told CBS News. “And it was so

healing for both kids and us.”

25. In Skid Row, hundreds of kids ________.

A. were homeless B. lost their parents

C. dropped out of school D. were crazy about parties

26. How did the couple help the kids?

A. They raised much money. B. They rented many houses.

C. They hosted birthday parties. D. They made birthday presents.

27. According to the passage, which can best describe Mary?

A. Honest and generous. B. Caring and generous.

C. Outgoing and caring. D. Outgoing and honest.

28. What does the story intend to tell us?

A. Well begun, half done. B. East or west, home is best.

C. What goes around comes around. D. Where there is love, there is hope.

C

Wildfires have recently ruined regions across the world, and their severity is

increasing. Hoping to reduce harm, researchers led by Yapei Wang, a chemist at

Renmin University of China, say they have developed an inexpensive device to

detect such fires earlier and with less effort.

Current detection methods rely heavily on human watchfulness, which can delay

an effective response. Most wildfires are reported by the general public, and other

warnings come from routine foot patrols(巡逻队) and watchtower observers. Passing

planes and satellites also occasionally spot something, but “the fire first appears on

the ground,” Wang says. “When you see the fire from the sky, it is too late.”

The team says its new device can be placed near tree trunks’ bases and send a

wireless signal to a nearby receiver if there is an unusual temperature increase. The

key is molten salts(熔盐) liquids: a sudden temperature change causes electrons(电子)

to travel within the liquids, creating electrical energy that causes electrodes to send

the signal. The team printed the substances onto ordinary paper to create a sensor.

Jessica McCarty, a geographer at Miami University, who was not involved in

the study, says places where wildland and city meet could potentially benefit from

such a device. She says, “When a fire breaks out, the homeowner will know before

the fire agency may have detected it.”

But improving integration among the different agencies involved in

firefighting is even more vital to address, says Graham Kent, a seismologist at the

高三英语第5页（共12页）

University of Nevada, who was also not part of the study. “The whole way that you

respond to a fire until it’s put out is like a ballet,” he says. “You’d have to

choreograph(编舞) it just so,” with resources distributed at precisely the right time

and place from detection to confirmation to dispatch(派遣) to extinguishing. “Fire

detection is just step one; if you blow steps two through 98, all

just doesn’t matter.”

Wang says his team’s next steps are to extend the device’s signal range beyond

the current 100 meters, which can limit practical use, and to develop a protective

wall for it. The device’s effectiveness, McCarty notes, will also need to be tested in

the field.

29. What can we learn about the new device?

A. It can spot fire from the sky.

B. It can send timely warning of fire.

C. It uses molten salts to test the signal.

D. It receives signals from tree trunks’ bases.

30. According to Graham Kent, what is the key to firefighting?

A. The time for detection. B. The provided new technology.

C. Precisely distributed resources. D. Cooperation of different departments.

31. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Fighting Fire with Paper B. Fire Is under Control

C. Fighting Fire in the Forest D. Firefighting Is a Matter of Urgency

D

Humans have a habit of delaying their own progress. From coffee to

refrigerator to genetically changed food, history is filled with innovations that

caused resistance before they become necessity in everyday life. Calestous Juma, a

professor of Harvard University, explores this phenomenon in his latest book,

Innovation and Its Enemies: Why People Resist New Technologies.

Among Juma’s claims is that people do not fear innovation simply because the

technology is new, but because innovation often means losing a piece of their

identity or lifestyle, and separating people from nature or their sense of purpose.

Juma identified in his research three key sources of opposition to innovation:

those with commercial interests in existing products, those who identify with

existing products, and those who might lose power as a result of change. The first

group is perhaps the most obvious. Many industries have been affected by

innovation. Just take a look at the pointless efforts of music publishers to stop the

change to digital music. Some consumers might oppose an innovation because the

高三英语第6页（共12页）

学习是一件很有意思的事

existing product is deeply rooted in their identity, culture or customs. The British

preferred tea time at home to sitting in a coffee shop, for example. Finally, the rise

of new technologies can also result in a change redistributing wealth and influence

away from some groups, and toward others. The expansion of harvesters and other

mechanical equipment reduced the need for farm labor, and the change in

population away from rural areas had significant political consequence.

Humans make decisions about new innovations with their instinct(直觉) rather

than evidence. Opponents and enthusiasts of a new technology will often make

shocking claims to support their arguments. Juma said beneath those arguments was

typically obvious concern of new technologies, rather than a reasoned response.

Juma said, “People see a new product and there is an emotional reaction to that

product because it challenges their outlook on the world. This has been the story

with almost every new product.”

Historically, technologists have been more concerned with the functionality of

the products they create, paying less attention to the consequence it may have on

society at large, Juma claims. Fortunately, that may be starting to change.

32. According to Para. 2 and 3, what is the key reason why people resist innovation?

A. The reliability of the existing technologies.

B. The difficulties of mastering new technologies.

C. The concern over the development of technologies.

D. The fear for the changes caused by new technologies.

33. What is the author’s attitude to people’s opposition to innovation?

A. Uncertain. B. Disapproving. C. Supportive. D. Neutral.

34. What does the passage imply?

A. Technologies’ effect on society should be valued.

B. The use of new products reduces the need for labor.

C. Enthusiasts of the technologies are more reasonable.

D. The functionality of new products causes more worries.

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

What is your recovery rate? How long does it take you to recover from actions

and behaviors that upset you? Minutes? Hours? Days? Weeks? Briefly, the longer it

takes you to recover, the more influence that incident has on your actions, and the

less able you are to perform to your personal best. 35

You are well aware that you need to exercise to keep the body fit and, no doubt,

accept that a reasonable measure of health is the speed in which your heart and

高三英语第7页（共12页）

respiratory system(呼吸系统) recovers after exercise. Likewise the faster you let go

of an issue that upsets you, the faster you return to calm, the healthier you will be.

36 They know that the faster they can forget an incident or missed opportunity

and get on with the game, the better their performance.

Similarly, imagine yourself to be an actor in a play on the stage. 37 You

have been given a script and at the end of each sentence is a full stop. Each time

you get to the end of the sentence you start a new one. Although the next sentence

is related to the last it is not affected by it. Your job is to deliver each sentence to

the best of your ability.

So, it is unnecessary to live your life in the past. 38 Thoughts of the past

shouldn’t be allowed to reduce your personal best. Being present is a gateway to

recover quickly.

39 Reflect on your recovery rate each day. Every day before you go to

bed, look at your progress. When you are lying in bed, you shouldn’t blame

yourself for having done this wrong or not having done that better, but look at your

day and note when you made an effort to place a full stop after an incident. In this

way, you are taking control of your life and achieve the aim: reduce the time spent

in recovery.

A. You’re undertaking real changes here.

B. Remember: Rome wasn’t built in a day.

C. Here are some cases where you can learn about it.

D. Your aim is to play your part to the best of your ability.

E. Instead of the past, it is the present that you have to focus on.

F. The best example of this behavior is found with professional sportspeople.

G. It’s said that the average time for sportspeople to win the game is 30 minutes.

第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节：阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，

共12分）。

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。

Balancing Trees and CO2

Tree planting used to be regarded as an effective means of reducing climate

change. Perhaps it’s time for us to rethink this practice. Trees pull CO2

from the air.

This effectively removes CO2

from the atmosphere. But trees only hold onto CO2

as

long as they’re alive. Once they die, trees decay(腐烂) and release that CO2

back

into the atmosphere.

Recent studies have found that trees around the world are growing faster than

高三英语第8页（共12页）

学习是一件很有意思的事

ever. The rise of CO2

, mainly due to burning fossil fuels, is probably driving that

rapid growth, said Roel Brienen, a forest ecologist at the University of Leeds, UK.

High levels of CO2

are increasing temperatures, which in turn speeds tree growth in

those areas, he added.

The faster trees grow, the faster they store carbon. It seems like good news.

However, it is known that fast-growing tree species, in general, live shorter lives

than their slow-growing relatives.

In order to see whether the growth-lifespan trade-off(生长与寿命之间的权衡)

is a universal phenomenon, Brienen and his colleagues analyzed over 210,000

individual tree ring records of 110 tree species from more than 79,000 sites

worldwide. They found that, in almost all habitats and all sites, faster-growing tree

species died younger than slow-growing species, and even within a species, the

trade-off between growth and lifespan held strong.

The team also created a computer program that modeled a forest and

tweaked(微量调整) the growth of the trees in this model. Early on, it showed that

“the forest could hold more carbon as the trees grew faster”, Brienen reported. But

after 20 years, these trees started dying and losing this extra carbon again. “We

must understand that the only solution to bringing down CO2

levels is to stop

emitting (排放) it into the atmosphere,” said Brienen.

40. What does “this practice” in Para.1 refer to?

___________________________________________________________________

41. Why are trees around the world growing faster than ever?

___________________________________________________________________

42. Read the following statement, underline the false part of it and explain the

reason.

➢The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2

,

and

the longer lives they live.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

43. Please briefly present what you can do in daily life to reduce the emission of

CO2

. (about 40 words)

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

高三英语第9页（共12页）

第二节 应用文写作（共20分）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校下个月将要举办“图书漂流”(BookCrossing) 活动——将自己喜欢的图书放在学校任意公共场所，感兴趣的同学读完后将书放回原处，让其继续漂流。请你给交换生Chris写一封邮件，邀请他参加此次活动，内容包括：

1. 活动意义；

2. 具体安排；

3. 发出邀请。

注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 适当增减细节，使文章连贯；3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Chris，

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

丰台区2021年第一学期期末练习

高三英语第10页（共12页）

学习是一件很有意思的事

高三英语期末练习答案及评分参考

2021.01

笔试部分（共100分）

第一部分 知识运用

第一节 完形填空（共10小题，15分。每小题1.5分）

1-5 ABCBD 6-10 CBDAC

第二节 语法填空 （共10小题，15分。每小题1.5分）

11. preparing 12. to 13. had written 14. mistakes

15. But/ Yet 16. what 17. worse 18. was named

19. importance 20. to develop

第二部分 阅读理解

第一节 阅读理解（共14小题，28分。每小题2分）

21-25 ADDAA 26-30 CBDBD 31-34 ADBA

第二节 七选五（共5小题，10分。每小题2分）

35-39 CFDEB

第三部分 书面表达

第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，12分。1-2题每小题2分，3小题3分，4小题5分）

40. Planting trees to reduce climate change. /Tree planting is used to reduce

climate change. /Using tree planting to reduce climate change.

41. Because of the rise of CO2

from burning fossil fuels. /Because of the rise of

CO2. /Because burning fossil fuels leads to the rise of CO2.

42. The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2, and the

longer lives they live.

Because Berienen and his team found that faster-growing tree species died younger

than slow-growing species. /According to Berienen and his team’s research,

faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species. /Because

fast-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species.

43. There are many things I can do to help. Firstly, I’ll take a reusable cloth bag and say no to plastic bags

while shopping, for it can save energy and reduce pollution. Secondly, when I go somewhere, I’ll choose public

transportation instead of private cars to reduce the emission of CO2.

第二节 应用文写作（共20分）

Possible version:刘凯老师整理

高三英语第11页（共12页）

Dear Chris,

I can’t wait to share a piece of good news with you. Since you’re an enthusiast

about reading, I believe you will be of great interest in this meaningful activity

named BookCrossing.

BookCrossing is the practice of leaving a book in a public place to be picked

up and read by others, who then do likewise. For one thing, the BookCrossing can

motivate us to further develop our reading habits and help to broaden our horizons.

For another, it provides a good chance to make friends with like-minded people.

Our BookCrossing starts this Monday and will last for a week. When the time

comes, you’ll be surprised to find terrific books at any places on campus. Of course,

if you are in, you are supposed to share several books that are valuable and

beneficial. To help others get a general knowledge of your book, your thoughtful

introduction and helpful comments are warmly welcomed.

What are you waiting for? I’m looking forward to your participation and you

are bound to love it. （179 words）

Yours,

Li Hua

为大家整理的资料供学习参考，希望能帮助到大家，非常感谢大家的下载，以后会为大家提供更多实用的资料。

高三英语第12页（共12页）